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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,639 records · Page 91
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

Monitoring Wildlife Interactions with Their Environment: An Interdisciplinary Approach

In a rapidly changing world, wildlife ecologists strive to correctly model and predict complex relationships between animals and their environment, which facilitates management decisions impacting public policy to conserve and protect delicate ecosystems. Recent advances in monitoring systems span scientific domains, including animal and weather monitoring devices and landscape classification mapping techniques. The current challenge is how to combine and use detailed output from various sources to address questions spanning multiple disciplines. WolfScout wildlife and weather tracking system is a software tool capable of filling this niche. WolfScout automates integration of the latest technological advances in wildlife GPS collars, weather stations, drought conditions, and severe weather reports, and animal demographic information. The WolfScout database stores a variety of classified landscape maps including natural and manmade features. Additionally, WolfScout’s spatial database management system allows users to calculate distances between animals’ location and landscape characteristics, which are linked to the best approximation of environmental conditions at the animal’s location during the interaction. Through a secure website, data are exported in formats compatible with multiple software programs including R and ArcGIS. The WolfScout design promotes interoperability in data, between researchers, and software applications while standardizing analyses of animal interactions with their environment.

Spatial database management system, Wildlife, Weat↗
DOE OSTI2016

Modeling the Value of Integrated Canadian and U.S. Power Sector Expansion

The United States and Canada power systems are not isolated. Cross-border transmission and coordination of system operation create an interconnected power system, which results in combined imports and exports of electricity of greater than 70 TWh per year [1]. Currently, over 5 GW of new international transmission lines are in various stages of permitting and development. These lines may enable greater integration and coordination of the U.S. and Canada systems, which can in turn reduce challenges associated with integration of high penetrations of variable renewables. Furthermore, low-cost Canadian resources, such as wind and hydro, could contribute to compliance with the EPA's recently released Clean Power Plan. Improving integration and coordination internationally will reduce the costs of accessing these resources. This analysis work build on previous work by Ibanez and Zinaman [2]. In this work we seek to better understand the value of additional interconnection between the U.S. and Canadian power systems. Specifically, we quantify the value of additional interconnection and coordination within the Canadian-US integrated power system under scenarios in which large reductions (>80%) in power sector CO2 emissions are achieved. We explore how the ability to add additional cross-border transmission impacts capacity investment, the generation mix, system costs, and the ability of the system to integrate variable renewable energy into the power system. This analysis uses the Regional Energy Deployment System (ReEDS) capacity expansion model [3], [4] to quantify the value of the integrated power system expansion of the United States and Canada. ReEDS is an optimization model that assesses the deployment and operation (including transmission) of the electricity sector of the contiguous United States and Canadian provinces from 2016 through 2050. It has the ability to model the integration of renewable energy technologies into the grid. ReEDS captures renewable energy resources through the use of 356 individual resource regions and 134 balancing areas across the U.S. and is able to handle renewable energy issues such as variability in wind and solar output, transmission costs and constraints, and ancillary services requirements.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2016

QCI Common

There are many common software patterns and utilities for the ORNL Quantum Computing Institute that can and should be shared across projects. Otherwise we find duplication of code which adds unwanted complexity. This is a software product seeks to alleviate this by providing common utilities such as object factories, graph data structures, parameter input mechanisms, etc., for other software products within the ORNL Quantum Computing Institute. This work enables pure basic research, has no export controlled utilities, and has no real commercial value.

McCaskey, Alexander J.↗
DOE OSTI2016

The Impact of Microgrids on Transmission Network Congestion Management

This work presents a preliminary analysis considering impact of a grid-connected microgrid on network transmission of the power system. The locational marginal prices of the power system are used to strategically place the microgrid to avoid congestion problems. In addition, a Monte Carlo simulation approach is implemented to confirm that network congestion can be attenuated if appropriate price-based signals are set to define the import and export dynamic between the two systems.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2016

PlotData v. 4.47

Sandia National Laboratories has developed a computer program to review, reduce and manipulate waveform data. PlotData is designed for post-acquisition waveform data analysis. PlotData is both a post-acquisition and an advanced interactive data analysis environment. PlotData requires unidirectional waveform data with both uniform and discrete time-series measurements. PlotData operates on a National Instruments' LabVIEW™ software platform. Using PlotData, the user can capture waveform data from digitizing oscilloscopes over a GPIB, USB and Ethernet interface from Tektronix, Lecroy or Agilent scopes. PlotData can both import and export several types of binary waveform files including, but not limited to, Tektronix .wmf files, Lecroy.trc files and xy pair ASCIIfiles. Waveform manipulation includes numerous math functions, integration, differentiation, smoothing, truncation, and other specialized data reduction routines such as VISAR, POV, PVDF (Bauer) piezoelectric gauges, and piezoresistive gauges such as carbon manganin pressure gauges.

