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At least 163 records · Page 9
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(Ga5Mo)8 by Materials Project

Y(MoGa5)8 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Mo and six equivalent Ga atoms. Both Y–Mo bond lengths are 3.15 Å. All Y–Ga bond lengths are 2.97 Å. There are two inequivalent Mo sites. In the first Mo site, Mo is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to one Y and nine Ga atoms. There are a spread of Mo–Ga bond distances ranging from 2.62–2.66 Å. In the second Mo site, Mo is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten Ga atoms. There are a spread of Mo–Ga bond distances ranging from 2.54–2.70 Å. There are eight inequivalent Ga sites. In the first Ga site, Ga is bonded in a cuboctahedral geometry to twelve Ga atoms. There are six shorter (2.92 Å) and six longer (3.04 Å) Ga–Ga bond lengths. In the second Ga site, Ga is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent Mo atoms. In the third Ga site, Ga is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Mo and two equivalent Ga atoms. There are one shorter (2.74 Å) and one longer (2.91 Å) Ga–Ga bond lengths. In the fourth Ga site, Ga is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent Mo and one Ga atom. In the fifth Ga site, Ga is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to two Mo and one Ga atom. In the sixth Ga site, Ga is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Mo and one Ga atom. The Ga–Ga bond length is 2.73 Å. In the seventh Ga site, Ga is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Mo and two equivalent Ga atoms. There are one shorter (2.76 Å) and one longer (3.00 Å) Ga–Ga bond lengths. In the eighth Ga site, Ga is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to one Y, two Mo, and five Ga atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(BO2)6 by Materials Project

Y(BO2)6 crystallizes in the trigonal R3c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O atoms. There are a spread of Y–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.49 Å. There are two inequivalent B sites. In the first B site, B is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O atoms. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.36–1.39 Å. In the second B site, B is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.45–1.51 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Y and two B atoms. In the second O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Y and one B atom. In the third O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Y and two B atoms. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two B atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(Fe2Ge)2 by Materials Project

YFe4Ge2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnnm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to twelve Fe and six equivalent Ge atoms. There are a spread of Y–Fe bond distances ranging from 3.05–3.40 Å. There are two shorter (2.95 Å) and four longer (2.97 Å) Y–Ge bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Fe sites. In the first Fe site, Fe is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y, four Fe, and four equivalent Ge atoms. There are a spread of Fe–Fe bond distances ranging from 2.46–2.64 Å. There are a spread of Fe–Ge bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.68 Å. In the second Fe site, Fe is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y, three equivalent Fe, and three equivalent Ge atoms. There are two shorter (2.41 Å) and one longer (2.42 Å) Fe–Ge bond lengths. Ge is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y and seven Fe atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Observation of the Y(4230) and a new structure in ${\boldsymbol e^+\boldsymbol e^- \boldsymbol\rightarrow \boldsymbol K^+\boldsymbol K^-\boldsymbol J/\boldsymbol\psi}$

The cross sections of $e^+e^- \rightarrow K^+K^-J/\psi$ at center-of-mass energies from 4.127 to 4.600 GeV are measured based on 15.6 fb -1 data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage ring. Two resonant structures are observed in the line shape of the cross sections. The mass and width of the first structure are measured to be ($4225.3\pm2.3\pm21.5$) MeV and ($72.9\pm6.1\pm30.8$) MeV, respectively. They are consistent with those of the established $Y(4230)$. The second structure is observed for the first time with a statistical significance greater than 8σ, denoted as $Y(4500)$. Its mass and width are determined to be ($4484.7\pm13.3\pm24.1$) MeV and ($111.1\pm30.1\pm15.2$) MeV, respectively. The first presented uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. The product of the electronic partial width with the decay branching fraction $\Gamma(Y(4230)\to e^+ e^-) \mathcal{B}(Y(4230) \to K^+ K^- J/\psi)$ is reported.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Performance of a triple-GEM detector with capacitive-sharing 3-coordinate (X–Y–U)-strip anode readout

