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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1996

Ohio Space Grant Funds for Scholarship/Fellowship Students

The Ohio Aerospace Institute (OAT), a consortium of university, industry, and government, was formed to promote collaborative aerospace-related research, graduate education, and technology transfer among the nine Ohio universities with doctoral level engineering programs, NASA Lewis Research Center, Air Force Wright Laboratory, and industry. OAT provides enhanced opportunities for affiliates to utilize federal government research laboratories and facilities at Lewis Research Center (LeRC) and Wright Laboratory. As a component of the graduate education and research programs, students and faculty from the member universities, LeRC engineers and scientists, and visiting investigators from industry, government and non-member universities conduct collaborative research projects using the unique facilities at LeRC, and will participate in collaborative education programs. Faculty from the member universities who hold collateral appointments at OAT, and government and industry experts serving as adjunct faculty, can participate in the supervision of student research.

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NASA NTRS1976

Materials research at Stanford University

Information briefly describing the total research activity related to the science of materials is reported. Emphasis is placed on physical and mechanical properties of composite materials, energy transportation, superconductors, microwave electronics, and solid state electrochemistry.

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NASA NTRS1985

ICIASF '85 - International Congress on Instrumentation in Aerospace Simulation Facilities, 11th, Stanford University, CA, August 26-28, 1985, Record

Developments related to laser Doppler velocimetry are discussed, taking into account a three-component dual beam laser-Doppler-anemometer to be operated in large wind tunnels, a new optical system for three-dimensional laser-Doppler-anemometry using an argon-ion and a dye laser, and a two-component laser Doppler velocimeter by switching fringe orientation. Other topics studied are concerned with facilities, instrumentation, control, hot wire/thin film measurements, optical diagnostic techniques, signal and data processing, facilities and adaptive wall test sections, data acquisition and processing, ballistic instrument systems, dynamic testing and material deformation measurements, optical flow measurements, test techniques, force measurement systems, and holography. Attention is given to nonlinear calibration of integral wind tunnel balances, a microcomputer system for real time digitized image compression, and two phase flow diagnostics in propulsion systems.

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NASA NTRS1986

NASA university program management information system, FY 1986

The University Program Report provides current information and related statistics for approximately 4300 grants/contracts/cooperative agreements active during the report period. NASA Field centers and certain Headquarters Program Offices provide funds for those R&D activities in universities which contribute to the mission needs of that particular NASA element. This annual report is one means of documenting the NASA-university relationship, frequently denoted, collectively, as NASA's University Program.

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NASA NTRS1985

NASA university program management information system, FY 1985

The University Program Report provides current information and related statistics for approximately 4200 grants/contracts/cooperative agreements active during the reporting period. NASA Field Centers and certain Headquarters Program Offices provide funds for those research and development activities in universities which contribute to the mission needs of that particular NASA element. This annual report is one means of documenting the NASA-University relationship, frequently denoted, collectively, as NASA's University Program.

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NASA NTRS1992

Science, engineering and enabling technologies for exploration of the universe

This report by NASA's Office of Aeronautics, Exploration, and Technology identifies a list of critical technologies needed to support the exploration of the universe. The concept of the Integrated Technology Plan (ITP) is introduced with specific attention given to the strategic planning framework for NASA and other participants involved in the development of space technologies. The required technologies are identified for the Mission to Planet Earth, the Space Exploration Initiative, information systems, spacecraft advancement, and critical astrophysics issues. The ITP presents the basis for strategically planning the development of such technologies as observation systems, on-board processing, EVA systems, aerobraking, nuclear propulsion, scientific information acquisition, and high-energy sensors. The ITP is a significant step towards the planned and prioritized advancement of critical technologies related to the exploration of the universe.

Reck, Gregory M.↗
NASA NTRS2012

The Age of Precision Cosmology

In the past two decades, our understanding of the evolution and fate of the universe has increased dramatically. This "Age of Precision Cosmology" has been ushered in by measurements that have both elucidated the details of the Big Bang cosmology and set the direction for future lines of inquiry. Our universe appears to consist of 5% baryonic matter; 23% of the universe's energy content is dark matter which is responsible for the observed structure in the universe; and 72% of the energy density is so-called "dark energy" that is currently accelerating the expansion of the universe. In addition, our universe has been measured to be geometrically flat to 1 %. These observations and related details of the Big Bang paradigm have hinted that the universe underwent an epoch of accelerated expansion known as Uinflation" early in its history. In this talk, I will review the highlights of modern cosmology, focusing on the contributions made by measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the faint afterglow of the Big Bang. I will also describe new instruments designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background in order to search for evidence of cosmic inflation.

