Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “analytical”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,585 records · Page 88
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1991

Analytic potential in a linear radio-frequency quadrupole trap with cylindrical electrodes

An analytical expression is derived for a radio-frequency ion trap of novel configuration consisting of a four-sectored hollow cylinder enclosed between two end caps. The cylindrical geometry of the sectored trap provides shielding against the buildup of charge and also makes it possible to calculate the potential within the trap by solving Laplace's equation for given boundary conditions. Equations are presented for calculating the time-averaged potential generated by the RF fields, the end-cap potential, and the potential arising from the application of a dc bias on two of the four electrode sectors. It is shown that, near the ends of this trap, the effective potential arising from the RF fields acts to propel ions out of the trap and that the addition of a dc bias on two neighboring sectors generates an inhomogeneous field in the trap which produces a force on the ions along the trap's long axis in a direction dependent on the sign of the bias.

Melbourne, R. K.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Analytical concepts for health management systems of liquid rocket engines

Substantial improvement in health management systems performance can be realized by implementing advanced analytical methods of processing existing liquid rocket engine sensor data. In this paper, such techniques ranging from time series analysis to multisensor pattern recognition to expert systems to fault isolation models are examined and contrasted. The performance of several of these methods is evaluated using data from test firings of the Space Shuttle main engines.

Williams, Richard↗
NASA NTRS1991

An efficient formulation and implementation of the analytic energy gradient method to the single and double excitation coupled-cluster wave function - Application to Cl2O2

The analytic energy gradient for the single and double excitation coupled-cluster (CCSD) wave function has been reformulated and implemented in a new set of programs. The reformulated set of gradient equations have a smaller computational cost than any previously published. The iterative solution of the linear equations and the construction of the effective density matrices are fully vectorized, being based on matrix multiplications. The new method has been used to investigate the Cl2O2 molecule, which has recently been postulated as an important intermediate in the destruction of ozone in the stratosphere. In addition to reporting computational timings, the CCSD equilibrium geometries, harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared intensities, and relative energetics of three isomers of Cl2O2 are presented.

Rendell, Alistair P.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Analytical relationships of nuclear field and microdosimetric quantities for target fragmentation in tissue systems

A simple analytic formula for the nuclear fields formed by target fragmentation in tissue systems is derived using the continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA). The energy fluctuations in sensitive localized sites within the tissue system caused by these nuclear events are defined by microdosimetry. In that CSDA is used, the energy fluctuations exclude the role of secondary electrons. The relations also relate to the response of microdosimetric devices to nuclear fragmentation fields.

Wilson, John W.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Multidisciplinary optimization in aircraft design using analytic technology models

An approach to multidisciplinary optimization is presented which combines the Global Sensitivity Equation method, parametric optimization, and analytic technology models. The result is a powerful yet simple procedure for identifying key design issues. It can be used both to investigate technology integration issues very early in the design cycle, and to establish the information flow framework between disciplines for use in multidisciplinary optimization projects using much more computational intense representations of each technology. To illustrate the approach, an examination of the optimization of a short takeoff heavy transport aircraft is presented for numerous combinations of performance and technology constraints.

Malone, Brett↗
NASA NTRS1992

Analytic Solutions Of Equations For Q-Switched Lasers

Approximate closed-form, analytic equations for characteristics of Q-switched, continuous-wave-pumped laser express relationships among characteristics of output, pumping rate above threshold pumping rate, and rate of repetition of switch. Equations describe performance in terms of peak output power, energy in each pulse, average output power, and duration of each pulse as functions of pulse-repetition rate, actual pump power, threshold pump power, volume occupied by laser electromagnetic mode, and reflectivity of output coupler. Useful for analyzing performances of diode-pumped solid-state lasers.

Wilson, Keith E.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Analytical prediction of EM scattering by complex obstacles within electrically large open cavities

An analytical technique is described for predicting the electromagnetic (EM) scattering by complex obstacles within electrically large open waveguide cavities. This topic is of relevance to EM scattering and EMC type applications. A general open ended waveguide cavity is illustrated and is assumed to be relatively arbitrarily shaped, and the open front end of the cavity is illuminated by an arbitrarily polarized external plane wave field. The interior obstacle is assumed to be located within the cavity near the back end, and it generally contributes significantly to the fields scattered into the exterior by the entire cavity configuration. The present scattering analysis is restricted to within approximately 70 degs from boresight with respect to the open front end; outside of this region, the scattering by the external features of the cavity are generally more significant than from the interior of the cavity. The scattering analysis is composed of two main parts. One analysis is of the coupling of the incident plane wave field, via the open front end using the high frequency ray or beam shooting methods. The other analysis deals with separately obtaining the plane wave scattering characteristics of the interior obstacle. Thus the present analysis represents a hybrid combination of an asymptotic high frequency ray/beam method for tracking the fields through the cavity, together with any suitable method for obtaining a plane wave characterization of the interior obstacle.

