Advanced control strategies to manage electric vehicle drivetrain battery health for Vehicle-to-X applications
Not Available
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “fleet managers”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Depot-Based Vehicle Data for National Analysis of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Electric Vehicle Charging
Medium- and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) are a major source of greenhouse gases and local criteria air pollutants. Electrifying MHDVs may reduce these harmful emissions, which disproportionately impact disadvantaged communities. Due to their relatively high per-vehicle energy needs, consistent fleet operations, and frequent colocation of multiple vehicles at depots, MHDVs may have more spatially and temporally concentrated charging demands than light-duty passenger electric vehicles. That charging concentration means their electrification may require careful advance planning and coordination to manage potential impacts to the electrical grid via charge management or infrastructure upgrades. However, MHDV duty cycles and parking schedules are highly variable across vocations of operation, and there is a shortage of nationally representative, vocationally diverse public data describing typical MHDV operations. This report summarizes the methodology - designed with national representativeness in mind - used to create a new set of data describing typical daily driving distances, dwell durations, and normalized electric vehicle depot charging load curves for MHDVs. The dataset reflects the subset of MHDV operating patterns that may originate from a consistent depot each day and rely on the same depot for charging. In addition to trucks with depot-centric vocational patterns, the data describes operations of transit buses and school buses, each with a depot-centric focus. The dataset is available to the public and suitable for national analysis. It can inform research, infrastructure planning, and policymaking regarding the electrification of MHDVs.
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
INTERFUEL: FAST -- Fueling Center and EVSE Reporting Process Changes
This presentation presents an overview of coming changes to how federal agencies with motor vehicles will submit required information about fueling centers and electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) inventory through the Federal Automotive Statistical Tool (FAST). Historically, information covering these two areas has been provide during two separate data submissions, but is now being consolidated and simplified into a single submission due by December 15 of each year. The presentation provides background on the process, a re-cap of how the information is currently submitted, and describes the new approach for organizations to submit the required information. This presentation is intended for delivery via WebEx/GoToMeeting at the July 8, 2020 meeting of the DOE-sponsored INTERFUEL working group. FAST is a web-based information management tool developed by INL and funded by GSA's Office of Government-wide Policy and DOE's Federal Energy Management Program.
32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
Managing Solar Photovoltaic Integration in the Western United States: Power System Flexibility Requirements and Supply
As penetrations of variable renewable energy generation technologies such as wind and solar photovoltaics (PV) continue to increase across the United States, greater uncertainty and variability in the net load often lead to a concern about how power systems may adapt. Managing the system net load (i.e., load minus contribution from variable generation technologies) may become more challenging with increasing variable generation, as the magnitude and frequency of net ramps increase. However, there is inherent flexibility in power systems through the conventional generator fleet (under least-cost unit commitment and economic dispatch), less-conventional generation sources (e.g., storage, demand response, concentrating solar power with thermal energy storage), and imports and exports with neighbors. In this analysis, we create an open-source tool to analyze the flexibility of the results of a specific commercial unit commitment and economic dispatch tool (PLEXOS), but the code can be applied generically as well. The tool assesses the flexibility requirements (or demand) of a system through a net load analysis. The constraints and limitations of each generator are then considered to determine the availability (or supply) of flexibility. Then, the supply and demand of flexibility are compared to gain a more complete picture of potential flexibility concerns. We apply this open-source tool to high-penetration PV scenarios constructed for three focus regions in the western United States defined using the Resource Planning Model (RPM) capacity expansion modeling tool: RPM-OR, RPM-CO, and RPM-AZ. Generally, we find few flexibility concerns, as the western United States represents a large and interconnected power system with significant inherent flexibility. In addition, the PV scenarios we analyzed are overbuilt on capacity, leaving plenty of ramping ability on the system. We do find that for each focus region, the impact of imports on meeting ramping needs is essential. This means the PV integration in each focus region impacts the entire rest of the system. Each system has different dominant sources of flexibility. The conventional generator fleet (especially coal and gas combined-cycle technologies) as well as less-conventional sources such as storage are all shown to be important sources of flexibility. The scenarios evaluated here were designed to study the planning and operations impact of high solar penetration in each of three focus regions. However, none of the three focus regions likely will deploy PV in isolation, meaning the ability of imports and exports to provide flexibility may be considerably different in scenarios with strong PV deployment in every region. Overall, we intend that the framework we present here will be useful in future analysis of other system evolutions to identify whether and how flexibility may constrain the successful deployment of variable generation technologies.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
