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At least 163 records · Page 9

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DOE OSTI2023

Analysis of thermal radiation of a gas-particulate-cloud in a pressurized oxy-coal combustor

Pressurized oxy-combustion (POC) aims to reduce carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants. In the POC process, pulverized coal is burned at elevated pressure in an O2-CO2 environment. The elevated pressure and high CO2 and H2O concentrations strongly impact thermal radiation, thereby significantly distinguishing POC system from conventional atmospheric-pressure air-fired and oxy-fuel combustion. Consequently, a thorough understanding of thermal radiation in POC is required to promote the development of novel combustors. The present computational work analyzes thermal radiation of the gaseous and particle phases in the pilot-scale POC combustor in Washington University in St. Louis. Particularly, the radiation characteristics of the gaseous and particulate cloud were estimated by employing the statistical narrow band model and the large-particle model. It is found that thermal radiation of a particulate cloud dominates in the combustor under the conditions of a furnace temperature of 1500 K and no substantial particle loss. Another important result is that the gas-and-particulate cloud can be approximately treated as a graybody under the same conditions. To be more specific, the results of spectral radiation intensity of a gas comprised of 40% (vol) H2O and 60% CO2 show that when the pressure is increased to 15 bar, and the radiation pathlength to 100 cm, the spectral radiation profile of the gas phase approaches that of a blackbody at the respective temperature. In addition, the emissivity of the particulate cloud has been evaluated as a function of the particle concentration and diameter by means of the large particle model. It is shown that the emissivity grows with the particle concentration but decreases with the particle size for the same mass of a particulate cloud. The emissivity of a particulate cloud in oxy- combustion exceeds that in air-fired combustion. This work could be used to validate the assumption of the gray gas model adopted in numerical simulations.

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2023

A numerical investigation of coal particle modeling for the inlet section of a pressurized oxy-combustion burner

Concerns over climate change have led to numerous efforts to develop low-carbon technologies, and pressurized oxy-combustion (POC) is a promising candidate to reduce carbon emissions in the power industry. Designing an effective burner for such technologies is vital for the development of these and other coal combustion technologies. Because of the high pressure, the volume fraction of coal particles at the fuel inlet of the pressurized oxy-combustor burner is close to or even higher than the maximum limit for commercial CFD codes (e.g., ANSYS FLUENT). At these high particle volume fractions, the interactions among particles, fluid flow and wall need to be re-evaluated. The present computational work is a first step in a systematic analysis of the influence of various parameters, like method of particle release, release location, and particle size, in a pilot-scale POC combustor, developed at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL). In the POC process, pulverized coal is burned under elevated pressure in an O2-CO2 environment. Specifically, a 15-bar, 100 kWth, POC combustor is modeled employing Ansys FLUENT commercial sodtware using the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach. It is revealed that for this pilot-scale, pressurized burner, velocity profiles in the near-wall region exhibit some anomalies. In order to investigate the influence of particle loading in the near-wall region, particle release location was investigated. The numerical simulations incorporate the coupling between the turbulent flow and the particles. A sensitivity investigation of particle release location found that by tuning the release location, the velocity profile can be consistent with the pure gas flow velocity profile. More importantly, the particle releasing location also affects flame stability. Particle size was also found to have a significant impact on particle trajectory, flame stability and temperature. Finally, Large Eddy Simulations (LES) were performed and compared with the results from two-dimensional RANS.

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2022

Thermal radiation analysis of a pressurized oxy-coal combustor with discrete ordinate model

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2022

Impact of particle size and particle-flow-wall coupling on pressurized oxy-combustion in the down-fired burner

Concerns over climate change have led to numerous efforts in developing low-carbon energy technologies. Pressurized oxy-combustion (POC) is a promising candidate to reduce carbon emissions in power generation. Designing an effective burner plays a vital role in developing new coal combustion technologies. Because of the high pressure, the volume fraction of coal particles at the fuel inlet of the burner of a pressurized oxy-combustor is close or even higher than the maximum limit that commercial CFD codes (e.g., ANSYS FLUENT) can handle. At this high particle volume fraction, the interactions among particles, fluid flow, and wall need to be re-evaluated. The present computational work is the first step of a systematic analysis of the particle influence, like releasing method, releasing locating, and particle size, in a pilot-scale POC combustor, developed at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL). In a POC process, pulverized coal is burned under elevated pressure and O2-CO2 environment. Specifically, a 15-bar, 100 kWth, POC combustor is modeled employing ANSYS FLUENT, using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) modeling. It is revealed that for this pilot-scale, pressurized burner, velocity profiles of the near-wall region in this POC facility exhibit some discrepancy against the near-wall turbulent flow velocity profile. In order to investigate the particle influence in the near-wall region, particle releasing location will be investigated. Numerical simulation results exhibit the coupling effect of turbulence flow and particles in this case. The particle size also demonstrates a great effect on particle trajectory, then further has an impact on flame stability and temperature.