Wackerbarth, David↗
DOE OSTI2014

Plenario: An Open Data Discovery and Exploration Platform for Urban Science

The past decade has seen the widespread release of open data concerning city services, conditions, and activities by government bodies and public institutions of all sizes. Hundreds of open data portals now host thousands of datasets of many different types. These new data sources represent enormous po- tential for improved understanding of urban dynamics and processes—and, ultimately, for more livable, efficient, and prosperous communities. However, those who seek to realize this potential quickly discover that discovering and applying those data relevant to any particular question can be extraordinarily dif- ficult, due to decentralized storage, heterogeneous formats, and poor documentation. In this context, we introduce Plenario, a platform designed to automating time-consuming tasks associated with the discovery, exploration, and application of open city data—and, in so doing, reduce barriers to data use for researchers, policymakers, service providers, journalists, and members of the general public. Key innovations include a geospatial data warehouse that allows data from many sources to be registered into a common spatial and temporal frame; simple and intuitive interfaces that permit rapid discovery and exploration of data subsets pertaining to a particular area and time, regardless of type and source; easy export of such data subsets for further analysis; a user-configurable data ingest framework for automated importing and periodic updating of new datasets into the data warehouse; cloud hosting for elastic scaling and rapid creation of new Plenario instances; and an open source implementation to enable community contributions. We describe here the architecture and implementation of the Plenario platform, discuss lessons learned from its use by several communities, and outline plans for future work.

Catlett, Charlie↗
DOE OSTI2017

BISON

The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) fuel performance code BISON is a finite element code used to simulate nuclear fuel during irradiation. It contains models for different types of fuel and cladding such as fundamental thermo-physical properties, creep, swelling, porosity, and mechanical interaction. The authors contribute to the code through the development of some of these models, such as newly formulated thermal conductivity, phase redistribution, and thermal expansion models. In addition, solver methods are contributed where appropriate to facilitate calculations. The code is controlled by INL through an export-controlled license similar to other DOE nuclear related codes.

Matthews, Christopher↗
DOE OSTI2017

Federal New Buildings Handbook for Net Zero Energy, Water, and Waste

In 2015, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) defined zero energy buildings as "an energy-efficient building where, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal to the on-site renewable exported energy." This document is focused on applying EERE’s definition of zero energy buildings to federal sector new buildings. However, it is not intended to replace, substitute, or modify any statutory or regulatory requirements and mandates.

federal new buildings↗
DOE OSTI2017

Federal Existing Buildings Handbook for Net Zero Energy, Water, and Waste

In 2015, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) defined zero energy buildings as "an energy-efficient building where, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal to the on-site renewable exported energy." This handbook is focused on applying the EERE definition of zero energy buildings to existing buildings in the federal sector. However, it is not intended to replace, substitute, or modify any statutory or regulatory requirements and mandates.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2017

Federal Campuses Handbook for Net Zero Energy, Water, and Waste

In 2015, the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) defined a zero energy campus as "an energy-efficient campus where, on a source energy basis, the actual annual delivered energy is less than or equal to the on-site renewable exported energy." This handbook is focused on applying the EERE definition of zero energy campuses to federal sector campuses. However, it is not intended to replace, substitute, or modify any statutory or regulatory requirements and mandates.

federal campuses↗
DOE OSTI2017

Has pellet production affected SE US forests?

Wood pellet export volumes from the Southeastern United States (SE US) to Europe have been growing since 2009, leading to concerns about potential environmental effects. Biomass pellets are intended to reduce carbon emissions and slow global warming by replacing coal in European power plants. Yet, stakeholders on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean worry that increased pellet production might lead to changes in SE US forests that harm water and soil quality, or endanger sensitive species—such as birds, tortoises, and snakes—and their habitats. Stakeholders have also expressed concern that increasing pellet demand might accelerate a fifty-year trend in which naturally regenerating mixed hardwood and pine forests native to the SE US are being replaced by plantation pine forests.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Host cells and methods for producing diacid compounds

