Measurement of the relative branching ratio of B s 0 → J / ψ f 0 ( 980 ) to B s 0 → J / ψ ϕ
Not Available
Abazov, V. M.↗
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Measurement of the branching ratio of B ¯ → D ( * ) τ - ν ¯ τ relative to B ¯ → D ( * ) ℓ - ν ¯ ℓ decays with hadronic tagging at Belle
In this article we report a measurement of the branching fraction ratios R ( D ( * ) ) of B ¯ → D ( * ) τ - ν ¯ τ relative to B ¯ → D ( * ) ℓ - ν ¯ ℓ (where ℓ = e or μ ) using the full Belle data sample of 772 × 10 6 B B ¯ pairs collected at the Υ ( 4 S ) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e + e - collider. The measured values are R ( D ) = 0.375 ± 0.064 ( stat ) ± 0.026 ( syst ) and R ( D * ) = 0.293 ± 0.038 ( stat ) ± 0.015 ( syst ) . The analysis uses hadronic reconstruction of the tag-side B meson and purely leptonic τ decays. The results are consistent with earlier measurements and do not show a significant deviation from the standard model prediction.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Peak Locations and Relative Phase of Different Decay Modes of the a 1 Axial Vector Resonance in Diffractive Production
Not Available
Basdevant, Jean-Louis↗
Managing EHS of PV-Related Equipment at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory: Preprint
Managing environment, health, and safety (EHS) risks at a national laboratory, or university, can be intimidating to a researcher who is focused on research results. Laboratory research and development (R&D) operations are often driven by scientists with limited engineering support and lack well-refined equipment development resources. To add to the burden for a researcher, there is a plethora ofcodes, standards, and regulations that govern the safe installation and operation of photovoltaic-related R&D equipment -- especially those involving hazardous production materials. To help guide the researcher through the vast list of requirements, the EHS office at NREL has taken a variety of steps. Organizationally, the office has developed hazard-specific laboratory-level procedures togovern particular activities. These procedures are a distillation of appropriate international codes, fire agencies, SEMI standards, U.S. Department of Energy orders, and other industry standards to those necessary and sufficient to govern the safe operation of a given activity. The EHS office works proactively with researchers after a concept for a new R&D capability is conceived to help guidethe safe design, acquisition, installation, and operation of the equipment. It starts with a safety assessment at the early stages such that requirements are implemented to determine the level of risk and degree of complexity presented by the activity so appropriate controls can be put in place to manage the risk. As the equipment requirements and design are refined, appropriate equipmentstandards are applied. Before the 'to-build' specifications are finalized, a process hazard analysis is performed to ensure that no single-point failure presents an unacceptable risk. Finally, as the tool goes through construction and installation stages, reviews are performed at logical times to ensure that the requisite engineering controls and design are in place and operational.Authorization to operate is not given until adherence to these requirements is fully verified and documented. Operations continue under the conditions defined through this process and are reviewed with changing processes.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
Global brain asymmetry is increased in schizophrenia and related to avolition
Not provided.
Psychiatry↗
XYLEM NAC DOMAIN1, an angiosperm NAC transcription factor, inhibits xylem differentiation through conserved motifs that interact with RETINOBLASTOMA‐RELATED
Summary The Arabidopsis thaliana gene XYLEM NAC DOMAIN1 ( XND1 ) is upregulated in xylem tracheary elements. Yet overexpression of XND1 blocks differentiation of tracheary elements. The molecular mechanism of XND1 action was investigated. Phylogenetic and motif analyses indicated that XND1 and its homologs are present only in angiosperms and possess a highly conserved C‐terminal region containing linear motifs (CKII‐acidic, LXCXE, E2F TD ‐like and LXCXE‐mimic) predicted to interact with the cell cycle and differentiation regulator RETINOBLASTOMA‐RELATED (RBR). Protein–protein interaction and functional analyses of XND1 deletion mutants were used to test the importance of RBR‐interaction motifs. Deletion of either the LXCXE or the LXCXE‐mimic motif reduced both the XND1–RBR interaction and XND1 efficacy as a repressor of differentiation, with loss of the LXCXE motif having the strongest negative impacts. The function of the XND1 C‐terminal domain could be partially replaced by RBR fused to the N‐terminal domain of XND1. XND1 also transactivated gene expression in yeast and plants. The properties of XND1, a transactivator that depends on multiple linear RBR‐interaction motifs to inhibit differentiation, have not previously been described for a plant protein. XND1 harbors an apparently angiosperm‐specific combination of interaction motifs potentially linking the general differentiation regulator RBR with a xylem‐specific pathway for inhibition of differentiation.