Hydrogen Transportation and Distributed Energy Systems Risk Assessment for Airport Facilities (CRADA 555) (Final Report)
Portland International Airport (PDX), Oregon, operated by the Port of Portland (Port) is exploring the possibility of operating a fleet of 28 fuel cell electric buses and developing a distributed energy system to support airport operations during various operating modes including large-scale power outages. This study investigates the compatibility of these two missions, which will be key to resilience management at PDX. This study also investigated the risks associated with deploying a hydrogen system that could support bus operations and be utilized during an emergency to ensure continued operation of the airport. This will be a key innovation for the deployment of hydrogen systems at airports. Utilizing the unique benefits of hydrogen infrastructure for multiple roles will aid adopters in justifying new projects and serve to demonstrate the versatility of hydrogen as an energy-carrier to a wider market.
08 HYDROGEN↗
Next Generation System Analysis Model Recently Added Features and Future Plans - Abstract
The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, as amended (NWPA 1982), established the federal government’s responsibility to accept spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and high-level radioactive waste (HLW) from waste owners and generators for ultimate disposition. SNF generated by the current fleet of commercial nuclear reactors is being stored at the reactor sites in spent fuel pools (SFPs) and in dry independent spent fuel storage installations (ISFSIs). The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) is developing an Integrated Waste Management Program (IWMP) comprising a suite of options and supporting analyses to enable future informed choices. The IWMP is applying integrated waste management system architecture analysis, system engineering, and decision analysis principles to inform potential future decisions regarding potential nuclear waste management system architectures. Architecture analyses of the IWM system are being conducted to support the future deployment of a comprehensive system for managing nuclear waste that considers all major aspects of the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle (i.e., transportation, storage, and disposal). The Next Generation System Analysis Model (NGSAM) is an agent-based simulation software tool designed for the express purpose of modeling the IWM system. NGSAM imports data from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Unified Database (e.g., historic assembly information, thermal profiles for assembly heat, at-reactor dry storage loadings) to ensure that the simulation initializes with a realistic representation of the state of commercial SNF in the United States. Recent major enhancements that have been implemented into NGSAM since NGSAM was last presented at the WM2019 conference include: • Tracking of railroad escort and buffer car acquisition. • Addition of heavy haul and barge routes for some sites, as well as support for user-defined inter-modal routes. • Updates to the logic that checks the thermal maps prior to package transport. • Addition of an allocation method that predicts when reactor sites will pack assemblies from their pools for dry storage and allocates packages to those reactor sites in the preceding periods, favoring direct transport packages and reducing the number of packages that reactor sites pack for dry storage at their ISFSIs. • Addition of reactor site family operational limits, which are used to limit the number of loads from the pool and from dry storage at a given reactor site per year. • Support has been added for multiple canister loading maps and packages having multiple compatible transportation overpacks. • Updates in the handling of non-commercial fuel, including a new database containing data to support the updates. • Support for repackaging at reactor sites. • Implementing additional output reports or modifying existing reports. • User edits can now be created and edited via the NGSAM website. • Ability to load packages for dry storage at ISF pools. • Same-type package blending at DOE sites. • Support for multi-mode transloading at reactor sites. These new features have improved NGSAM capabilities and/or improve the user experience with the model and will be discussed in more detail. The initial NGSAM requirements for advanced reactor fuels, reprocessing, treatment, and conditioning are preliminary and are described at a high level in this paper: analysts will provide more specific requirements to the NGSAM team in the future. Additionally, there are many data needs associated with modeling advanced reactors in NGSAM, but many of the data or plans are still in progress and/or yet to be fully defined. However, this document describes an initial exploration of the data relevant to this program. Advanced reactor data will likely require revision as concepts evolve and new considerations are made. This is a technical paper that does not take into account contractual limitations or obligations