The concept of capacitive-sharing readout, described in detail in a previous study, offers the possibility for the development of high-performance three-coordinates (X--Y--U)-strip readout for Micro Pattern Gaseous Detectors (MPGDs) using simple standard PCB fabrication techniques. Capacitive-sharing (X--Y--U)-strip readout allows simultaneous measurement of the Cartesian coordinates x and y of the position of the particles together with a third coordinate u along the diagonal axis in a single readout PCB. This provides a powerful tool to address multiple-hit ambiguity and enable pattern recognition capabilities in moderate particle flux environment of collider or fixed target experiments in high energy physics HEP) and nuclear physics (NP). We present in this paper the performance of a 10 cm × 10 cm triple-GEM detector with capacitive-sharing (X--Y--U)-strip anode readout. Spatial resolutions of the order of $\sigma_{x}^{res}$ = 71.6 $\pm$ 0.8 $\mu$m for X-strips, $\sigma_{y}^{res}$ = 56.2 $\pm$ 0.9 $\mu$m for Y-strips and $\sigma_{u}^{res}$ = 75.2 $\pm$ 0.9 $\mu$m for U-strips have been obtained at a beam test at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab). Modifications of the readout design of future prototypes to improve the spatial resolution and challenges in scaling to large-area MPGDs are discussed.

(X-Y-U) strip↗
DOE OSTI2022

Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi, Sn): High Chemical Flexibility Resulting in Good Nonlinear-Optical Properties

Seven acentric sulfides Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi, Sn) were grown by a high-temperature salt flux method. The crystal structures of the Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi, Sn) compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction with the aid of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. The Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi) compounds are isostructural and crystallize in the Ba 6 Ag 4 Sn 4 S 16 structure type. The Sn-containing compound exhibits high structural similarity to Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi) with the presence of an interstitial atomic position partially occupied by Sn atoms. The chemical bonding characteristics of Ba 6 (Cu 2.9 Sn 0.4 )Sn 4 S 16 were understood with electron localization function calculations coupled with crystal orbital Hamilton population calculations. The Ba–S and Cu–S interactions are dominantly ionic, but the Sn–S interactions consist of strong covalent bonding characteristics in Ba 6 (Cu 2.9 Sn 0.4 )Sn 4 S 16 . The monovalent Cu atoms, mixed with certain metals with various oxidation states, significantly shift the optical properties of the Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi) compounds. This results in a good balance between the second-harmonic-generation (SHG) response and laser damage threshold (LDT). Ba 6 (Cu 1.9 Zn 1.1 )Sn 4 S 16 possesses a high SHG response and a high LDT of 2.8 × AGS and 3 × AGS, respectively. Here, a density functional theory calculation revealed that CuS 4 and SnS 4 tetrahedra significantly contribute to the SHG response in Ba 6 (Cu 2 Mg)Sn 4 S 16 , which also confirmed that CuS 4 tetrahedra are crucial for the stability and optical properties of the Ba 6 (Cu x Z y )Sn 4 S 16 (Z = Mg, Mn, Zn, Cd, In, Bi, Sn) compounds revealed by electronic structure analysis.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Operando Characterization of Fe in Doped Ni x (Fe 1– x )O y H z Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Evolution

Iron-doped nickel oxyhydroxides, Ni x (Fe 1– x )O y H z , are among the most promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts in alkaline environments. Although iron (Fe) significantly enhances the catalytic activity, there is still no clear consensus on whether Fe directly participates in the reaction or merely acts as a promoter. To elucidate the Fe’s role, we performed operando X-ray spectroscopy studies supported by DFT on Ni x (Fe 1– x )O y H z electrocatalysts. We probed the reversible changes in the structure and electronic character of Ni x (Fe 1– x )O y H z as the electrode potential is cycled between the resting (here at 1.10 V RHE ) and operational states (1.66 V RHE ). DFT calculations and XAS simulations on a library of Fe structures in various NiO y H z environments are in favor of a distorted local octahedral Fe(III)O 3 (OH) 3 configuration at the resting state with the NiO y H z scaffold going from α-Ni(OH) 2 to γ-NiOOH as the potential is increased. Under catalytic conditions, EXAFS and HERFD spectra reveal changes in p-d mixing (covalency) relative to the resting state between O/OH ligands and Fe leading to a shift from octahedral to square pyramidal coordination at the Fe site. XES measurements and theoretical simulations further support that the Fe equilibrium structure remains in a formal Fe(III) state under both resting and operational conditions. These spectral changes are attributed to potential dependent structural rearrangements around Fe. The results suggest that ligand dissociation leads to the C 4v symmetry as the most stable intermediate of the Fe during OER. This implies that Fe has a weakly coordinated or easily dissociable ligand that could serve to coordinate the O–O bond formation and, tentatively, play an active role in the Ni x (Fe 1– x )O y H z electrocatalyst.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

