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At least 163 records · Page 9

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DOE OSTI2021

Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Microstructure in Irradiated Materials

Argonne National Laboratory is establishing additional capabilities for advanced techniques for accelerated experiment-based fuel material screening. A key supporting element is expanded capabilities for the characterization of irradiated samples, including establishment of the capability to measure irradiated fuel thermal conductivity at the micro-scale level. Argonne is collaborating with the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) to adopt the suspended bridge method to measure thermal conductivity of radiation-induced microstructures in nuclear materials directly. The initial phase of work to support thermal conductivity measurements of microstructure in irradiated materials at Argonne has been executed, and is summarized here. This report is intended to serve as a status update for this activity, summarizing work completed in FY20.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Status of the muon neutrino charged-current zero mesons cross section measurement in the NOvA near detector

NOvA is a long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment at Fermilab whose physics goals include precision neutrino oscillation as well as cross-section measurements. We present the status of the measurement of muon neutrino charged-current cross section with zero mesons in the final state at the NOvA near detector. This measurement will be made with respect to the kinematics of the final state particles. Our chosen interaction channel is especially sensitive to quasielastic and meson exchange current interactions and will provide a handle for constraining the cross section systematic uncertainties in oscillation analyses in current and future experiments. For particle identification, we use a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on individual particles simulated in the NOvA near detector that allows us to select the desired signal while reducing the potential bias from neutrino interaction modeling. Charged pion background constraining is further improved via Michel electron tagging.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2023

Artificial Intelligence in Nuclear Physics

Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are rapidly developing fields providing data-driven algorithms to predict, classify, and make decisions based on data. Nuclear Physics Research is data-driven and AI/ML techniques have been implemented for experiment and accelerator control, in theoretical applications, and in data processing and analysis. These algorithms open possibilities for automation, thereby augmenting human capabilities. Additionally, Open Science is enabled by simultaneous analyses of multiple data sources, leading to scientific knowledge. This talk will summarize current applications of AI/ML in nuclear physics, as well as accelerator applications, and will cover upcoming initiatives and research in AI/ML.

Jeske, Torri↗

DOE OSTI2024

Experimental Neutrino Physics Research with Liquid Argon TPCs (Final Technical Report)

In this report, we present the accomplishments, products, impact, and outcomes of the project funded by the DOE award DE-SC0024095. The research accomplishments are making important contributions to achieving the physics goals, demonstrating the robustness and potential of software-level event reconstruction algorithms, and ensuring high-quality detector operation for relevant US accelerator neutrino experiments using liquid argon time projection chamber technology.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Status of the Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Mesonless Cross Section Measurement in the NOvA Near Detector

NOvA is a long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment at Fermilab whose physics goals include precision neutrino oscillation as well as cross-section measurements. We present the status of the measurement of a muon neutrino charged-current cross section with zero mesons in the final state at the NOvA near detector. This measurement is being made with respect to the kinematics of the final state muon. The chosen interaction channel is especially sensitive to quasielastic and meson exchange current interactions and aims to provide experimental constraints for the development of models of neutrino interactions. It will also provide a handle for constraining cross section systematic uncertainties in oscillation analyses in current and future experiments. For particle identification, we use a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on individual particles simulated in the NOvA near detector that allows us to select the desired signal while reducing the potential bias from neutrino interaction modeling. Charged pion background constraining is further improved via Michel electron tagging.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Status of the Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Zero Mesons Cross Section at the NOvA Near Detector

NOvA is a long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment at Fermilab whose physics goals include precision neutrino oscillation as well as cross-section measurements. We present the status of the measurement of a muon neutrino charged-current cross section with zero mesons in the final state at the NOvA near detector. This measurement is being made with respect to the kinematics of the final state muon. The chosen interaction channel is especially sensitive to quasielastic and meson exchange current interactions and aims to provide experimental constraints for the development of models of neutrino interactions. It will also provide a handle for constraining cross section systematic uncertainties in oscillation analyses in current and future experiments. For particle identification, we use a convolutional neural network (CNN) trained on individual particles simulated in the NOvA near detector that allows us to select the desired signal while reducing the potential bias from neutrino interaction modeling. Charged pion background constraining is further improved via Michel electron tagging.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2021

Study of CC2p0$\pi$ Event Topologies in the MicroBooNE Detector

The precise measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters is a critical component of understanding neutrino oscillations. As future accelerator neutrino experiments will utilize 40 Ar as the target nucleus it is important to understand the influence that nuclear effects have on neutrino-nucleon cross-sections. Processes that lead to 2 particle-2 hole (2p2h) states are of particular interest, such as Meson Exchange Currents (MEC) and Short Range Nucleon-Nucleon Correlations. In the MicroBooNE detector, a charged-current interaction that produced a 2p2h state would create a 3 track topology with 1 muon and 2 protons connected to a single interaction vertex (CC2p0$\pi$). We present here a study of MicroBooNE’s potential sensitivity to a variety of MEC models as well as CC2p0$\pi$ events selected from a combination of data collected from the first 3 years of running of the MicroBooNE experiment.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2024