under the Standard Contract for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and/or High-Level Radioactive Waste (Standard Contract) (10 CFR Part 961). For example, under the provisions of the Standard Contract, spent nuclear fuel in multi-assembly canisters is not an acceptable waste form, absent a mutually agreed to contract amendment. To the extent discussions or recommendations in this paper conflict with the provisions of the Standard Contract, the Standard Contract governs the obligations of the parties, and this paper in no manner supersedes, overrides, or amends the Standard Contract. This paper reflects technical work which could support future decision making by DOE. No inferences should be drawn from this paper regarding future actions by DOE, which are limited both by the terms of the Standard Contract and Congressional appropriations for the Department to fulfill its obligations under the Nuclear Waste Policy Act including licensing and construction of a spent nuclear fuel repository.
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
Managing negative values is reservoir inflow computation: A case study
Reservoir inflow is conventionally estimated using the water balance method, which involves the reservoir release and the change in storage during the period considered. As a result, the estimated inflow may sometimes be negative as the errors involved in each input variable build-up to the output. In our study, the fleet data was provided by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) for their Norris Hydropower facility. Unlike the flow release data, which was readily accessible, the change in storage had to be calculated using the reservoir elevation and volume relationship. The original inflow estimates produced a wide range of negative values with large outliers, making it difficult to visualize the current trends. This paper describes a methodology to remove the negative values encountered during the inflow computation, and the results were analyzed by correlating with the nearby streamflow gaging stations.
Shibu, Asha↗
Stakeholder Engagement Review Meeting Summary Report
Sustainability in the context of the Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program is the ability to maintain the safe and economic operation of the existing fleet of nuclear power plants now and in the future. It has two objectives with respect to long-term operations: (1) to provide science and technology-based solutions to industry to safely enhance the economical operation of power reactors; and (2) to manage the aging of systems, structures, and components (SSCs) so that nuclear power plants can continue to operate safely and cost-effectively.
42 ENGINEERING↗
Westinghouse advanced fuel management strategies leveraging high enrichment and high burnup fuel to optimize PWR economics
In the US, nuclear power plants have been focused on increasing electricity generation for over three decades via longer operating cycles, reduced number of outages and duration, and the implementation of power up-rates. The potential for zero-carbon emission credits and other carbon-reduction initiatives further makes nuclear power utilities to focus on increasing generation capability. Longer operating cycles provide increased energy generation and enable economic savings to nuclear utilities when the increase in fuel loading required to achieve the extended cycle energy target and resulting increase in total fuel cost is offset by the savings from outage avoidance and reduced replacement power costs. For the current licensed limits of 5 w/o {sup 235}U enrichment and 62 GWd/tU peak pin burnup, higher power density PWR plants, which are prevalent in the PWR fleet, require an excessively penalizing fraction of feed fuel assemblies to operate for the extended cycle duration, with inevitably poor fuel use and fuel cycle economics that cannot be counterbalanced by the savings on outage cost avoidance. To overcome this barrier, the nuclear industry is pursuing development of high enrichment/high burnup fuel technology ({sup 235}U enrichment up to 8 w/o and peak pin burnup up to 75 GWd/tU) which increases fuel energy generation capability and can enable high power density plants to achieve positive economics on 24-month cycle of operation. This paper presents advanced fuel management strategies developed by Westinghouse to enable transition of PWR reactors from 18-month to 24-month cycle of operation, with and without a core thermal power uprate, which are then used as basis to assess the economics of a direct transition from 18 to 24-month cycles with high enrichment/high burnup fuel. The results show that these fuel management strategies, especially if coupled with thermal power up-rates, present the opportunity for substantial economic benefits to utilities. The systematic review of fuel management strategies presented can provide an illustrative reference for decision makers as they consider how to maximize nuclear energy generation economically. (authors)
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
Packetized Energy Management: Coordinating Transmission and Distribution (Final Report)
The project Packetized Energy Management (PEM): Coordinating Transmission and Distribution was part of the ARPA-E NODES program from 2015 to 2023. The high-level goal of the project was to develop and demonstrate novel, scalable, and impactful technologies related to the coordination of networked distributed energy resources (DERs). By demonstrating responsive means by which fleets of DERs could be coordinated to enhance grid operation and reliability, the U.S. could accelerate renewable integration and electrification efforts and meet decarbonization goals.