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2021

Effects of turbulence-radiation coupling in pressurized oxy-combustion

Concerns over climate change have led to numerous efforts in developing low-carbon energy technologies. Pressurized oxy-combustion (POC) is a promising candidate to reduce carbon emission in power generation. Due to the strong impact of pressure on thermal radiation, heat transfer in POC differs significantly from the situation of conventional atmospheric pressure combustion. Thus thermal radiation in POC needs to be investigated to aid new combustor development. The present computational work is a step in this direction, initiating a systematic analysis of thermal radiation and heat transfer in a pilot-scale POC combustor, which has been developed at Washington University in St. Louis (WUSTL). In a POC process, pulverized coal is burned under elevated pressure and O2-CO2 environment. While most previous computational works on flame radiation focused on atmospheric pressure condition, this work considered a pressurized flame. Specifically, a 15-bar POC combustor of power 50 kW is modeled employing the Ansys FLUENT commercial platform, using both Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) modeling and large-eddy simulation (LES). A recently published and validated global radiation model is used to predict the radiative property of the flue gas. The discrete ordinates (DO) radiation model is chosen to solve the radiative transport equation. Incident radiation on the walls of the combustor is identified and investigated. It is revealed that for this pilot-scale, pressurized combustor, thermal radiation exhibits similar patterns in the RANS and LES models. However, the magnitudes of radiation are different in both models, presumably because interactions between radiation and turbulence are embedded in the LES model but not in the RANS model. This difference thereby underlines the major goal of this research: investigating the impact of such turbulence-to-radiation coupling on thermal radiation in a pilot-scale POC setting. Most previous studies on turbulence-to-radiation interactions focused on bench-scale, atmospheric pressure flames. This work is the first effort to extend this study to a pilot-scale, pressurized flame.

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2026

Transformational Molecular Layer Deposition Tailor-Made Size-Sieving Sorbents for Post-Combustion CO 2 Capture

This report summarizes the carbon capture research and development conducted by The State University of New York at Buffalo (UB), University of South Carolina (USC), GTI Energy (GTI), and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) for U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) project DE-FE0031730 titled “Transformational Molecular Layer Deposition Tailor-made Size-Sieving Sorbents for Post-Combustion CO 2 capture.” The objective of this project was to develop a transformational molecular layer deposition (MLD) tailor-made size-sieving sorbent integrated with a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) cycle schedule that can be installed in new or retrofitted into existing pulverized coal (PC) power plants for CO 2 capture with a cost of electricity at least 30% lower than a supercritical PC power with CO 2 capture, or approximately $\$$30 per tonne of CO 2 captured, and with it being ready for demonstration by 2030.

20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗

DOE OSTI2026

Cluster Dynamics Simulations of Intra-Granular Fission Gas Bubble Size and Pressure Evolution in UO 2

