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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,657 records · Page 92
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Numerical Considerations in the Modeling of a High Explosive Cylinder Experiment Using an ALE Continuum Mechanics Code

A series of experiments involving the detonation of PBX 9501 encased in a copper cylinder are modeled with the objective of evaluating a proposed set of phenomenological parameters for the Wescott–Stewart–Davis reactive burn model. The numerical analysis is conducted using the Los Alamos continuum mechanics code FLAG. Numerical considerations pertaining to various aspects of modeling the experiments using FLAG are discussed. It is shown that use of the proposed set of phenomenological parameters results in predictions of free-surface velocity that match empirically measured velocities reasonably well.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Does Explosive Nuclear Burning Occur in Tidal Disruption Events of White Dwarfs by Intermediate-mass Black Holes?

We investigate nucleosynthesis in tidal disruption events (TDEs) of white dwarfs (WDs) by intermediate-mass black holes. We consider various types of WDs with different masses and compositions by means of three-dimensional (3D) smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. We model these WDs with different numbers of SPH particles, N , from a few 10{sup 4} to a few 10{sup 7} in order to check mass resolution convergence, where SPH simulations with N > 10{sup 7} (or a space resolution of several 10{sup 6} cm) have unprecedentedly high resolution in this kind of simulation. We find that nuclear reactions become less active with increasing N and that these nuclear reactions are excited by spurious heating due to low resolution. Moreover, we find no shock wave generation. In order to investigate the reason for the absence of a shock wave, we additionally perform one-dimensional (1D) SPH and mesh-based simulations with a space resolution ranging from 10{sup 4} to 10{sup 7} cm, using a characteristic flow structure extracted from the 3D SPH simulations. We find shock waves in these 1D high-resolution simulations, one of which triggers a detonation wave. However, we must be careful of the fact that, if the shock wave emerged in an outer region, it could not trigger the detonation wave due to low density. Note that the 1D initial conditions lack accuracy to precisely determine where a shock wave emerges. We need to perform 3D simulations with ≲10{sup 6} cm space resolution in order to conclude that WD TDEs become optical transients powered by radioactive nuclei.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS2000

Detection of explosives, nerve agents, and illicit substances by zero-energy electron attachment

The Reversal Electron Attachment Detection (READ) method, developed at JPL/Caltech, has been used to detect a variety of substances which have electron-attachment resonances at low and intermediate electron energies. In the case of zero-energy resonances, the cross section (hence attachment probability and instrument sensitivity) is mediated by the so-called s-wave phenomenon, in which the cross sections vary as the inverse of the electron velocity. Hence this is, in the limit of zero electron energy or velocity, one of the rare cases in atomic and molecular physics where one carries out detection via infinite cross sections.

vapor detection explosives electron detachment↗
DOE OSTI2011

The Physics of Ion Decoupling in Magnetized Plasma Explosions

When a finite pulse of plasma expands into a magnetized background plasma, MHD predicts the pulse expel background plasma and its B-field - i.e. cause a magnetic 'bubble'. The expanding plasma is confined within the bubble, later to escape down the B-field lines. MHD suggests that the debris energy goes to expelling the B-field from the bubble volume and kinetic energy of the displaced background. For HANEs, this is far from the complete story. For many realistic HANE regimes, the long mean-free-path for collisions necessitates a Kinetic Ion Simulation Model (KISM). The most obvious effect is that the debris plasma can decouple and slip through the background plasma. The implications are: (1) the magnetic bubble is not as large as expected and (2) the debris is no longer confined within the magnetic bubble.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

Further RAGE modeling of asteroid mitigation: surface and subsurface explosions in porous objects

Disruption or mitigation of a potentially hazardous object (PHO) by a high-energy subsurface burst is considered. This is just one possible method of impact-hazard mitigation. We present RAGE hydrocode models of the shock-generated disruption of PHOs by subsurface nuclear bursts using scenario-specific models from realistic RADAR shape models. We will show 2D and 3D models for the disruption by a large energy source at the center of such PHO models ({approx}100 kt-10 Mt) specifically for the shape of the asteroid 25143 Itokawa. We study the effects of non-uniform composition (rubble pile), shallow buried bursts for the optimal depth of burial and porosity.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2012

SWIFT for High Explosive Initiation Research

SWIFT diagnostics coupled with PDV and other tools represent an exciting new source of data with many possible applications - Basic HE and detonator characterization. SIAS is the name for the methodology we use to couple our SWIFT data to calculations for maximum utilization - Each experiment design requires a new load curve/table and associated ALE3D input file.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