Zhao, Chengsong↗
TU-A-BRE-01: The Relative Biological Effectiveness of Proton Beams Relative to Photon Beams
Proton therapy patients receive a 10% lower physical dose than the dose administered using photons, i.e. the proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) is 1.1 in comparison to high-energy photons. The use of a generic, spatially invariant RBE within tumor targets and normal tissue structures disregards a large body of evidence indicating that proton RBE tends to increase with increasing linear energy transfer (LET). Because the doseaveraged proton LET in the distal edge of a spread out Bragg peak (SOBP) is larger than the LET in the plateau region or proximal edge of a SOBP, the use of a spatially invariant RBE is not well justified from a mechanistic point of view. On the other hand, the available clinical data on local tumor control rates and early or late side effects do not provide strong evidence against the continued use of a constant and spatially invariant clinical RBE. The only potential downside to the ongoing use of a constant RBE of 1.1 seems to be that we are missing a potential opportunity to enhance the therapeutic ratio, i.e., design proton therapy treatments in ways that exploit, rather than mitigate, spatial variations in proton RBE. Speakers in this symposium will: 1-review the laboratory and clinical evidence for and against the continued use of a spatially invariant RBE of 1.1, 2-examine some of the putative mechanisms connecting spatial variations in particle LET to estimates of the proton RBE at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels 3-assess the possible clinical significance of incorporating models for spatial variations in proton RBE into treatment planning systems. 4-discuss treatment planning and delivery techniques that will exploit the spatial variations of RBE within proton beams. Learning Objectives: To review laboratory and clinical evidence for and against the continued use of a constant RBE of 1.1 To understand major mechanisms connecting proton LET to RBE at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. To quantify the potential opportunities and potential pitfalls of neglecting spatial variations in proton RBE in treatment plans To understand the minimum requirements required to design proton treatment plans that benefit from a spatially changing RBE and discuss some of the technological challenges they may require.
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
Crystal structure of a new chain diborate TmH[B{sub 2}O{sub 5}] and its comparison with related compound GdH[B{sub 2}O{sub 5}] based on the pseudosymmetry and the group-subgroup relation
Crystals of a new rare-earth chain diborate TmH[B{sub 2}O{sub 5}], space group C2/c, are obtained under hydrothermal conditions. The structure is determined without preliminary knowledge of the chemical formula. It is close to that of the GdH[B{sub 2}O{sub 5}] diborate studied earlier, but has a different orientation of the monoclinicity axis. In both structures the arrangement of atoms follows the pattern of the orthorhombic pseudosupergroup Cmca, which is most distinctly violated by the displacements of the rare-earth atoms. Their common anionic chain radical consists of diborate groups, namely, BO{sub 3} triangles and BO{sub 4} tetrahedra, 2[1T + 1{Delta}]. It is shown that the existence of two varieties that are based on the hypothetical orthorhombic prototype is determined by the pseudosymmetry and the difference between the ionic radii of the elements located at the middle and the end of the rare-earth series. The twinning and poor quality of the crystals are related to the effect of the m pseudoplane of the supergroup and cleavage. The structures of natural megaborates that contain diborate chains in complex boron-oxygen radicals are discussed.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Effects of Porous Carbon Morphology, Agglomerate Structure and Relative Humidity on Local O 2 Transport Resistance
The morphology and ionomer distribution in a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathode electrode are quantified with nano-scale resolution X-ray computed tomography (nano-CT). Using the nano-CT data, different shapes, sizes and compositions of agglomerates are extracted. Statistical information from multiple techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultra-small angle X-ray scattering (USAXS), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) gas adsorption porosimetry are combined to reconstruct the high surface-area porous carbon (HSC) support, exterior (on the surface of carbon) and interior (inside carbon pores) catalysts, ionomer, and primary pores in the extracted agglomerates. Application of capillary condensation theory to the reconstructed agglomerate structure is shown to accurately represent the experimentally-observed relative humidity (RH) dependence of the electrochemically-active surface area (ECA). Direct numerical simulations show that the high local O 2 transport resistance ( R O 2 ) under dry conditions is mainly associated with the reduced ECA. We demonstrate that the agglomerate shape and size affect R O 2 only if the primary pores are poorly accessible (i.e., capillary-condensed water filled primary pores). We also evaluate the effect of transport to the interior catalyst particles on R O 2 .
agglomerate↗
Attack Scenarios Relating to Army Facility-Related Control Systems: Quantifying the Cost to Secure and Cost Savings of the Army’s FRCS Program
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) analyzed the cyber-threat environment to U.S. Army facilities. This report describes three key factors in securing Army-owned facility-related control systems (FRCS). First, Section 1.0 provides background information about the project. Section 2.0 describes the various types of cyber-attacks. Section 3.0 provides a series of attack scenarios from real-world use cases are described in Section 3. These examples are relevant to the Army because the targeted systems or operating environments are like those used at Army installations. An estimated range for the cost to secure these systems is described in Section 4.0. Finally, the cost savings of preventing these kinds of attacks are described in Section 5.0.