Pathak, Prabhakar H.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Comparison of a two-dimensional adaptive-wall technique with analytical wall interference correction techniques

A two dimensional airfoil model was tested in the adaptive wall test section of the NASA Langley 0.3 meter Transonic Cryogenic Tunnel (TCT) and in the ventilated test section of the National Aeronautical Establishment Two Dimensional High Reynold Number Facility (HRNF). The primary goal of the tests was to compare different techniques (adaptive test section walls and classical, analytical corrections) to account for wall interference. Tests were conducted over a Mach number range from 0.3 to 0.8 at chord Reynolds numbers of 10 x 10(exp 6), 15 x 10(exp 6), and 20 x 10(exp 6). The angle of attack was varied from about 12 degrees up to stall. Movement of the top and bottom test section walls was used to account for the wall interference in the HRNF tests. The test results are in good agreement.

Mineck, Raymond E.↗
NASA NTRS1992

An analytical approach to grid sensitivity analysis for NACA four-digit wing sections

Sensitivity analysis in computational fluid dynamics with emphasis on grids and surface parameterization is described. An interactive algebraic grid-generation technique is employed to generate C-type grids around NACA four-digit wing sections. An analytical procedure is developed for calculating grid sensitivity with respect to design parameters of a wing section. A comparison of the sensitivity with that obtained using a finite difference approach is made. Grid sensitivity with respect to grid parameters, such as grid-stretching coefficients, are also investigated. Using the resultant grid sensitivity, aerodynamic sensitivity is obtained using the compressible two-dimensional thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations.

Sadrehaghighi, I.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Trajectory fitting in function space with application to analytic modeling of surfaces

A theory for representing a parameter-dependent function as a function trajectory is described. Additionally, a theory for determining a piecewise analytic fit to the trajectory is described. An example is given that illustrates the application of the theory to generating a smooth surface through a discrete set of input cross-section shapes. A simple procedure for smoothing in the parameter direction is discussed, and a computed example is given. Application of the theory to aerodynamic surface modeling is demonstrated by applying it to a blended wing-fuselage surface.

Barger, Raymond L.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Analytical estimates of the PP-algorithm at low number of Doppler periods per pulse length

When discussing the Doppler velocity estimators, it is of significant interest to analyze their behavior at a low number of Doppler periods n(sub D) = 2v(sub r)t(sub s)/lambda is approximately equal to 1 within the resolution cell t(sub s) (v(sub 4) is the radial velocity, lambda is the wavelength). Obviously, at n(sub D) is approximately less than 1 the velocity error is essentially increased. The problem of low n(sub D) arises in the planetary boundary layer (PBL), where higher resolutions are usually required but the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is relatively high. In this work analytical expression for the relative root mean square (RMS) error of the PP Doppler estimator at low number of periods for a narrowband Doppler signal and arbitrary model of the noise correlation function is obtained. The results are correct at relatively high SNR. The analysis is supported by computer simulations at various SNR's.

Angelova, M. D.↗
NASA NTRS1992

An analytical and experimental investigation of flutter suppression via piezoelectric actuation

The objective of this research was to analytically and experimentally study the capabilities of adaptive material plate actuators for suppressing flutter. Piezoelectrics are materials which are characterized by their ability to produce voltage when subjected to a mechanical strain. The converse piezoelectric effect can be utilized to actuate a structure by applying a voltage. For this investigation, a two degree of freedom wind-tunnel model was designed, analyzed, and tested. The model consisted of a rigid wing and a flexible mount system which permitted translational and rotational degrees of freedom. Actuators, made of piezoelectric material were affixed to leaf springs on the mount system. Command signals, applied to the piezoelectric actuators, exerted control over the closed-loop damping and stiffness properties. A mathematical aeroservoelastic model was constructed using finite element and stiffness properties. A mathematical aeroservoelastic model was constructed using finite element methods, laminated plate theory, and aeroelastic analysis tools. A flutter suppression control law was designed, implemented on a digital control computer, and tested to conditions 20 percent above the passive flutter speed of the model. The experimental results represent the first time that adaptive materials have been used to actively suppress flutter. It demonstrates that small, carefully-placed actuating plates can be used effectively to control aeroelastic response.

