Integration of digital elevation model data and Landsat MSS data to quantify the effects of slope orientation on the classification of forest canopy condition
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Williams, D. L.↗
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Results for “data integrity”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Remote sensing for forest applications in New York: Two case studies
Under-utilized forest resources in the Northeast can supply fiber to new markets. Information on forest resources, however, is often too aggregated to estimate available woody material with sufficient detail for planning specific projects. Over the past year, staff of Cornell University's Remote Sensing Program, under a grant from NASA, assisted New York State agency personnel by assessing available woody material for two potential development projects, a wood-fired power plant and a particle board manufacturing plant. These feasibility studies are reviewed, illustrating how information derived from high-altitude aircraft photographs, LANDSAT imagery, and available supporting data were integrated to arrive at estimates of woody material.
Stanturf, J. A.↗
Integration of environmental and spectral data for sunflower stress determination
Stress in sunflowers was assessed in western and northwestern Minnesota. Weekly ground observations (acquired in 1980 and 1981) were analyzed in concert with large scale aerial photography and concurrent LANDSAT data. Using multidate supervised and unsupervised classification procedures, it was found that all crops grown in association with sunflowers in the study area are spectrally separable from one another. Under conditions of extreme drought, severely stressed plants were differentiable from those not severely stressed, but between-crop separation was not possible. Initial regression analyses to estimate sunflower seed yield showed a sensitivity to environmental stress during the flowering and seed development stages. One of the most important biological factors related to sunflower production in the Red River Valley area was found to be the extent and severity of insect infestations.
Lillesand, T.↗
NASA propulsion controls research
Multivariable control theory is applied to the design of multiple input and output engine controls. Highly-accurate, real-time engine simulations are utilized for control development and checkout. Electro-optical control components are developed for use in electronic control systems having fiber optic data links. Integrated controls are developed for VSTOL and Rotorcraft propulsion systems. Post-stall models of engine systems are developed to aid in understanding and control of post-stall engine behavior.
Teren, F.↗
Implications of information from LANDSAT-4 for private industry
The broader spectral coverage and higher resolution of LANDSAT-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data open the door for identification from space of spectral phenomena associated with mineralization and microseepage of hydrocarbon. Digitally enhanced image products generated from TM data allow the mapping of many major and minor structural features that mark or influence emplacement of mineralization and accumulation of hydrocarbons. These improvements in capabilities over multispectral scanner data should accelerate the acceptance and integration of satellite data as a routinely used exploration tool that allows rapid examination of large areas in considerable detail. Imagery of Southern Ontario, Canada as well as of Cement, Oklahoma and Death Valley, California is discussed.
Everett, J. R.↗
Errors in fixed and moving frame of references - Applications for conventional and Doppler radar analysis
Techniques for the correction of errors in Doppler radar scans due to advection effects are presented. A moving frame of reference is shown to be useful in least-squares estimates with stationary observations expressed in scalars or Cartesian coordinates. For non-Cartesian coordinates, such as the deduction of radial velocities from triple Doppler radar data, an integral is defined for accounting for advection effects and consequent coordinate transformations. The multiple radars are necessary for unambiguous characterization of the horizontal wind velocity. A scale analysis is employed to estimate errors with and without the error correction procedure. Improvements in correlations between scans are demonstrated when the error correction method is used.
Tzvi, G.-C.↗
Organizing Space Shuttle parametric data for maintainability
A model of organization and management of Space Shuttle data is proposed. Shuttle avionics software is parametrically altered by a reconfiguration process for each flight. As the flight rate approaches an operational level, current methods of data management would become increasingly complex. An alternative method is introduced, using modularized standard data, and its implications for data collection, integration, validation, and reconfiguration processes are explored. Information modules are cataloged for later use, and may be combined in several levels for maintenance. For each flight, information modules can then be selected from the catalog at a high level. These concepts take advantage of the reusability of Space Shuttle information to reduce the cost of reconfiguration as flight experience increases.