Bonding similarities and differences between Y–Sb–Te and Sc–Sb–Te phase-change memory materials

The scandium (Sc) – alloyed Sb 2 Te 3 phase-change alloy has recently been found to enable ultrafast crystal nucleation due to the formation of Sc-stabilized octahedral motifs in the amorphous phase, rendering cache-type phase-change memory feasible. When yttrium (Y) is added, however, non-octahedral bonding patterns form in the amorphous Sb 2 Te 3 -based network even though Y has a valence electron configuration similar to that of Sc and also forms perfect octahedral bonding environments with tellurium in the YTe crystal. Here we elucidate the origin of this difference between Sc and Y, by carrying out thorough ab initio simulations and orbital-based bonding analyses on amorphous Y–Sb–Te and Sc–Sb–Te compounds. We also demonstrate how the smooth overlap of atomic positions (SOAP) similarity kernel can be used to quantify the structural similarity of local motifs in the amorphous phase with respect to various crystalline yttrium and scandium tellurides, both in the nearest-neighbor shell and beyond. We discover that the bonding contrast of Y- and Sc-centered structural motifs in amorphous Sb 2 Te 3 stems from their parent crystals at high Te concentrations. The larger atomic radius of Y and the weaker charge transfer when bonded with Te is found to allow more Te neighbors and cause a more open bonding environment, leading to higher coordination numbers and non-octahedral environments. We discuss the implications of the different local environments for practical applications in memory devices.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Phase diagrams and polarization reversal in nanosized Hf x Zr 1–x O 2–y

To describe the polar properties of nanosized Hf x Zr 1–x O 2–y , we evolve the “effective” Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire (LGD) model based on the parametrization of the Landau expansion coefficients for polar and antipolar orderings. We have shown that the effective LGD model can predict the influence of screening conditions and size effects on phase diagrams, polarization reversal, and structural properties of nanosized Hf x Zr 1–x O 2–y of various shapes and sizes. To verify the model, we use the available experimental results for Hf x Zr 1–x O 2 thin films and oxygen-deficient HfO2–y nanoparticles prepared under different annealing conditions. X-ray diffraction, which was used to determine the phase composition of the HfO 2–y nanoparticles, revealed the formation of a ferroelectric orthorhombic phase in them. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to explore the correlation of lattice dynamics and structural changes that depend on the oxygen vacancy concentration in the HfO 2–y nanoparticles. Since our approach allows us to determine the conditions (shape, sizes, Zr content, and/or oxygen vacancy amount) for which nanosized Hf x Zr 1–x O 2–y are ferroelectric or antiferroelectric, we hope that the obtained results are useful for creation of next generation Si-compatible ferroelectric gate oxide nanomaterials.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program Groundwater and Surface Water Sampling and Analysis Plan (CY 2021)

This plan provides a description of the groundwater and surface water quality monitoring activities planned for calendar year (CY) 2021 at the U.S. Department of Energy Y-12 National Security Complex (Y-12) that will be managed by the Y-12 Groundwater Protection Program (GWPP). Groundwater and surface water monitoring is performed by the GWPP. Groundwater and surface water monitoring will be performed in three hydrogeologic regimes at Y-12: the Bear Creek Hydrogeologic Regime (Bear Creek Regime), the Upper East Fork Poplar Creek Hydrogeologic Regime (East Fork Regime), and the Chestnut Ridge Hydrogeologic Regime (Chestnut Ridge Regime). The Bear Creek and East Fork regimes are located in Bear Creek Valley and the Chestnut Ridge Regime is located south of Y-12. Additional surface water monitoring will be performed north of Pine Ridge along the boundary of the Oak Ridge Reservation. The following sections of this report provide details regarding the CY 2021 groundwater and surface water monitoring activities. Section 2 describes the monitoring locations in each regime and the processes used to select the sampling locations. A description of the field measurements and laboratory analytes is provided in Section 3. Sample collection methods and procedures are described in Section 4, and Section 5 lists the documents cited for more detailed operational and technical information. The narrative sections of the report reference several appendices. Figures (maps and diagrams) and tables (excluding a data summary table presented in Section 4) are in Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively. Groundwater Monitoring Schedules (when issued throughout CY 2021) will be inserted in Appendix C, and addenda to this plan (if issued) will be inserted in Appendix D. Laboratory requirements (bottle lists, holding times, etc.) are provided in Appendix E, and an approved Waste Management Plan is provided in Appendix F. Modifications to the CY 2021 monitoring program may be necessary during implementation. Changes in programmatic requirements may alter the analytes specified for selected monitoring wells or may add or remove wells from the planned monitoring network. Each modification to the monitoring program will be approved by the Y-12 GWPP manager and documented as an addendum to this sampling and analysis plan.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(BC)2 by Materials Project