Fission gases such as xenon (Xe) play a critical role in determining the behavior and response of nuclear fuel. Given that Xe has little solubility in UO 2 , it accumulates and forms bubbles, which significantly impact fuel performance. Intra- and inter-granular bubble nucleation and growth can lead to fuel swelling, and once bubbles interconnect at grain boundaries, fission gas can be released into the plenum. At low temperatures, limited uranium vacancy mobility can restrict swelling, therefore causing the bubbles to become highly pressurized. Consequently, this can induce micro-cracking, promote fission gas release (increasing the likelihood of cladding failure), and even lead to fuel pulverization under accident conditions such as a loss of coolant accident. As bubble evolution is strongly influenced by local temperature and fission rate, markedly different behavior occurs across the radial profile of the fuel pellet. Capturing the mechanisms that underpin bubble evolution is therefore important to predict these behaviors in the fuel. Previous models describing important mechanisms informed by lower length scale simulations have been developed under the NEAMS program. These can describe the evolution of a single bubble type (i.e., single value for radius and pressure) at each position in the pellet, for instance using the Centipede cluster dynamic code. However, in reality, a full distribution in bubble sizes and pressures exists within the microstructure at a given position in the pellet. To address this the cluster dynamics code Xolotl, which can predict Xe and vacancy phase space (i.e., bubble distributions) for intra-granular bubbles, has been used before. Prior work benchmarked the Xolotl code against the Centipede cluster dynamics code to ensure compatibility and to verify that mobile defect properties are adequately transferred between the two codes, along with some physics improvements. In this work, we go further by introducing a physics-based set of improvements that will allow us to accurately predict bubble size distributions and internal bubble pressures under representative UO 2 irradiation conditions. The improvements include (i) coupling bubble-defect reaction energies to a virial equation of state (EOS), (ii) including a bubble surface tension contribution, (iii) incorporating radiation-induced re-solution of Xe and vacancies, (iv) enabling pressure-driven dislocation loop punching through an effective emission of interstitial clusters informed by interstitial loop energetics, (v) accounting for radiation induced athermal diffusion of Xe, and (vi) implementing a Booth-type grain boundary sink representation for all mobile defects and defect clusters. After these modifications, we observe good agreement of Xolotl fission gas bubble size and concentration predictions with legacy experimental measurements. Additionally, it allows the distribution of Xe bubble pressures and radius to also be predicted and compared to data produced through the Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) program. Here, we have done this by running simulations under conditions similar to the AFC post-irradiation examination (PIE) samples irradiated at North Anna 2 light water reactor (LWR). Our results shows excellent agreement with these experimental measurements.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2026

High-Burnup LOCA Burst Susceptibility BISON Analysis in PWRs and BWRs

Accurately assessing high-burnup fuel behavior during loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCAs) is essential for understanding fuel fragmentation, relocation, and dispersal (FFRD) risks across the US light-water reactor fleet. This work updates previous Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) Program multiphysics LOCA analyses for a pressurized water reactor (PWR) and a boiling water reactor (BWR) by incorporating recent model and material property advancements in the BISON fuel performance code, including a high-burnup structure (HBS) model, revised cladding burst criteria, and updated thermal–mechanical correlations. This update was needed to support ongoing industry initiatives and upcoming regulatory changes. Full-core, rod-resolved operating histories generated using Virtual Environment for Reactor Analysis (VERA) and system-level LOCA conditions obtained from TRACE were applied to statistically representative rod samples in BISON to evaluate burst behavior and FFRD susceptibility. These calculations used two cladding burst correlations and three fuel pulverization models so that the predictions of these models could be compared. The updated PWR simulations show markedly improved numerical stability as the number of crashed simulations decreased by 95% compared to the previous study, and hence higher confidence in results. The updated PWR simulations predicted cladding bursts exclusively among once-burned, high-power rods, with two different cladding burst models identifying the same burst-susceptible population. Resulting FFRD susceptibility estimates are significantly reduced compared with earlier studies, driven by cooler predicted fuel and plenum temperatures, lower hoop strains, and reduced fission gas release in the updated models. In contrast, none of the BWR rods were predicted to burst under either burst criterion, reaffirming minimal BWR FFRD susceptibility even with updated HBS and material models. Comparisons between the PWR and BWR end-of-cycle predictions are made. Comparison with prior work highlights significant shifts in PWR fuel performance metrics and confirmation of earlier BWR conclusions. Overall, the updated results underscore the importance of having high-resolution detailed modeling capability and continuously integrating evolving material models and physics into high-resolution multiphysics simulations. The unified assessment presented here strengthens confidence in predicting high-burnup LOCA behavior by improving agreement between different cladding burst correlations. These results also provide an improved foundation for future BISON model development, FFRD susceptibility calculations.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Novel One-Step Production of Carbon-Coated Sn Nanoparticles for High-Capacity Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries offer the highest energy density of any currently available portable energy storage technology. By using different anode materials, these batteries could have an even greater energy density. One material, tin, has a theoretical lithium capacity (994 mAh/g) over three-times higher than commercial carbon anode materials. Unfortunately, to achieve this high capacity, bulk tin undergoes a large volume expansion, and the material pulverizes during cycling, giving a rapid capacity fade. To mitigate this issue, tin must be scaled down to the nano-level to take advantage of unique micromechanics at the nanoscale. Synthesis techniques for Sn nanoparticle anodes are costly and overly complicated for commercial production. A novel one-step process for producing carbon-coated Sn nanoparticles via spark plasma erosion (SPE) shows great promise as a simple, inexpensive production method. The SPE method, characterization of the resulting particles, and their high-capacity reversible electrochemical performance as anodes are described. With only a 10% addition of these novel SPE carbon-coated Sn particles, one anode composition demonstrated a reversible capacity of ~460 mAh/g, achieving the theoretical capacity of that particular electrode formulation. These SPE carbon-coated Sn nanoparticles are drop-in ready for present commercial lithium-ion anode processing and would provide a ~10% increase in the total capacity of current commercial lithium-ion cells.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2020

