Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Spectrometer”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,495 records · Page 83
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2016

Concept Study for a Compact Homodyne Astrophysics Spectrometer for Exoplanets (CHASE)

In this concept study, we are targeting to build a new instrument to sequentially observe exoplanet atmospheres and their parent’s stellar spectra over a significant time in NUV and FUV. The Compact Homodyne Astrophysics Spectrometer for Exoplanets (CHASE) offers integrated spectra over a wide field -of-view (FOV~40arcsec) in high spectral resolution (R>10(exp 5)) in a miniaturized architecture using no (or a small < 1m) primary mirror. CHASE’s wide FOV is compatible with the relaxed pointing requirements of current CubeSats and SmallSats which makes it readily qualifiable for space in a compact format and have the potential to enable major scientific breakthroughs.

Interferometry↗
NASA NTRS2020

Implementation Concept of Operation for a Multi-Purpose Cassegrain Solar Concentrator, Micro-Spectrometers, and Electrostatic Neutralizers to Enable In Situ Construction Activities plus Lunar, Planetary, and Deep Space Science Exploration on the Moon

The ability to utilize regolith would support human missions to the Moon and Mars by both stabilizing the surface as well as the use of indigenous resources. Precision landing requirements include surface stabilization to prevent damage or contamination due to regolith projectiles as a result of plume interaction with regolith. The use of indigenous resources rather than hauling materials from Earth appears to be economically a palatable option by converting indigenous resources to usable products. However, such activities have new technical challenges to overcome the issues related to lunar environmental conditions, a wide range of temperature fluctuation, extremely high vacuum, and electrostatically charged fine regolith dusts. For both the regolith sintering and extraction of resources onsite, a Cassegrain solar concentrator was studied for not only sintering lunar regolith into a hardened stabilized surface, but also other multiple applications. This report illustrates a Cassegrain solar concentrator that has multi-functional capabilities for space missions. Proper design and implementation of high-performance lightweight composite materials for the primary mirror of the Cassegrain concentrator can offer multiple capabilities to be performed on the Moon. The multiple applications studied with Cassegrain concentrators are (1) Solar sintering for landing pad and habitats, (2) Harvest of volatiles: H2O, O2, H2, and He-3, (3) Space antenna for telemetry and telecommunication, and (4) Space telescope with 20-meter aperture that exceeds the space telescopes to date in terms of the State-of-Art (SOA) in resolution and aperture diameter. In this study, a key emphasis was placed on the NASA Langley-developed boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) nanocomposite technology which is ideal for the segmented primary mirror structure of the Cassegrain system because it promises a very low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and negligible Poisson ratio. Also, BNNT nanocomposites offer several noticeable benefits, such as light weight, radiation shielding capability, and mechanical strength for structural applications. Additionally, the NASA Langley-developed bullet-like micro-spectrometer and electrostatic power generator were reviewed for mineral mapping applications and electrostatic power generation and dust mitigation from electrostatically charged regolith.

landing pad↗
NASA NTRS2020

Weak Spectral Features on (101995) Bennu from the OSIRIS-REx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer

Context. The NASA Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission has obtained thousands of spectra of asteroid (101955) Bennu with the OSIRIS-REx Visible and InfraRed Spectrometer (OVIRS). Aims. We present a spectral search for minor absorption bands and determine compositional variations on the surface of Bennu. Methods. Reflectance spectra with low and high spatial resolutions were analyzed for evidence of weak absorption bands. Spectra were also divided by a global average spectrum to isolate unique spectral features, and variations in the strongest band depths were mapped on a surface shape model. The global visible to near-IR spectrum of Bennu shows evidence of several weak absorption bands with depths of a few percent. Results. Several observed bands are consistent with phyllosilicates, and their distribution correlates with the stronger 2.74-μm hydration band. A 0.55-μm band is consistent with iron and is deepest in the spectrally reddest areas on Bennu. The presence of hydrated phyllosilicates and iron oxides indicates substantial aqueous alteration in Bennu’s past. Conclusions. Bennu’s spectra are not identical to a limited set of carbonaceous chondrite spectra, possibly due to compositional properties and spatial scale differences; however, returned samples should contain a mixture of common chondrite materials.

OSIRIS-REx↗
NASA NTRS1994

Miniaturized Electronic System for the Planetary Integrated Camera Spectrometer

This paper discusses the design and implementation of a miniaturized electronic system for the Planetary Integrated Camera-Spectrometer (PICS). The PICS electronics demonstrates the application of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) and of analog hybrid technology to space flight multispectral systems. A discussion of the electronic system design illustrates how a multisensor instrument consisting of an UV CCD, two visible CCDs, and a near-IR focal plane assembly can be processed through a common set of electronics. Following the system design discussion, the actual electronic design will be presented. Each miniaturized module will be discussed as to functionality and performance. The test setup for bench checkout of a cooled CCD and an IR FPA, including results with breadboard electronics and with the hybrids are also described.

CCD↗
NASA NTRS1996

Current Status, Performance and Plans for the NASA Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS)

The status of the Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) is reported at the beginning of the current flight season. Sensor performance based on laboratory measurements and trend data as well as a review of end of 1995 season performance is given as a measure of expected performance during the 1996 season which began in March of 1996. Recent improvements to the sensor's internal calibration source and measurements of instrument parameters are described. The effects of these enhancements on the reported data are also discussed along with and update onflight schedules and plans for 1996 flight operations.

Airborne↗
NASA NTRS1995

(abstract) The Alpha-Proton-X-ray Spectrometer Deployment Mechanism -- An Anthropomorphic Approach to Sensor Placement on Martian Rocks and Soil

The Mars Pathfinder mission promises to reap a harvest of geological information about Mars. One of the nearly half dozen instruments making this science data possible is the alpha proton X ray spectrometer (APXS). Using a curium source and backscattering techniques, the APXS will determine the elemental composition of rocks and the soil around the landing site. To ensure information of high fidelity, the APXS sensor face must be aligned to within 20° to the surface of each rock and soil sampling location and be held there for up to 10 hours. This is accomplished through the anthropomorphic deployment mechanism (ADM). The ADM mounts on the back of the Mars rover. Working with the rover, the ADM both actively and passively positions the APXS sensor head against a chosen target. The ADM is an amalgamation of unique solutions to some very challenging design problems. The resulting design is light, flexible, and nearly autonomous. Its straightforward operation rivals that of the human arm in simplicity and elegance.

Mars↗
NASA NTRS1993

Use of the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer to Calibrate the Optical Sensor on Board the Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1

In this paper, we describe an experiment to calibrate the Optical Sensor on board the Japanese Earth Resources Satellite-1 with data acquired by the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). This experiment establishes the suitability of AVIRIS for the calibration of spaceborne sensors in the 400 to 2500 nm spectral region.

spaceborne↗
NASA NTRS1997

Total Dose Testing of a CMOS Charged Particle Spectrometer

CMOS Charged Particle Spectrometer chips [1], designated CPS32, have been developed for an experiment on the STRV-2 spacecraft. These chips, which are a form of Active Pixel Sensor (APS), were designed for proton and electron energy spectrometry.

Dose↗
NASA NTRS1997

Total Dose Testing of a CMOS Charged Particle Spectrometer

A first-generation CMOS Charged Particle Spectrometer chip [1] was designed at JPL for flight on the STRV-2 spacecraft. These devices will collect electron and proton spectra in low Earth orbit as part of an experiment to demonstrate Active Pixel Sensor (APS) technology in space. This paper presents the results of total dose testing on these chips and, where possible, attempts to extend the results to other Active Pixel Sensors.

CMOS↗