The present invention provides for a method of producing one or more fatty acid derived dicarboxylic acids in a genetically modified host cell which does not naturally produce the one or more derived fatty acid derived dicarboxylic acids. The invention provides for the biosynthesis of dicarboxylic acid ranging in length from C3 to C26. The host cell can be further modified to increase fatty acid production or export of the desired fatty acid derived compound, and/or decrease fatty acid storage or metabolism.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) Winter Intensive Operational Period: Aerodynamic Particle Sizer Field Campaign Report

An aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer (APS, model 3321 by TSI Inc., Shoreview, Minnesota) was deployed at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) observatory during the second (winter) intensive operational period (IOP) of the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) field campaign. Data were collected from January 9 through February 26, 2018, covering the second deployment of the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) aircraft within ACE-ENA. The standard ENA instrument suite does not provide measurements of aerosol particle size distribution for diameters greater than one micron. Properties of coarse-mode (super-micron) aerosols are rarely measured, although super-micron particles can play an important role in the aerosol life cycle, affecting aerosol optical properties and cloud nuclei activity (e.g., Clarke et al. 2003). The APS was deployed to fill this gap in particle size measurements: it is capable of measuring size-resolved concentration of the aerosols in the 0.5-20 μm range (aerodynamic diameter). The APS was installed in the aerosol trailer to sample through the main stack. Special attention was given to selection of the instrument location (just below the main stack) to minimize particle losses in the connecting lines. Most atmospheric aerosols are hygroscopic, so the measurement of the aerosol size distributions should either be performed in a controlled humidity environment or accompanied by concurrent measurement of the temperature and humidity of the sample air. The latter strategy was used during this deployment: a high-precision humidity/temperature transmitter (model EE08 by E+E Elektonik GMBH, Engerwitzdorf, Germany) was mounted in the APS sampling line immediately upstream of the APS inlet. A dedicated laptop computer was used for data collection and communications. The APS was controlled with vendor-supplied software (Aerosol Instrument Manager, ver. 10.1, TSI); aerosol size distribution data were collected over a period of 55 seconds and converted to one-minute averages. Temperature and humidity analog signals were acquired via analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module (model WTAIN-M by Weeder Technologies, Fort Walton Beach, Florida) using vendor-supplied software (ModCom) with 1- sec resolution. In post-processing, the APS data were exported from TSI proprietary format into “comma-separated value” American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) files and matched with appropriately averaged temperature and humidity data. Two significant periods of missing data were caused by local power outages. Vendor-supplied software was not designed for unattended operation: it needs to be manually restarted including sensor configuration setup.

ACE-ENA, Azores, ultra-high-sensitivity aerosol sp↗
DOE OSTI2018

DC-connected Solar Plus Storage Modeling and Analysis for Behind-The-Meter Systems in the System Advisor Model: Preprint

A detailed model for PV plus DC-connected batteries was developed. This model was compared to an existing AC connected battery model in the System Advisor Model (SAM) tool using a hypothetical Honolulu residence with a PV plus storage system. The stand-alone PV system was shown to provide the most value; however due to the increased difficulty of PV systems being approved for grid interconnection in Hawaii, it is valuable to install an AC or DC connected battery to enable full PV self-consumption under a less restrictive interconnection option. In that case both battery systems enabled full PV self consumption at the residence, requiring no power to be exported to the grid. The DC-connected battery system captured energy from the PV array which would have also been clipped due to inverter limitations. For a PV system with DC/AC ratio of 1.23, the battery configurations produced net-present values within 1% of each other, but when the DC/AC ratio increased to 1.85, the DC-connected system increased the net-present value by 13%.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Chapter 8 - Challenges and Opportunities for International Trade in Forest Biomass. In the book Mobilisation of Forest Bioenergy in the Boreal and Temperate Biomes.