45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
Nonlinear Color–Metallicity Relations of Globular Clusters. VII. Nonlinear Absorption-line Index versus Metallicity Relations and Bimodal Index Distributions of NGC 5128 Globular Clusters
Spectroscopy on the globular cluster (GC) system of NGC 5128 revealed bimodality in absorption-line index distributions of its old GCs. GC division is a widely observed and studied phenomenon whose interpretation has depicted host galaxy formation and evolution such that it harbors two distinct metallicity groups. Such a conventional view of GC bimodality has mainly been based on photometry. The recent GC photometric data, however, presented an alternative perspective in which the nonlinear metallicity-to-color transformation is responsible for color bimodality of GC systems. Here we apply the same line of analysis to the spectral indices and examine the absorption-line index versus metallicity relations for the NGC 5128 GC system. NGC 5128 GCs display nonlinearity in the metallicity-index planes, most prominently for the Balmer lines and by a non-negligible degree for the metallicity-sensitive magnesium line. We demonstrate that the observed spectroscopic division of NGC 5128 GCs can be caused by the nonlinear nature of the metallicity-to-index conversions and thus one does not need to resort to two separate GC subgroups. Our analysis incorporating this nonlinearity provides a new perspective on the structure of NGC 5128's GC system, and a further piece to the global picture of the formation of GC systems and their host galaxies.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
Relative intensity calculations for carbon dioxide. V - Relative intensities of the more abundant isotopes
Relative rotational lines intensities of carbon dioxide, considering sigma-sigma transitions for abundant isotopes
Young, L. D. G.↗
Relative motion of orbiting particles under the influence of perturbing forces. Volume 3: Construction of relative motion traces
Geometric traces can be simply constructed to illustrate the relative motions experienced by particles in a number of problem situations. These diagrams describe the displacements and hodographs which arise as a consequence of initial value inputs and selected disturbance (force) conditions. Due to the linearization which is imposed on the mathematical formulation there is a separation of the in-plane and out-of-plane coordinate solutions. The construction of in-plane traces is easier to represent and to visualize. The out-of-plane geometries are the more complicated cases and generally need some added specializations in order to acquire figures which have some degree of symmetry and simplicity.
Eades, J. B., Jr.↗
Crosscutting relations and relative ages of ridges and faults in the Tharsis region of Mars
The results of a detailed photogeologic analysis and classification of ridge-fault cross-cutting relationships on ridged plains units of the Tharsis region is reported. The problems involved in using the morphology of ridge-fault intersections to determine relative timing of structural events are discussed. The implications of using intersection angles as well as morphology to determine possible age relationships for the tectonic history of the region are presented. It is concluded that the major ridge-forming events in the Tharsis region were roughly coincident with, and possibly prior to, the extensional events that produced the faulting of the Tempe and Mareotis regions, the Coprates and Memnonia regions, and the rifting of the Valles Marineris. The compressional events that formed most of the ridges are restricted in time both by their relationship to regional extensional events and by the age of the units on which they formed.
Watters, T. R.↗
Primary task event-related potentials related to different aspects of information processing
The results of two studies which investigated the relationships between cognitive processing and components of transient event-related potentials (ERPs) are presented in a task in which mental workload was manipulated. The task involved the monitoring of an array of discrete readouts for values that went out of bounds, and was somewhat analogous to tasks performed in cockpits. The ERPs elicited by the changing readouts varied with the number of readouts being monitored, the number of monitored readouts that were close to going out of bounds, and whether or not the change took a monitored readout out of bounds. Moreover, different regions of the waveform differentially reflected these effects. The results confirm the sensitivity of scalp-recorded ERPs to the cognitive processes affected by mental workload and suggest the possibility of extracting useful ERP indices of primary task performance in a wide range of man-machine settings.
Munson, Robert C.↗
Global distribution and characteristics of coronae and related features on Venus - Implications for origin and relation to mantle processes
The increased coverage and resolution of Magellan images and altimetry data have resulted in significant new identifications of coronae and coronalike features and more detailed information on corona morphology, topography, and distribution. The distribution of coronae and coronalike features in Magellan data are assessed in the light of the proposed hotspot origin of these features. The basic characteristics of coronae are then compared with other possible hotspot features on Venus (e.g., major volcanic shields and domelike highlands) in a first-order assessment of the implications of mantle plume-related features on Venus for interior convective processes.
Stofan, Ellen R.↗
Exchange Forces in Dispersion Relations Investigated Using Circuit Relations
We propose a novel method to compute in an exact manner the left-hand cut discontinuity of the electron-Atom partial wave scattering amplitude in the complex energy plane within the static stage approximation. Zero energy dispersion relations for electron-Hydrogen scattering are computed numerically for illustration.
Vrinceanu, D.↗