YB2C2 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_2/mmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent B and eight equivalent C atoms. All Y–B bond lengths are 2.75 Å. All Y–C bond lengths are 2.72 Å. B is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y and two equivalent C atoms. Both B–C bond lengths are 1.60 Å. C is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, two equivalent B, and one C atom. The C–C bond length is 1.43 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(FeGe)2 by Materials Project

YFe2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Fe and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Y–Fe bond lengths are 3.23 Å. All Y–Ge bond lengths are 3.10 Å. Fe is bonded to four equivalent Y and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge, face, and corner-sharing FeY4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Fe–Ge bond lengths are 2.35 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, four equivalent Fe, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.61 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(SiRh)2 by Materials Project

YRh2Si2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Rh and eight equivalent Si atoms. All Y–Rh bond lengths are 3.23 Å. All Y–Si bond lengths are 3.13 Å. Rh is bonded to four equivalent Y and four equivalent Si atoms to form a mixture of distorted face, edge, and corner-sharing RhY4Si4 tetrahedra. All Rh–Si bond lengths are 2.41 Å. Si is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, four equivalent Rh, and one Si atom. The Si–Si bond length is 2.44 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(CuGe)2 by Materials Project

YCu2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Cu and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Y–Cu bond lengths are 3.29 Å. All Y–Ge bond lengths are 3.12 Å. Cu is bonded to four equivalent Y and four equivalent Ge atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing CuY4Ge4 tetrahedra. All Cu–Ge bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, four equivalent Cu, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.47 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(SiIr)2 by Materials Project

YIr2Si2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ir and eight equivalent Si atoms. All Y–Ir bond lengths are 3.23 Å. All Y–Si bond lengths are 3.13 Å. Ir is bonded to four equivalent Y and four equivalent Si atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner, edge, and face-sharing IrY4Si4 tetrahedra. All Ir–Si bond lengths are 2.41 Å. Si is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, four equivalent Ir, and one Si atom. The Si–Si bond length is 2.43 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(NiGe)2 by Materials Project

YNi2Ge2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Ni and eight equivalent Ge atoms. All Y–Ni bond lengths are 3.19 Å. All Y–Ge bond lengths are 3.14 Å. Ni is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y and four equivalent Ge atoms. All Ni–Ge bond lengths are 2.36 Å. Ge is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Y, four equivalent Ni, and one Ge atom. The Ge–Ge bond length is 2.53 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(BRh)4 by Materials Project

YRh4B4 crystallizes in the tetragonal P4_2/nmc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to twelve equivalent Rh and twelve equivalent B atoms. There are four shorter (2.97 Å) and eight longer (3.18 Å) Y–Rh bond lengths. There are eight shorter (3.04 Å) and four longer (3.16 Å) Y–B bond lengths. Rh is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y and five equivalent B atoms. There are a spread of Rh–B bond distances ranging from 2.21–2.25 Å. B is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Y, five equivalent Rh, and one B atom. The B–B bond length is 1.81 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Y(Zn10Ru)2 by Materials Project

Y(RuZn10)2 crystallizes in the cubic Fd-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Y is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to sixteen Zn atoms. There are four shorter (3.09 Å) and twelve longer (3.16 Å) Y–Zn bond lengths. Ru is bonded to twelve Zn atoms to form RuZn12 cuboctahedra that share corners with six equivalent RuZn12 cuboctahedra, edges with eighteen equivalent ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra, and faces with six equivalent ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra. There are six shorter (2.53 Å) and six longer (2.77 Å) Ru–Zn bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Zn sites. In the first Zn site, Zn is bonded to one Y, one Ru, and ten Zn atoms to form distorted ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra that share corners with fifteen equivalent ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra, edges with two equivalent ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra, edges with three equivalent RuZn12 cuboctahedra, a faceface with one RuZn12 cuboctahedra, and faces with fifteen equivalent ZnYZn10Ru cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Zn–Zn bond distances ranging from 2.66–3.05 Å. In the second Zn site, Zn is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent Y and twelve equivalent Zn atoms. In the third Zn site, Zn is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two equivalent Ru and six equivalent Zn atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