In an effort to reduce fossil fuel consumption, the use of woody biomass for heat and power generation is growing. Key destination markets will be countries within the European Union (EU), particularly the United Kingdom (UK), the Netherlands, Denmark, and Belgium. While demand from Asia (particularly South Korea and Japan) will also increase, it will continue to play a secondary role. Across the EU, adoption of sustainability criteria for forest biomass based on the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) 2009/28/EC or similar criteria is likely. In the UK, the largest market for traded wood pellets, such criteria have already been proposed. As of 2015, only forest biomass that achieves at least a 60% reduction in GHG emissions relative to the EU fossil fuel electricity average can be used for bioenergy production, and proof of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) is required. In the Netherlands, the energy industry and non-governmental organizations achieved principal agreement on sustainability criteria for solid biomass, but issues of compliance testing and monitoring must still be addressed. In Flemish Belgium, the sustainability requirements for bioliquids may soon be applied to woody biomass. In Denmark, a voluntary industry agreement is set to ensure that all bioenergy production by 2019 is conducted sustainably. At present, internationally traded wood pellets from temperate and boreal biomes originate primarily from the United States (US), Canada, and Russia. Among these, Canada offers large stretches of SFM-certified forests, but the US Southeast has seen the strongest increase in wood pellet production and export in recent years. The expansion of pellet production in the US Southeast is mainly linked to available forest inventory (pulpwood in particular)and the competitive advantage gained by the relative proximity to demand markets in the EU. In addition to the mobilization barriers observed in supply chains at the local and national scale, limitations in the supply of forest biomass for international trade will be influenced by regulatory measures that could restrict the trade of specific feedstock fractions.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Economic Dispatch for DC-Connected Battery Systems on Large PV Plants

Falling costs of energy storage combined with an increasing need to mitigate variable generation integration issues is leading to more PV projects that include batteries. Large PV plants that include batteries face challenges optimizing the value of the power they produce, especially when the batteries are DC-coupled and otherwise clipped power (due to high DC/AC ratio) is available. Multiple charging times and sources must be considered, including: grid charging, charging from PV that would otherwise be exported to the grid, and charging from clipped PV power. Then discharge schedules must be optimized against time-of-day pricing. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory in partnership with Southern Company has developed a heuristic algorithm in the System Advisor Model (SAM) which strategically charges the battery from PV and discharges the battery depending on the time-of-day prices of the PPA, the forecast PV production, and the estimated wear cost of the battery. The algorithm and case study results from a generic plant will be presented with recommendations for future work.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Developing EGS Collab Site Geologic Framework Models at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota

The ongoing DOE/GTO funded EGS Collab project aims to stimulate and conduct inter-well flow tests at an intermediate (~10-20 m) in an underground mine in Lead, South Dakota. It is a collaborative initiative where several national laboratories, universities, and other institutions are working together to develop experimental, instrumentation, characterization, and monitoring tools and concepts that could be later employed at a full-scale EGS demonstration FORGE site. In this paper, we describe the development and workflow approach and some preliminary results of earth modeling task for EGS Collab project. We are creating earth models at three different domain scales – EGS Collab, Intermediate, and Large area – using RockWorks 17 software. Local geology, drifts/shafts, and 4850 L boreholes are incorporated in these models. Similarly, available and applicable physical/mechanical properties are also planned to be included in the earth models. Besides providing visualization of the local geology, mine architecture, and bore holes in the test site, the earth modeling task also envision to develop a series of 3-D block models (ASCII files for scattered data/point clouds in the form of X, Y, Z, g) for various physical/mechanical properties of rock. These 3-D block models will provide a consistent baseline value for a parameter of interest to all modeling/simulation groups involved in the EGS Collab project. For this task, we have assembled a preliminary suite of physical/mechanical properties of rocks. Some of the earth modeling results (3-D block models) have been tested by some modeling/simulation team members to test their applicability and for developing additional modeling capability or modifications in RockWorks exported 3-D block models. It is expected that the earth modeling results will be helpful for achieving the overall EGS Collab project objectives.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2018

High-Quality Home Performance: Arizona's Home Performance with ENERGY STAR (R) Program

Arizona Public Service (APS) has created a high-quality Home Performance with ENERGY STAR (ENERGY STAR) program. In addition to being based on the ENERGY STAR guidelines developed by the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, they have used two other national guideline/standards to improve quality and contractor satisfaction: DOE's Standard Work Specifications for Home Energy Upgrades (SWS) and the Home Performance Coalition's Home Performance Extensible Markup Language (HPXML). As the program found areas for improvement, they worked with their implementer FSL Home Energy Solutions (FSL) to develop a quality assurance (QA) program based on the SWS. They also worked with energy assessment and other software providers to implement HPXML in a program administration software platform. This gave contractors a choice in what energy assessment software they used - each tool allowed in the program exported HPXML seamlessly to the program administration platform. APS worked closely with FSL and contractors to implement the QA program and roll out the software improvements. After implementing the QA program and software, the program saw approximately 15% improvement in measure and work scope quality.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