Chuss, David T.↗
NASA NTRS2012

The Early Universe: Searching for Evidence of Cosmic Inflation

In the past two decades, our understanding of the evolution and fate of the universe has increased dramatically. This "Age of Precision Cosmology" has been ushered in by measurements that have both elucidated the details of the Big Bang cosmology and set the direction for future lines of inquiry. Our universe appears to consist of 5% baryonic matter; 23% of the universe's energy content is dark matter which is responsible for the observed structure in the universe; and 72% of the energy density is so-called "dark energy" that is currently accelerating the expansion of the universe. In addition, our universe has been measured to be geometrically flat to 1 %. These observations and related details of the Big Bang paradigm have hinted that the universe underwent an epoch of accelerated expansion known as "inflation" early in its history. In this talk, I will review the highlights of modern cosmology, focusing on the contributions made by measurements of the cosmic microwave background, the faint afterglow of the Big Bang. I will also describe new instruments designed to measure the polarization of the cosmic microwave background in order to search for evidence of cosmic inflation.

Chuss, David T.↗
NASA NTRS2011

Propulsion Physics Using the Chameleon Density Model

To grow as a space faring race, future spaceflight systems will require a new theory of propulsion. Specifically one that does not require mass ejection without limiting the high thrust necessary to accelerate within or beyond our solar system and return within a normal work period or lifetime. The Chameleon Density Model (CDM) is one such model that could provide new paths in propulsion toward this end. The CDM is based on Chameleon Cosmology a dark matter theory; introduced by Khrouy and Weltman in 2004. Chameleon as it is hidden within known physics, where the Chameleon field represents a scalar field within and about an object; even in the vacuum. The CDM relates to density changes in the Chameleon field, where the density changes are related to matter accelerations within and about an object. These density changes in turn change how an object couples to its environment. Whereby, thrust is achieved by causing a differential in the environmental coupling about an object. As a demonstration to show that the CDM fits within known propulsion physics, this paper uses the model to estimate the thrust from a solid rocket motor. Under the CDM, a solid rocket constitutes a two body system, i.e., the changing density of the rocket and the changing density in the nozzle arising from the accelerated mass. Whereby, the interactions between these systems cause a differential coupling to the local gravity environment of the earth. It is shown that the resulting differential in coupling produces a calculated value for the thrust near equivalent to the conventional thrust model used in Sutton and Ross, Rocket Propulsion Elements. Even though imbedded in the equations are the Universe energy scale factor, the reduced Planck mass and the Planck length, which relates the large Universe scale to the subatomic scale.

Robertson, Glen A.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A Bayesian model for visual space perception

A model for visual space perception is proposed that contains desirable features in the theories of Gibson and Brunswik. This model is a Bayesian processor of proximal stimuli which contains three important elements: an internal model of the Markov process describing the knowledge of the distal world, the a priori distribution of the state of the Markov process, and an internal model relating state to proximal stimuli. The universality of the model is discussed and it is compared with signal detection theory models. Experimental results of Kinchla are used as a special case.

Curry, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Search for evidence of a preferred reference frame

Some gravitation theories, in contradiction to general relativity, allow the existence of a universal preferred reference frame. Also allowed in some theories can be a galaxy-induced anisotropy of the gravitation constant. The parametrized post-Newtonian theory predicts that in these cases, there will be anomalous earth-tide amplitudes at specific frequencies. An 18-month earth-tide record obtained with the superconducting gravimeter has been examined for such anomalies. The data allow for the existence of such effects but cannot prove it because of uncertainties concerning geophysical perturbations of the tides. However, an upper limit to the preferred frame parameter of the parametrized post-Newtonian formalism is established at 0.002. The results also set a less rigorous limit on the anisotropy parameter, of the order of 0.001.

Warburton, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Case for an open universe

The determination of the geometrical structure of the universe through the magnitude-vs-redshift relation in standard cosmology has not been very successful, mainly because of the intrinsic insensitivity of the m-vs-z relation to a deceleration parameter, which determines the spatial curvature and therefore the geometry. By relaxing the assumption usually made, i.e., the identity of gravitational and atomic clocks, sufficient sensitivity is achieved. Existing observational evidence then leads one to conclude that the universe is open.