Heeg, Jennifer↗
NASA NTRS1991

Planetary accretion rates - Analytical derivation

New analytical formulae that are valid even in cases where Keplerian shear determines the approach velocity in planetary accretion rates are presently shown to accurately reproduce Monte Carlo study results. The formulae yield accretion rates over a great variety of planet formation-conducive conditions. Since the absolute values of impact rates yielded by the formulae were expected to have factor-of-2-to-3 uncertainties, the good agreement with Monte Carlo experiments obtained suggests the reasonableness of many of the estimates adopted, or the mutual cancelling-out of various uncertainties.

Greenberg, Richard↗
NASA NTRS1992

An analytical approach to grid sensitivity analysis

Sensitivity analysis in Computational Fluid Dynamics with emphasis on grids and surface parameterization is described. An interactive algebraic grid-generation technique is employed to generate C-type grids around NACA four-digit wing sections. An analytical procedure is developed for calculating grid sensitivity with respect to design parameters of a wing section. A comparison of the sensitivity with that obtained using a finite-difference approach is made. Grid sensitivity with respect to grid parameters, such as grid-stretching coefficients, are also investigated. Using the resultant grid sensitivity, aerodynamic sensitivity is obtained using the compressible two-dimensional thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations.

Sadrehaghighi, Ideen↗
NASA NTRS1991

Analytical modeling and sensor monitoring for optimal processing of polymeric composite material systems

Process simulation models and cure monitoring sensors are discussed for use in optimal processing of fiber-reinforced composites. Analytical models relate the specified temperature and pressure cure cycle to the thermal, chemical, and physical processes occurring in the composite during consolidation and cure. Frequency-dependent electromagnetic sensing (FDEMS) is described as an in situ sensor for monitoring the composite curing process and for verification of process simulation models. A model for resin transfer molding of textile composites is used to illustrate the predictive capabilities of a process simulation model. The model is used to calculate the resin infiltration time, fiber volume fraction, resin viscosity, and resin degree of cure. Results of the model are compared with in situ FDEMS measurements.

Loos, Alfred C.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Experimental and analytical study of the effects of floor location on response of composite fuselage frames

Experimental and analytical results are presented of the effects of floor placement on the structural response and strength of I-cross section, semi-circular fuselage frames constructed of graphite-epoxy composite material. The composite frame configuration is representative of current conventional aircraft design. Experimental strain distributions are presented from static loading tests of the composite frames and compared with finite element structural models and closed form solutions. An understanding of floor location effects can aid dynamists in predicting the crash behavior of these conventional structures, and may assist the designer in developing crashworthy structures for future aircraft.

Jones, Lisa E.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Analytical aeroelastic stability considerations and conversion loads for an XV-15 tilt-rotor in a wind tunnel simulation

A rotorcraft analysis is conducted to assess tilt-rotor stability and conversion loads for the XV-15 rotor with metal blades within its specified test envelope. A 38-DOF flutter analysis based on the code by Johnson (1988) is developed to simulate a wind-tunnel test in which the rotor torque is constant and thereby study stability. The same analytical model provides the simulated loads including hub loads, blade loads, and oscillatory pitch-link loads with attention given to the nonuniform inflow through the proprotor in the presence of the wing. Tilt-rotor stability during the cruise mode is found to be sensitive to coupling effects in the control system stiffness, and a stability problem is identified in the XV-15 Advanced Technology Blades. The present analysis demonstrates that the tilt-rotor is stable within the specified test envelope of the NASA 40 x 80-ft wind tunnel.

Kottapalli, Sesi↗
NASA NTRS1992

Analytical expressions for radiative properties of planar Rayleigh scattering media, including polarization contributions

The objective of this paper is to provide a convenient and fast way for computing the radiative properties of planar Rayleigh scattering media. Analytical expressions are developed for the three molecular atmospheric functions which are required in remote sensing: the atmospheric reflectance, the transmission function, and the spherical albedo. The expressions are adjusted by using accurate computations performed with successive orders of a scattering code. The accuracy of the code is first checked by using previously published tabulations. The required accuracy of 0.001 in the reflectance unit is achieved by numerical adjustments. The contribution of polarization is considered implicitly. The expressions are shown to be valid for a fairly large range of observational conditions.

Vermote, E.↗