Non-contact Real-time Target Health Monitor

Targets are an essential part of many accelerator-based experiments, yet their constant radiation exposure eventually affects their internal structure and, consequently, their properties. Current methods typically involve either direct contact with the target or complete removal of the system, which may not be the most efficient for assessing radiation damage. For this reason, a system has been proposed that will monitor a target s radiation damage without the need for direct contact or removal. This sensor will achieve this by measuring the reflectivity of S- and P-polarized waves, which are expected to change measurably due to radiation-induced alterations. As is commonly done, smaller-scale tests were performed to ensure that the necessary equipment was functioning correctly. Once all equipment is tested, the next step will be to perform reflectivity measurements using a tungsten sample, a material often used in targets. Longer-term work will involve scaling up the system and implementing higher-energy beams. This sensor will enable a more comprehensive study of radiation damage in materials and is being considered for projects such as Mu2e, Mu2e-II, LBNF, AMF, and muon colliders.

Agosto Reyes, Alanice↗

DOE OSTI2024

An Updated Simulation of the Booster Neutrino Beam

For accelerator neutrino experiments, an accurate prediction of the incoming neutrino flux is crucial for reducing uncertainties for all physics measurements. In this exciting period for the Short-Baseline Neutrino program at Fermilab, with far detector (ICARUS) already operating and the near detector (SBND) nearing operation, an updated flux model for the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) is presented. The BNB delivers 8 GeV protons to a beryllium target, subsequently producing neutrinos from the decay of the secondary beam of hadrons. A updated Monte-Carlo simulation of beam production in GEANT4 has been created, allowing predictions to be made for detectors with different baselines, offsets and sizes. This new simulation contains new features, such as a full neutrino ancestry to handle hadron production systematics with more precision, with a view to storing all resulting particles - including neutral mesons - from the proton-Beryllium scatter to allow the study of exotic BSM scenarios. Results are presented, with comparisons to the original flux simulated for the MiniBooNE experiment.

Paton, Josephine↗

DOE OSTI2024

Fermilab high-intensity neutrino program: present and future

This talk will provide an overview of the Fermilab neutrino program, including details for both the accelerator and experiment aspect of the program. The current operation of the proton complex will be discussed, alongside the status of the upcoming PIP-II upgrade and the newly proposed ACE-MIRT upgrade. Additionally, the status of the SBN and NOVA programs will be presented, as well as the status of the upcoming DUNE/LBNF upgrade.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗

DOE OSTI2025

Towards High-Efficiency Particle Detection Using Superconducting Microwire Arrays

We present a detailed study of an 8-channel $1\times1$~mm$^{2}$ WSi superconducting microwire single photon detector (SMSPD) array exposed to 120~GeV hadron beam and 120~GeV muon beam at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron H6 beamline. Following up on our first detailed characterization of the efficiency and response of an SMSPD fabricated on a 3~nm WSi film, we report measurements of enhanced particle detection efficiency using a sensor fabricated from a thicker 4.7~nm-thick WSi film. We also report the first SMSPD detection efficiency measurement made for muons. Measurements are enabled by a silicon tracking telescope providing 10~$\mu$m in situ spatial resolution. The results show a detection efficiency of 75\% and a time resolution of about 130~ps across pixels. These findings represent a significant advancement toward developing high-efficiency SMSPD charged particle tracking systems with simultaneous precision timing, with potential applications in future accelerator-based experiments such as the FCC-ee and Muon Collider.

Wang, Christina [Fermilab]↗

DOE OSTI2025

Enabling Precision Neutrino Oscillation Studies with MINERvA

The next generation of neutrino experiments at accelerators aims to establish matter-antimatter asymmetry inneutrinoflavor oscillations. Precision oscillation measurements require inference of neutrino energies and flavor from the products of O(GeV) neutrino interactions on nuclei. I’ll discuss recent results from the MINERvAexperimentand how they help with this inference.

McFarland, Kevin [University of Rochester]↗

DOE OSTI2026

Toward Muon Neutrino Charged-Current Neutral Pion Cross Section Measurements at ICARUS

At ICARUS and the broader Short-Baseline Neutrino Program, few neutrino interaction channels offer as much utility as those producing neutral pions, which are an important background to electron neutrino searches and provide a standard candle for calibrating the electromagnetic shower energy scale. Beyond this, measurements of neutrino-induced neutral pions offer a probe of resonant interactions that are relevant to future accelerator neutrino experiments like the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. In this document, a measurement of charged-current muon neutrino interactions in liquid argon with a single neutral pion in the final state is presented, making use of neutrino interaction events recorded with the ICARUS T600 detector at Fermilab while exposed to the Booster Neutrino Beam. Event selection is carried out with a fully-automated machine learning reconstruction framework, allowing for the extraction of single-differential cross section measurements as a function of muon and neutral pion kinematic observables.