The Economic Accessibility of CO2 Sequestration through Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) in the US

Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is one strategy to remove CO2 from the atmosphere. To assess the potential scale and cost of CO2 sequestration from BECCS in the US, this analysis models carbon sequestration net of supply chain emissions and costs of biomass production, delivery, power generation, and CO2 capture and sequestration in saline formations. The analysis includes two biomass supply scenarios (near-term and long-term), two biomass logistics scenarios (conventional and pelletized), and two generation technologies (pulverized combustion and integrated gasification combined cycle). Results show marginal cost per tonne CO2 (accounting for costs of electricity and CO2 emissions of reference power generation scenarios) as a function of CO2 sequestered (simulating capture of up to 90% of total CO2 sequestration potential) and associated spatial distribution of resources and generation locations for the array of scenario options. Under a near-term scenario using up to 206 million tonnes per year of biomass, up to 181 million tonnes CO2 can be sequestered annually at scenario-average costs ranging from $62 to $137 per tonne CO2; under a long-term scenario using up to 740 million tonnes per year of biomass, up to 737 million tonnes CO2 can be sequestered annually at scenario-average costs ranging from $42 to $92 per tonne CO2. These estimates of CO2 sequestration potential may be reduced if future competing demand reduces resource availability or may be increased if displaced emissions from conventional power sources are included. Results suggest there are large-scale opportunities to implement BECCS at moderate cost in the US, particularly in the Midwest, Plains States, and Texas.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Removal of Iron from Pyrite-Rich Coal Refuse by Calcination and Magnetic Separation for Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Rare Earth Elements

In the metallurgical extraction of rare earth elements (REEs), the ratio of contaminant ions to REEs in the leachate dictates the cost and operational efficiency of the downstream processes. The current study investigated the potential iron contamination removal from the feed to the hydrometallurgical process by calcination followed by magnetic separation. The 2.20 specific gravity sink fraction of Baker coal seam coarse refuse was pulverized to finer than 180 μm, calcined at various temperatures, and separated into magnetic and non-magnetic fractions using a wet high-intensity magnetic separator at different field strengths. The untreated feed, calcined products, and their subsequent magnetic and non-magnetic fractions were subjected to acid leaching tests with 1.2 M sulfuric acid at 75 °C and 1% w/v solids concentration. The recovery of light and heavy rare earth elements (LREEs and HREEs, respectively) along with the concentration of common contaminant ions (Al, Ca, and Fe) were measured as output variables. The weight percent of magnetic material was maximized at approximately 29% by calcination at a temperature of 400 °C. Magnetic removal of this fraction using a field strength of 1.15 Tesla resulted in the rejection of 81% of the iron. Leaching of the magnetic fraction provided significantly higher Fe recovery relative to untreated feed material and the non-magnetic fraction. The non-magnetic fraction was subsequently calcined at 600 °C to dehydroxylate the clays and released the REE minerals in the same manner as the treatment of the original coarse refuse material. A comparison of the leachate elemental concentrations resulting from the leaching of both the calcined non-magnetic and original coarse refuse showed only a slight reduction in the iron content from the non-magnetic material. This finding combined with the REE loss in the magnetic fraction resulted in the conclusion that the magnetic removal step was unfavorable.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗

DOE OSTI2024

Cellulose Nanofibrils Dewatered with Poly(Lactic Acid) for Improved Bio-Polymer Nanocomposite Processing

