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Results for “Enthalpy”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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High Enthalpy Differential Equation-Based Estimates for Spherical/Cylindrical Forebody Shock Stand-off Distance .
Abstract not provided.
A Novel Standard Gibbs Energy of Formation Model for High-Enthalpy Water Systems
This work provides an advanced standard molar Gibbs energy of formation model, informed by molecular statistical thermodynamics (MST), and validated by mineral solubility and ion association reactions. This new model aligns with experimental data within uncertainties and highlights the role of specific MST interactions around the critical point. This work will provide a reliable tool for the optimization of industrial processes operating at the edges of the supercritical domain.
Hypersonic Shock Wave-Boundary Layer Interaction Experiments on a Cone-Slice-Ramp over a Range of Enthalpies
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Predicting entropy-enthalpy compensation in metal hydrides using machine learning (and other methods…)
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High-Enthalpy, Hypersonic Aerodynamic Validation Study with Multiple Physics-Fidelity Models
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THE ELECTRIC ARC AS A HIGH ENTHALPY SOURCE FOR HYPERSONIC WIND TUNNELS
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Constricted high enthalpy arc heater design and performance data, including calculations for a 10 MW design First interim technical report
Performance prediction and design analysis of constricted coaxial-flow arc air heaters for materials testing and atmospheric entry simulation
Enthalpy and stagnation temperature determination of a high temperature laminar flow gas stream Patent
Measuring conductive heat flow and thermal conductivity of laminar gas stream in cylindrical plug to simulate atmospheric reentry
Apparent operating limits of arc heaters with respect to total enthalpy and stagnation pressure
Operational limitations of arc heaters caused by enthalpic stagnation pressures
Electrothermal oscillations and the quasilinear theory of electron enthalpy fluctuations in magnetohydrodynamic generators and magnetoplasmadynamic arc thrusters
Flucturations in electron density and temperature coupled through OHM's Law are studied for MHD power generator and MPD arc thruster applications. The dispersion relation based on linear theory is derived, and the two limiting cases of infinite ionization rate and frozen flow are examined. The nonlinear effects of the frozen flow case are then studied in the quasilinear limit. Equations are derived for the amplitude of the fluctuation and its effect upon Ohm's Law and the electron temperature equation. Conditions under which a steady state can exist in the presence of the fluctuation are examined, and effective transport properties are determined.
Application of the Bernoulli enthalpy concept to the study of vortex noise and jet impingement noise
A complete theory of aeroacoustics of homentropic fluid media is developed and compared with previous theories. The theory is applied to study the interaction of sound with vortex flows, for the DC-9 in a standard take-off configuration. The maximum engine-wake interference noise is estimated to be 3 or 4 db in the ground plane. It is shown that the noise produced by a corotating vortex pair departs significantly from the compact M scaling law for eddy Mach numbers (M) greater than 0.1. An estimate of jet impingement noise is given that is in qualitative agreement with experimental results. The increased noise results primarily from the nonuniform acceleration of turbulent eddies through the stagnation point flow. It is shown that the corotating vortex pair can be excited or de-excited by an externally applied sound field. The model is used to qualitatively explain experimental results on excited jets.
Developing mass spectrometric techniques for boundary layer measurement in hypersonic high enthalpy test facilities
Thermodynamic flow properties of gases in the boundary layer or the flowfield have been mainly deduced from pressures and temperatures measured on a model. However, further progress with respect to an understanding of these properties requires a more complete characterization of the layer including determination of the gas composition and chemistry. Most attempts to measure boundary layer chemistry involve the employment of a mass spectrometer and an associated gas sampling system. The three major limiting factors which must be addressed for species measurement in aerothermodynamic investigations on models at reentry stream velocities, are gas sampling effects, instrument limitations, and problems with data acquisition. The present investigation is concerned with a concentrated effort to quantitatively identify and correct for instrument and sampling system effects, and to develop a miniaturized high performance mass spectrometer for on-model real-time analysis of the boundary layer and its associated atmosphere.
Mass spectrometric gas composition measurements associated with jet interaction tests in a high-enthalpy wind tunnel
Knowledge of test gas composition is important in wind-tunnel experiments measuring aerothermodynamic interactions. This paper describes measurements made by sampling the top of the test section during runs of the Langley 7-Inch High-Temperature Tunnel. The tests were conducted to determine the mixing of gas injected from a flat-plate model into a combustion-heated hypervelocity test stream and to monitor the CO2 produced in the combustion. The Mass Spectrometric (MS) measurements yield the mole fraction of N2 or He and CO2 reaching the sample inlets. The data obtained for several tunnel run conditions are related to the pressures measured in the tunnel test section and at the MS ionizer inlet. The apparent distributions of injected gas species and tunnel gas (CO2) are discussed relative to the sampling techniques. The measurements provided significant real-time data for the distribution of injected gases in the test section. The jet N2 diffused readily from the test stream, but the jet He was mostly entrained. The amounts of CO2 and Ar diffusing upward in the test section for several run conditions indicated the variability of the combustion-gas test-stream composition.
Downward-deployed tethered platforms for high enthalpy aerothermodynamic research
The data on aerothermodynamic and aerodynamic interactions at altitudes above 50 km is extremely limited because of the relative inaccessibility of the region to research vehicles of any sort. This paper addresses the practicability of using downward deployed satellites tethered to an orbiting host vehicle in order to obtain steady-state data in the upper reaches of the region above 80 or 90 km.
Heat transfer measurements on biconics at incidence in hypersonic high enthalpy air and nitrogen flows
Heat transfer rate measurements have been obtained at 0, 5, 15, and 21 deg angles-of-attack for a straight biconic scale model of an aeroassisted orbital vehicle proposed for planetary probe missions. Heat-transfer distributions were measured using palladium thin-film resistance gauges deposited on a glass-ceramic substrate. The windward heat transfer correlations were based on equilibrium flow in the shock layer of the model, although the flow may depart from equilibrium in the flow-field.
Downward-deployed tethered platforms for high-enthalpy aerothermodynamic research
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High enthalpy, hypervelocity flows of air and argon in an expansion tube
An expansion tube with a free piston driver has been used to generate quasi-steady hypersonic flows in argon and air at flow velocities in excess of 9 km/s. Irregular test flow unsteadiness has limited the performance of previous expansion tubes, and it has been found that this can be avoided by attention to the interaction between the test gas accelerating expansion and the contact surface in the primary shock tube. Test section measurements of pitot pressure, static pressure and flat plate heat transfer are reported. An approximate analytical theory has been developed for predicting the velocities achieved in the unsteady expansion of the ionizing or dissociating test gas.