Angier, R. C.↗
Data management
The following tasks were prioritized: software acquisition management plan; space station flight data system architectural study; space station user data system interface; automation of software development process; automation of software testing; distributed data base management; ADA (automated data acquisition) evaluation and transition and planning; network operating system software; fault tolerant computer validation methodology for onboard data management system; systems integration; artificial intelligence/expert systems; space station data network concept; space station standard interface protocols; space station data networks systems; integrated software development facility; and language trade studies.
Love, G.↗
A comparative study of the thematic mapper and Landsat spectral bands from field measurement data
Principal component and factor analysis techniques were applied to the spectral data collected over 27 field plots of various crops under varying agronomic conditions. The spectral data was integrated over the proposed thematic mapper bands and Landsat MSS spectral bands. The results were examined to compare the discrimination power of the thematic mapper. Previously announced in STAR as N81-33549
Badhwar, G. D.↗
A sampling procedure to guide the collection of narrow-band, high-resolution spatially and spectrally representative reflectance data
A multistage sampling procedure using image processing, geographical information systems, and analytical photogrammetry is presented which can be used to guide the collection of representative, high-resolution spectra and discrete reflectance targets for future satellite sensors. The procedure is general and can be adapted to characterize areas as small as minor watersheds and as large as multistate regions. Beginning with a user-determined study area, successive reductions in size and spectral variation are performed using image analysis techniques on data from the Multispectral Scanner, orbital and simulated Thematic Mapper, low altitude photography synchronized with the simulator, and associated digital data. An integrated image-based geographical information system supports processing requirements.
Brand, R. R.↗
Exobiology experiment concepts for space station
The exobiology discipline uses ground based and space flight resources to conduct a multidiscipline research effort dedicated to understanding fundamental questions about the origin, evolution, and distribution of life and life related molecules throughout the universe. Achievement of this understanding requires a methodical research strategy which traces the history of the biogenic elements from their origins in stellar formation processes through the chemical evolution of molecules essential for life to the origin and evolution of primitive and, ultimately, complex living species. Implementation of this strategy requires the collection and integration of data from solar system exploration spacecraft and ground based and orbiting observatories and laboratories. The Science Lab Module (SLM) of the Space Station orbiting complex may provide an ideal setting in which to perform certain classes of experiments which form the cornerstone of exobiology research. These experiments could demonstrate the pathways and processes by which biomolecules are synthesized under conditions that simulate the primitive Earth, planetary atmospheres, cometary ices, and interstellar dust grains. Exobiology experiments proposed for the Space Station generally fall into four classes: interactions among gases and grains (nucleation, accretion, gas-grain reactions), high energy chemistry for the production of biomolecules, physical and chemical processes occurring on an artificial comet, and tests of the theory of panspermia.
Griffiths, L. D.↗
Integration of communications and tracking data processing simulation for space station
A simplified model of the communications network for the Communications and Tracking Data Processing System (CTDP) was developed. It was simulated by use of programs running on several on-site computers. These programs communicate with one another by means of both local area networks and direct serial connections. The domain of the model and its simulation is from Orbital Replaceable Unit (ORU) interface to Data Management Systems (DMS). The simulation was designed to allow status queries from remote entities across the DMS networks to be propagated through the model to several simulated ORU's. The ORU response is then propagated back to the remote entity which originated the request. Response times at the various levels were investigated in a multi-tasking, multi-user operating system environment. Results indicate that the effective bandwidth of the system may be too low to support expected data volume requirements under conventional operating systems. Instead, some form of embedded process control program may be required on the node computers.
Lacovara, Robert C.↗
Computer vision for robots; Proceedings of the Meeting, Cannes, France, December 2-6, 1985
The conference presents papers on segmentation techniques, three-dimensional recognition and representation, processing image sequences, and navigation and mobility. Particular attention is given to determining the pose of an object, adaptive least squares correlation with geometrical constraints, and the reliable formation of feature vectors for two-dimensional shape representation. Other topics include the real-time tracking of a target moving on a natural textured background, computer vision for the guidance of roving robots, and integrating sensory data for object recognition tasks.