Carber, Dan [Colorado State U.]↗

DOE OSTI2026

Study of Neutrino Decay Signals at NOvA

NOvA is a long-baseline accelerator neutrino experiment with sensitivity to effects beyond the standard three-flavor oscillation framework. In this work, we study invisible neutrino decay within neutrino oscillations in the context of the NOvA experiment and its impact on measurement of the standard three-flavour parameters. Neutrino decay has been implemented in the oscillation probability calculation and validated against the standard no-decay case. Here we present the current status of the analysis, focusing on oscillation probabilities and neutrino event rate predictions including invisible neutrino decay.

Barros, Andrea [U. Atlantico, Barranquilla] (ORCID↗

DOE OSTI2026

Status of the Measurement of Neutrino-Electron Elastic Scattering in the NOvA Near Detector

Neutrino–electron elastic scattering is a purely leptonic process with a precisely calculable Standard Model cross section, providing an \textit{in situ} constraint on accelerator neutrino flux predictions. Using data collected with the NOvA Near Detector in forward horn current mode, we perform a measurement of neutrino–electron elastic scattering and apply a flux-constraint technique based on the reconstructed electron-energy spectrum. This approach improves the precision of the predicted $\nu_\mu$ flux and enhances the accuracy of near-detector cross-section measurements. The analysis also demonstrates a practical framework for flux constraints in current and future accelerator neutrino experiments.

Xiao, Yiwen [UC, Irvine (main)] (ORCID:00000001531↗

DOE OSTI2021

Muon Neutrino Charged Current Single Pion Production on Various Targets in the MINERvA Detector

Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters at accelerator-based experiments require precise knowledge of neutrino interaction cross sections. A significant fraction of neutrino interactions observed in these experiments produce single charged pions. While single charged pion production has been measured on hydrocarbon and water, few precise measurements exist for heavier targets, and there are no high statistics measurements that directly compare pion production on different targets. This thesis measures differential cross sections of muon neutrino charged current single charged pion production with no other mesons in the final state in a neutrino beam with a mean energy of $\approx 6$ GeV. The pion production is studied on targets of scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead at MINERvA, a neutrino cross section experiment located in the NuMI beamline at Fermilab. These measured cross sections are differential in $\mu^-$ and $\pi^+$ kinematics. A strong suppression of low $Q^2 $ and an enhancement of low $T_\pi$ are observed relative to commonly used neutrino interaction models in both the light and heavy nuclear targets. Incorporation of these observed effects in future neutrino oscillation experiments will improve their ability to measure energy of neutrino interactions, and therefore measure the parameters governing neutrino oscillations.

Bercellie, Aaron↗

DOE OSTI2022

Muon neutrino charged current single pion production on various targets in the MINERvA detector

Measurements of neutrino oscillation parameters at accelerator-based experiments require precise knowledge of neutrino interaction cross sections. A significant fraction of neutrino interactions observed in these experiments produce single charged pions. While single charged pion production has been measured on hydrocarbon and water, few precise measurements exist for heavier targets, and there are no high statistics measurements that directly compare pion production on different targets. This thesis measures differential cross sections of muon neutrino charged current single charged pion production with no other mesons in the final state in a neutrinobeam with a mean energy of ≈ 6 GeV. The pion production is studied on targets of scintillator, carbon, water, iron, and lead at MINERvA, a neutrino cross section experiment located in the NuMI beamline at Fermilab. These measured cross sections are differential in μ - and π + kinematics. A strong suppression of low Q 2 and an enhancement of low π are observed relative to commonly used neutrino interaction models in both the light and heavy nuclear targets. Incorporation of these observed effects in future neutrino oscillation experiments will improve their ability to measure energy of neutrino interactions, and therefore measure the parameters governing neutrino oscillations.

Bercellie, Aaron↗

DOE OSTI2022

DarkNews: a Python-based event generator for heavy neutral lepton production in neutrino-nucleus scattering

We introduce DarkNews, a lightweight Python-based Monte-Carlo generator for beyond-the-Standard-Model neutrino-nucleus scattering. The generator handles the production and decay of heavy neutral leptons via additional vector or scalar mediators, as well as through transition magnetic moments. DarkNews samples pre-computed neutrino-nucleus upscattering cross sections and heavy neutrino decay rates to produce dilepton and single-photon events in accelerator neutrino experiments. We present two case studies with differential distributions for models that can explain the MiniBooNE excess. The aim of this code is to aid the neutrino theory and experimental communities in performing searches and sensitivity studies for new particles produced in neutrino upscattering.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