High Temperature Gas Temperature Probe
A probe is described that is capable of measuring gas temperatures exceeding 2000C
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A probe is described that is capable of measuring gas temperatures exceeding 2000C
Turbulent heat and momentum transfer for uniform velocity and temperature gradients in a flow field
Resistance thermometer incorporating a germanium resistance element with a platinum resistance element in a wheatstone bridge circuit has a linear temperature-resistance coefficient over a range from approximately minus 140 deg C to approximately minus 253 deg C.
Refraction of sound field of omnidirectional pure tone point source by temperature and velocity fields of 3/4-inch air or nitrogen jet
Atomic line intensity tables for ionized iron atom at high temperatures
Extreme temperature determinations which affect spacecraft electronic equipment on flyby missions
Analysis and design of three gas bearings for high temperature operation
Wall and total temperature variations effects on transition Reynolds number in hypersonic He tunnel, noting sound mode dominance
Electron beam measurement of rotational and high vibrational temperature in molecular nitrogen
Long-time temperature stability of refractory metal alloys and weldability determinations
Variable microwave thermal noise temperature standard generator with output ranging from below 40 to above 370 K
Inertial instruments temperature compensation vs control
Purpose of investigation was to identify candidate materials for self-evacuating multilayer insulation systems to be used on liquid hydrogen tanks on space shuttle, which would survive re-entry temperatures and mechanical and thermal cycling of one hundred flights.
The dependency of Mach number on the Prandtl-Meyer function was numerically determined by iterating the Prandtl-Meyer function and applying the Muller method to converge on the Mach number for flows in cryogenic parahydrogen and nitrogen at various total pressures and total temperatures. The results are compared with the ideal diatomic gas values and are presented in tabular form.
The development of thin film temperature sensors is discussed. The technology for sputtering 2 micron thin film platinum versus platinum 10 percent rhodium thermocouples on alumina forming coatings was improved and extended to applications on actual turbine blades. Good adherence was found to depend upon achieving a proper morphology of the alumina surface. Problems of adapting fabrication procedures to turbine blades were uncovered, and improvements were recommended. Testing at 1250 K at one atmosphere pressure was then extended to a higher Mach No. (0.5) in combustor flow for 60 hours and 71 thermal cycles. The mean time to failure was 47 hours accumulated during 1 hour exposures in the combustor. Calibration drift was about 0.1 percent per hour, attributable to oxidation of the rhodium in the thin films. An increase in film thickness and application of a protective overcoat are recommended to reduce drift in actual engine testing.
The influence of different parameters on the creep-fatigue behavior of several steel alloys was investigated. The higher the temperature the lower the crack initiation value. Pauses during the cycle reduce the damage. Oxidation reduces and protective gas increases the lifetime. Prior loading and prior deformation reduce the lifetime. Short annealing slightly affects the cycle stress behavior. The test results do not satisfactorily agree with methods of extrapolation and damage accumulation.
The development of pure phase 123 and Bi-based 2223 superconductors has been optimized. The pre-heat processing appears to be a very important parameter in achieving optimal physical properties. The synthesis of pure phases in the Bi-based system involves effects due to oxygen partial pressure, time, and temperature. Orientation/melt-sintering effects include the extreme c-axis orientation of Yttrium 123 and Bismuth 2223, 2212, and 2201 phases. This orientation is conductive to increasing critical currents. A procedure was established to substitute Sr for Ba in Y-123 single crystals.
Two superconducting Tl-Ca-Cu-Ba-O bandpass filters were fabricated for JPL by Superconductor Technologies Incorporated, Santa Barbara, California. The filters were designed to operate at 2.3 GHz (S-band) with a 0.5-dB bandwidth of 60 MHz and at 8.45 GHz (X-band) with a 0.5-dB bandwidth of 150 MHz. The structure selected for both filters incorporates half-wavelength thin-film resonators in a stripline configuration. The S-band filter uses an edge-coupled interdigital design and the X-band filter uses an end-coupled design. The insertion loss and the noise-temperature contribution were measured at 12 K for both filters.