Faugeras, O. D.↗
Integration of multi-discipline data processing for earth observing systems
The first steps taken to ensure the controlled evolution of existing facilities toward greater interoperability and sharing of resources among NASA-supported earth science and applications data systems (ESADS) are described. Recommendations made by the various panels during the 1987 ESADS Workshop are presented. The panels were concerned with directories and catalogs, data archives, data manipulation software, computational facilities, data storage media, database management, and networking. Consideration was also given to the tracking and tuning of overall development and management coordination issues.
Kahn, Ralph↗
Methodology requirements for intelligent systems architecture
The methodology required for the development of the 'intelligent system architecture' of distributed computer systems which integrate standard data processing capabilities with symbolic processing to provide powerful and highly autonomous adaptive processing capabilities must encompass three elements: (1) a design knowledge capture system, (2) computer-aided engineering, and (3) verification and validation metrics and tests. Emphasis must be put on the earliest possible definition of system requirements and the realistic definition of allowable system uncertainties. Methodologies must also address human factor issues.
Grant, Terry↗
Dynamics and control characteristics of a reference Space Station configuration
This paper describes the structural dynamic characteristics of a NASA reference space station configuration as defined in the November 1987 Space Station Program - Systems Engineering and Integration Engineering Data Book. The modes and frequencies of the station below 2.0 Hz were obtained and selected results along with rigid body properties are presented. A three-axis attitude control system using control moment gyros responding to attitude and attitude rate signals is used to regulate the orientation of the station. The stability of the control system with non-collocated sensors is investigated for both compensated and uncompensated control signals. Results from a closed-loop simulation of a commanded attitude change about three axes, and from a closed-loop simulation of the response of the station to an externally applied unit force impulse at the docking port are presented. These simulation results are used to evaluate the possible degree of control/structures interaction which could occur during normal operation of the station.
Sutter, Thomas R.↗
Exobiology experiment concepts for Space Station
The exobiology discipline uses ground based and space flight resources to conduct a multidiscipline research effort dedicated to understanding fundamental questions about the origin, evolution, and distribution of life and life related molecules throughout the universe. Achievement of this understanding requires a methodical research strategy which traces the history of the biogenic elements from their origins in stellar formation processes through the chemical evolution of molecules essential for life to the origin and evolution of primitive and, ultimately, complex living species. Implementation of this strategy requires the collection and integration of data from solar system exploration spacecraft and ground based and orbiting observatories and laboratories. The Science Lab Module (SLM) of the Space Station orbiting complex may provide an ideal setting in which to perform certain classes of experiments which form the cornerstone of exobiology research. These experiments could demonstrate the pathways and processes by which biomolecules are synthesized under conditions that stimulate the primitive earth, planetary atmospheres, cometary ices, and interstellar dust grains. Exobiology experiments proposed for the Space Station generally fall into four classes: interactions among gases and grains (nucleation, accretion, gas-grain reactions), high energy chemistry for the production of biomolecules, physical and chemical processes occurring on an artificial comet, and tests of the theory of panspermia.
Griffiths, Lynn D.↗
A user interface for a knowledge-based planning and scheduling system
The objective of EMPRESS (Expert Mission Planning and Replanning Scheduling System) is to support the planning and scheduling required to prepare science and application payloads for flight aboard the US Space Shuttle. EMPRESS was designed and implemented in Zetalisp on a 3600 series Symbolics Lisp machine. Initially, EMPRESS was built as a concept demonstration system. The system has since been modified and expanded to ensure that the data have integrity. Issues underlying the design and development of the EMPRESS-I interface, results from a system usability assessment, and consequent modifications are described.
Mulvehill, Alice M.↗