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) have theoretically ideal properties for bio-based composite applications; however, the incorporation of these materials into polymers is made challenging by the strong binding of water to CNFs and the irreversible agglomeration of CNFs during drying. Previous methods used “contact dewatering”, wherein the addition of wood flour (WF) to CNFs facilitated the mechanical removal of water from the system via cold pressing, which showed potential in producing dried CNF fibrils attached to wood fibers for biocomposite applications. In this work, the viability of contact dewatering with poly(lactic) acid (PLA) powder for PLA/CNF composites was evaluated. The energy efficiency of dewatering, preservation of nanoscale CNF morphology, and mechanical properties were examined by mixing wet CNFs with pulverized PLA at various loading levels, pressing water out of the system, and compression molding and shear mixing composites for testing. The most impressive results from this dewatering method were the preservation of micron-to-nanoscale fibers with high aspect ratios in PLA-CNF composites; increased strength and modulus of 1.7% and 4.2%, respectively, compared to neat PLA; equivalent or better properties than spray-dried nanocellulose at similar loading levels; and an 11-194x reduction in drying energy compared to spray-drying CNFs.

Chemistry↗

DOE OSTI2025

The Co-Firing of Pine Biomass and Waste Coal in 100 and 600 MW Power Plants: A Sustainable Approach to Reduce GHG Emissions

Climate change is a global issue that has gained much attention recently. Co-firing biomass with coal/waste coal reduces the electricity sector’s GHG emissions sustainably. This study uses commercial software to model waste coal and biomass co-firing in 100 MW and 600 MW power plants. The objective is to assess the effects of fluid types (subcritical and supercritical), plant capacities (100 MW and 600 MW), boiler types (pulverized coal and circulating fluidized bed boilers), biomass and waste coal co-firing ratios (0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20, and 100:0), and carbon capture and storage efficiencies (0%, 90%, 95%, and 97%) on performance parameters such as net plant efficiency, heat rate, net plant CO2 and SO2, and particulate matter emissions. The feedstocks selected for this investigation include anthracite waste coal and loblolly pine biomass. As the biomass fraction increases from 0% to 100%, co-fired power plants net efficiency increases by 3–8%. Supercritical plants had a 6% higher net plant efficiency than the subcritical plants. The study found that the biomass’s high heating value decreased the fuel flow rate and reduced plant CO2 emissions by 10–16%. With 100% biomass power plant feed and 90% carbon capture and storage efficiency, CO2 emissions drop by 83% and SO2 and PM emissions drop to zero.

Bhoi, Prakashbhai R. (ORCID:0000000333104888)↗

DOE OSTI2024

One-Step Spark Plasma Erosion Processing of Carbon-Coated Sn-Si Nanoparticles for Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes

High density portable energy storage is desirable owing to the energy requirements of portable electronics and electric vehicles. The Li-ion battery’s high energy density could be even further improved through the utilization of alternative materials (instead of carbon) for the anode, such as Sn or Si. Nonetheless, the large volume expansion upon lithiation, up to ~300% for Li 22 Si 5 , causes pulverization and rapid capacity degradation during cycling. Sn also forms a Li 22 Sn 5 compound with the equivalent stoichiometric Li capacity but with enhanced ductility. Nano-sized Si and Sn have demonstrated distinctive nanoscale properties, facilitating the retention of higher capacities, particularly when coated with carbon, which improves mechanical stability. To date, the methods of synthesizing coated Si, Sn, or Si-Sn alloyed nanoparticles are complicated, costly, and not readily scalable to meet the demands of cost-effective manufacturing. Spark plasma erosion in a hydrocarbon dielectric has been explored as a one-step process to produce Sn-Si alloy nanoparticles coated with a thin carbon film, offering a scalable and cost-effective processing route. The resulting Sn-Si particles exhibited a bi-modal size distribution at ~5 nm and ~500 nm and were carbon-coated, as intended, from the hydrocarbon dielectric breakdown. The spark-eroded nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using TEM/EDS, XPS, AES, SSNMR, and TGA, and their improved electrochemical performance was assessed through half-cell experiments.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2025

Evaluating Short-warning Mitigation via Intentional Robust Disruption of a Hypothetical Impact of Asteroid 2023 NT1