Canuto, V.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Summary of high-lift and control surface research on NASA general aviation airfoils

Summary findings and bibliographical information are presented for airfoil and airfoil-related research conducted at Wichita State University during the past decade. Topics include flap, aileron, and spoiler design data for new airfoils, extensive flow measurements, modifications to older airfoils, new symmetrical sections and contributions to analytical methods for cases with partial separation.

Wentz, W. H., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Solar astronomy

An overview is given of modern solar physics. Topics covered include the solar interior, the solar surface, the solar atmosphere, the Large Earth-based Solar Telescope (LEST), the Orbiting Solar Laboratory, the High Energy Solar Physics mission, the Space Exploration Initiative, solar-terrestrial physics, and adaptive optics. Policy and related programmatic recommendations are given for university research and education, facilitating solar research, and integrated support for solar research.

Rosner, Robert↗
NASA NTRS1991

Time-cumulated visible and infrared radiance histograms used as descriptors of surface and cloud variations

The spatial and temporal stability of the distributions of satellite-measured visible and infrared radiances, caused by variations in clouds and surfaces, are investigated using bidimensional and monodimensional histograms and time-composite images. Similar analysis of the histograms of the original and time-composite images provides separation of the contributions of the space and time variations to the total variations. The variability of both the surfaces and clouds is found to be larger at scales much larger than the minimum resolved by satellite imagery. This study shows that the shapes of these histograms are distinctive characteristics of the different climate regimes and that particular attributes of these histograms can be related to several general, though not universal, properties of clouds and surface variations at regional and synoptic scales. There are also significant exceptions to these relationships in particular climate regimes. The characteristics of these radiance histograms provide a stable well defined descriptor of the cloud and surface properties.

Seze, Genevieve↗
NASA NTRS1989

A dual-armed free flyer

This summary presents the main conclusions and results of the design studies conducted by a group of 13 students at the University of Maryland. The students, all participants in the spring 1989 course ENEE418 in the Electrical Engineering Department, met weekly in a two-hour class to discuss and evaluate design alternatives. The main problem considered was the design and control of a planar testbed simulating a free-flying space robot for applications in satellite servicing. This project grew out of the 1988 class where a dual-armed free flyer (DAFF) was designed and partially built. This year, a group of six students continued the development of the DAFF, achieving computer-controlled motion of the DAFF's arms. All fabrication and testing of the DAFF is being conducted in the Intelligent Servosystems Laboratory at the University of Maryland. While the work related to the design and development of the DAFF is the main subject of the report, it should be noted that other students in the ENEE418 class have investigated additional issues related to manipulation in space. For example, one group studied a new parallel linkage based manipulator for fine motion applications such as in assembly operations in space. They investigated the mechanism's kinematics, its reachable workspace, and precision of applying forces and torques. In yet another project, a student set out to measure and map the friction characteristics of the actuators used in the Modular Dextrous Hand, which has been recently developed in the Intelligent Servosystems Laboratory. The results are expected to help compensate for this friction, which is a highly nonlinear disturbance and presents significant problems in high-precision, low-speed operations. This summary continues with the discussion of the results obtained by the group of students who have been working on developing the DAFF testbed.

Beck, D.↗
NASA NTRS1995

GAIA and beyond: The perspective from the milliarcseconds of Hubble and Hipparcos

Astrometry with the Hubble space telescope and Hipparcos satellite advanced the optical astrometric accuracies to the milliarcsec level. The global astrometric interferometer for astrophysics (GAIA) satellite and other proposed optical interferometry space missions would advance the optical astrometric accuracy to better than 10 microarcsec. A catalog figure of merit is defined which allows a quantitative comparison to be carried out for astrometric catalogs. Using two specific astrophysical problems, the level of the expected scientific contribution from a GAIA-type mission is assessed. The two problems are: the age of the globular clusters in relation to the age of the Universe, and the initial mass function compared with fluctuations in the star formation rate with time.

Hemenway, Paul D.↗
NASA NTRS1995

NASA MSU Status Report

Our laboratory concentrations consisted of several parts: (1) we made several presentations of the work sponsored by NASA covered under the last status report period; (2) we irradiated and successfully completed Moessbauer measurements on a high temperature superconductor; (3) we continued the improvement of our laboratory with the development of improved software; and (4) we made modifications of equipment to increase the efficiency and decrease the time necessary for completing an experimental investigation. In addition to our research results, this report contains a copy of the last financial report submitted by the University's business office that was related to this grant.

Oliver, Frederick W.↗