25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
Complete Evaluation of ION Cost Reduction Opportunities for LWRS Pathways
The Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), plays a pivotal role in enhancing the sustainability, safety, and economic viability of the nation's fleet of nuclear power plants. This program collaborates extensively with industry, vendors, suppliers, regulatory agencies, and research and development organizations within the nuclear energy sector. The overarching goals of the LWRS program are twofold: to provide innovative science and technology-based solutions to the nuclear industry, surpassing current performance models, and to manage the aging of systems, structures, and components (SSCs) to extend the operational lifetimes of nuclear power plants safely, efficiently, and economically. The program focuses on five research and development pathways: Plant Modernization: This pathway seeks to enhance the economic viability of nuclear power plants in evolving energy markets through innovation, efficiency improvements, and digital transformation. The integration of digital technologies into plant operations is a central theme, aiming to create a seamless digital environment that improves plant economics and safety. Flexible Plant Operation and Generation: Research efforts in this pathway explore opportunities for light-water reactors (LWRs) to directly supply energy to industrial processes, diversifying revenue generation approaches and improving economic sustainability.
42 ENGINEERING↗
Modeling Future Demand for EV Charging Infrastructure [Slides]
U.S. climate goals for economy-wide net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 require rapid decarbonization of the light-duty vehicle fleet and plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) are poised to become the preferred technology for achieving this end. Considerable investments in public and private EV charging infrastructure will be needed to support widespread adoption, however, guidance is lacking on when, where, and what types of chargers will be needed. In this PLMA Load Management Dialogue session, researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) discuss findings from a recent quantitative assessment of the charging network requirements to support high penetrations of light-duty EVs by 2030. The study produced multiple detailed network growth trajectories at the national, state, and local levels that serve as a guidepost for future planning. In addition, an overview of NREL's publicly accessible EV infrastructure tools and data sets, designed to support planning and decision-making for EV infrastructure stakeholders, is provided.
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
Informing Cybersecurity Decisions With the Value-at-Risk Framework
Security at every site is critical to making hydropower a strong contributor to the country's grid, but with ongoing development and expanding capabilities, the diversity of the existing hydropower fleet makes across-the-board investment decisions difficult. The threat of cyberattacks naturally increases as the interconnection of Information Technology and Operational Technology networks broadens. Hydropower plants require custom analyses that are specific to the unique challenges and characteristics of any given facility. Facilities, however, often do not have the necessary resources for managers to make informed decisions on investments based on assessed capabilities and risks.