We investigate various short-warning mitigation scenarios via fragmentation for a hypothetical impact of asteroid 2023 NT1, a near-Earth object (NEO) that was discovered on 2023 July 15, two days after its closest approach to Earth on July 13. The asteroid passed by Earth within ∼0.25 lunar distances, with a closest approach of ∼1 × 10 5 km and a velocity of 11.27 km s −1 . Its size remains largely uncertain, with an estimated diameter range of 26–58 m and a most probable estimate of 34 m (JPL Sentry, 2023 September 15; weighted by the NEO size frequency distribution). If 2023 NT1 had collided with Earth, it could have caused significant local damage. Assuming a spherical asteroid with a diameter of 34 m, uniform density of 2.6 g cm −3 , and impact velocity of 15.59 km s −1 , a collision would have yielded an estimated impact energy of ∼1.5 Mt, approximately 3 times the energy of the Chelyabinsk airburst in 2013. We analyze the effectiveness of mitigation via intentional robust disruption for objects similar to 2023 NT1. We utilize Pulverize It (PI), a NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts study of planetary defense via fragmentation, to model potential mitigation scenarios through simulations of hypervelocity asteroid disruption and atmospheric ground effects in the case of a terminal defense mode. Simulations suggest that PI is an effective multimodal approach for planetary defense that can operate in extremely short interdiction modes, in addition to long interdiction timescales with extended warning. Our simulations support the proposition that threats like 2023 NT1 can be effectively mitigated with intercepts of 1 day (or less) prior to impact, yielding minimal to no ground damage.

Asteroids↗

DOE OSTI2021

Facile Synthesis of Micrometer-sized Hierarchical Porous Si@C Anodes for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Extensive studies have been conducted to determine if replacing graphite anodes with silicon is feasible since silicon possesses a high capacity and is an abundant resource; however, Si anodes suffer significant volume changes during cycling, which pulverizes its structure and subsequently causes rapid capacity fading. We used SiO2 nanoparticles (nSiO2) and low-cost coal-derived humic acid as a feedstock to synthesize high performance Si-C anodes for Li-ion Batteries through spray drying, calcination, and magnesiothermic reductions. Our Si-C anodes features micrometer-sized porous Si coated with a graphitized carbon shell (mpSi@C). The hierarchical graphitized carbon shell and porous silicon structure relieve the mechanical stress of the Si phase upon cycling, which stabilizes the structure. This mpSi@C composite design allows for a high initial discharge capacity of 2199.9 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1 and a cycling performance of 68% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1.0 A g-1. The multipoint contact between the Si anode and C structure allows for a remarkable performance rate of 566.3 mAh g-1 at 5.0 A g-1.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

DOE OSTI2022

Update to Techno-economic Analysis of BECCS Systems

Presentation of updated cost and performance results for coal and biomass co-firing in a pulverized coal power plant both with and without CO2 Capture at the Clearwater Clean Energy Conference. Update includes a 100% biomass fired case with and without capture.

Fout, Timothy↗

DOE OSTI2022

High CO2 Capture Rate Cost and Performance for F- and H-Class Natural Gas Combined Cycles (NGCC)

The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is updating its study titled “Cost and Performance Baselines for Fossil Energy Plants, Volume 1: Bituminous Coal and Natural Gas to Electricity.” Revision 4 was published in 2019. Pulverized coal (PC) and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) cases with carbon capture in that study capture carbon dioxide (CO2) at 90% efficiency. Field-testing of post-combustion CO2 capture technology as well as vendor and industry feedback on projects currently in the planning stages (including FEED projects sponsored by DOE) indicate that capture rates as high as 95% are feasible for both coal- and natural gas-fueled electricity generating units. Technology suppliers (as reflected in vendor-supplied information provided to DOE for this study that included cost and performance estimates for both NGCC (97%) and PC (99%) study cases) as well as subject matter experts acknowledge and support that solvent-based post-combustion CO2 capture technologies are capable of achieving CO2 removal rates beyond 95% on low-purity streams representative of fossil-fueled combustion; however, the relatively limited experience with design and operation of capture systems that can routinely, reliably, and economically achieve very high removal rates (e.g., 97% for NGCC flue gas) requires further study. This presentation will address performance and cost estimates for 90%, 95%, and 97% capture for F- and H-class NGCC plants. This presentation was given at the 2022 Pittsburgh Coal Conference.

Fout, Timothy↗