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Spin-Orbit Variations, Greenhouse Gases, and Superhabitable Conditions on Terrestrial Worlds in Multi-Planet Systems
Heller and Armstrong (Astrobiology, 2014) describe a number of ways in which an Earth-like world (“Earth twins” with a tidal heat flux Ft less than 0.04 W/m2, and within their star’s habitable zone) might be “superhabitable,” with surface environments that are more amenable to life than the common benchmark of modern Earth. Over Earth history, several time periods are known from the geologic record that could meet these criteria, providing multiple opportunities to explore known superhabitable and inhabited planetary conditions from an astrophysical perspective.
High spatial resolution mapping of greenhouse gases using imaging spectrometers
UNKNOWN
On-orbit production and study of quantum gases aboard the International Space Station
No abstract provided
Global benefits of non-continuous flooding to reduce greenhouse gases and irrigation water use without rice yield penalty
Non-continuous flooding is an effective practice for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) and irrigation water use (IRR) in rice fields. However, advancing global implementation is hampered by the lack of comprehensive understanding of GHGs and IRR reduction benefits without compromising rice yield. Here, we present the largest observational data set for such effects as of yet. By using Random Forest regression models based on 636 field trials at 105 globally georeferenced sites, we identified the key drivers of effects of non-continuous flooding practices and mapped maximum GHGs or IRR reduction benefits under optimal non-continuous flooding strategies. The results show that variation in effects of non-continuous flooding practices are primarily explained by the UnFlooded days Ratio (UFR, that is the ratio of the number of days without standing water in the field to total days of the growing period). Non-continuous flooding practices could be feasible to be adopted in 76% of global rice harvested areas. This would reduce the global warming potential (GWP) of CH4 and N2O combined from rice production by 47% or the total GWP by 7% and alleviate irrigation water use by 25%, while maintaining yield levels. The identified UFR targets far exceed currently observed levels particularly in South and Southeast Asia, suggesting large opportunities for climate mitigation and water use conservation, associated with the rigorous implementation of non-continuous flooding practices in global rice cultivation.
NASA’s Cold Atom Laboratory: Exploring Fundamental Physics with Quantum Gases
No abstract provided
Noble Gases and Nitrogen in Samples of Asteroid Ryugu Record Its Volatile Sources and Recent Surface Evolution
The Hayabusa2 spacecraft retrieved surface and subsurface samples from the carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu, which was expected to be enriched in volatile species. The samples were collected from two locations, one undisturbed surface and the other including material excavated by an artificial impact. Unlike meteorites, these samples have experienced minimal alteration by Earth’s atmosphere. Ryugu is thought to have formed from material ejected (by an impact) from a parent body, which had experienced aqueous alteration (reactions with liquid water) ~4.56 billion years (Gyr) ago. Ryugu’s orbit later migrated from the main asteroid belt to become a near-Earth asteroid.
NASA’s Earth Information System - Greenhouse Gases
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Nasa’s Cold Atom Lab Turns 3 Years Cold: Ongoing Studies of Quantum Gases and Atom-Wave Interferometry in Low-Earth Orbit
No abstract provided
Covid-19 Impact Monitoring for Climate Environment (Greenhouse Gases)
No abstract provided
On-Orbit Production of Quantum Gases in Nasa’s Cold Atom Lab (CAL)
No abstract provided