50 EE - Wind and Water Power Program - Water (EE-4↗
Informing Cybersecurity Decisions With the Value-at-Risk Framework
Security at every site is critical to making hydropower a strong contributor to the country's grid, but with ongoing development and expanding capabilities, the diversity of the existing hydropower fleet makes across-the-board investment decisions difficult. The threat of cyberattacks naturally increases as the interconnection of Information Technology and Operational Technology networks broadens. Hydropower plants require custom analyses that are specific to the unique challenges and characteristics of any given facility. Facilities, however, often do not have the necessary resources for managers to make informed decisions on investments based on assessed capabilities and risks.
cybersecurity↗
AFC Metallic Fuel Research and Development 5-Year Plan
The mission of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Fuel Campaign (AFC) program is conducting R&D on nuclear fuel technology that enables near- and long-term implementation of the reactor systems necessary to meet national nuclear energy objectives. Its primary goals align with goals of the DOE Office of Nuclear Energy in sustaining the current LWR fleet through Accident Tolerant Fuels program and Enabling Advanced Reactors. The latter goal is to be achieved through the following subgoals in order of logistical priority: • Establish the qualification basis for reference metallic fuel designs for sodium-cooled fast reactors. • Develop next generation metallic fuel fabrication and design for improved fissile utilization and management. • Develop accelerated fuel development and qualification methodologies. • Identify next generation fuel technologies. The purpose of this document is to serve as a five-year research and development (R&D) plan to achieve the goals identified to support enabling advanced reactor deployment related to metallic fuels starting in 2025. The specific objectives of this document are to: • align program R&D work across technical areas, national laboratories, and with stakeholder interests, and • aid yearly and outyear scope and budgetary planning activities. This plan lays the foundation of databases, capabilities, expertise, and research-commercial-regulatory integration for launching next-generation initiatives in advanced fuel technologies (fuel and cladding) and improved methodologies for achieving accelerated qualification of next generation fuel technologies.
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
Advanced Fuels Campaign: Strategic Vision
The Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) is dedicated to propelling the United States to the forefront of nuclear fuel technology through a comprehensive strategic vision. The vision is structured around five key goals: driving U.S. leadership in nuclear fuel technology, expanding nuclear energy production from the existing fleet, completing the qualification basis for advanced reactor fuel technology, driving innovation in advanced nuclear fuel technology, and enabling a high-performing organization. By focusing on these goals, AFC aims to define and implement cutting-edge nuclear fuel technologies, support industry advancements, achieve critical fuel qualifications, foster innovative research, and ensure effective program management and stakeholder engagement. This strategic approach will solidify the United States’ position as a global leader in nuclear energy and fuel technology, while also preparing for the future of environmentally friendly and reliable nuclear power.
11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
Advanced Fuels Campaign: Strategic Vision
The Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) is dedicated to propelling the United States to the forefront of nuclear fuel technology through a comprehensive strategic vision. The vision is structured around five key goals: driving U.S. leadership in nuclear fuel technology, expanding nuclear energy production from the existing fleet, completing the qualification basis for advanced reactor fuel technology, driving innovation in advanced nuclear fuel technology, and enabling a high-performing organization. By focusing on these goals, AFC aims to define and implement cutting-edge nuclear fuel technologies, support industry advancements, achieve critical fuel qualifications, foster innovative research, and ensure effective program management and stakeholder engagement. This strategic approach will solidify the United States’ position as a global leader in nuclear energy and fuel technology, while also preparing for the future of environmentally friendly and reliable nuclear power.
11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
A Framework to Evaluate the Grid Impacts of EV Fleet Charging Solutions
Growing Electric vehicle (EV) adoption in residential and commercial applications is driving the need for the charging infrastructures required to fulfill the charging needs. The resulting increase in demand for electric power will add a significant load to the electric grid, which could negatively impact the grid operation. EVs are power electronic loads and draw harmonic currents which can lead to a host of power quality issues. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the grid impacts and management of EV charging loads to ensure the reliable operation of the electric grid. In this paper, we develop a framework to help determine power-quality impacts given an EV charging schedule on the system. We compare the performance of unmanaged and managed charging solutions on factors like voltage drop, flicker, harmonic distortion and the peak site load - based on the EV depot in Hazelwood school district. The results allow insights into operation and site design of EV depots.
ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS,POWER TRANSMISSION AND↗