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At least 1,495 records · Page 83
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Water survey of Canada: Application for use of ERTS-A for retransmission of water resources data

The author has identified the following significant results. Water resources data were retransmitted from nine data collection platforms (DCP) located in remote regions of Canada. The DCPs located in the Arctic operated in temperatures lower than -40 C and the DCP antennas have survived wind speeds of greater than 80 kph and snow loads of a depth of one metre. Ice-out indicators were installed at a few DCP sites. The purpose of these indicators was to enable the detection of the movement of ice out of river channel during spring break-up. The suitability of satellite retransmission as a means of obtaining data from remote areas of Canada continues to be demonstrated. A modest expansion of the DCP network is planned.

Halliday, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The economic value of remote sensing of earth resources from space: An ERTS overview and the value of continuity of service. Volume 3: Intensive use of living resources: Agriculture. Part 1: Overview

Potential economic benefits obtainable from a state-of-the-art ERS system in the resource area of intensive use of living resources, agriculture, are studied. A spectrum of equal capability (cost saving), increased capability, and new capability benefits are quantified. These benefits are estimated via ECON developed models of the agricultural marketplace and include benefits of improved production and distribution of agricultural crops. It is shown that increased capability benefits and new capability benefits result from a reduction of losses due to disease and insect infestation given ERS's capability to distinguish crop vigor and from the improvement in world trade negotiations given ERS's worldwide surveying capability.

Kornhauser, A. L.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The economic value of remote sensing of earth resources from space: An ERTS overview and the value of continuity of service. Volume 3: Intensive use of living resources, agriculture. Part 2: Distribution effects

The results of an investigation of the value of improving information for forecasting future crop harvests are described. A theoretical model is developed to calculate the value of increased speed of availablitiy of that information. The analysis of U.S. domestic wheat consumption was implemented. New estimates of a demand function for wheat and of a cost of storage function were involved, along with a Monte Carlo simulation for the wheat spot and future markets and a model of market determinations of wheat inventories. Results are shown to depend critically on the accuracy of current and proposed measurement techniques.

Bradford, D. F.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The economic value of remote sensing of earth resources from space: An ERTS overview and the value of continuity of service. Volume 4: Forestry, wildlife and rangeland

The economic value of ERS information in the resource management area of extensive use of living resources, forestry, wildlife, and rangeland, is determined. Timber and forage resources are quantitatively evaluated. It is shown that these resources have economic value in the tens of billions of dollars, but the economic benefits of improved management of the forests and rangelands are not limited to efficiency in the production of these commercial resources. Multiple-use values including watershed, wildlife, and recreation are also involved.

Andrews, J.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The economic value of remote sensing of earth resources from space: An ERTS overview and the value of continuity of service. Volume 7: Nonreplenishable natural resources: Minerals, fossil fuels and geothermal energy sources

The application of remotely-sensed information to the mineral, fossil fuel, and geothermal energy extraction industry is investigated. Public and private cost savings are documented in geologic mapping activities. Benefits and capabilities accruing to the ERS system are assessed. It is shown that remote sensing aids in resource extraction, as well as the monitoring of several dynamic phenomena, including disturbed lands, reclamation, erosion, glaciation, and volcanic and seismic activity.

Lietzke, K. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The economic value of remote sensing of earth resources from space: An ERTS overview and the value of continuity of service. Volume 8: Atmosphere

The economic value of an ERS system in the resource area of atmosphere is determined. Benefits which arise from air pollution and cloud observations correlated to ground stations are discussed along with cost savings associated with air pollution monitoring by satellite. Social benefits due to more precise knowledge of the effects of pollution are presented.

Miles, R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Geologic structure in California: Three studies with ERTS-1 imagery

Results are presented of three early applications of imagery from the NASA Earth Resources Technology Satellite to geologic studies in California. In the Coast Ranges near Monterey Bay, numerous linear drainage features possibly indicating unmapped fracture zones were mapped within one week after launch of the satellite. A similar study of the Sierra Nevada near Lake Tahoe revealed many drainage features probably formed along unmapped joint or faults in granitic rocks. The third study, in the Peninsular Ranges, confirmed existence of several major faults not shown on published maps. One of these, in the Sawtooth Range, crosses in Elsinore fault without lateral offset; associated Mid-Cretaceous structures have also been traced continuously across the fault without offset. It therefore appears that displacement along the Elsinore fault has been primarily of a dip-slip nature, at least in this area, despite evidence for lateral displacement elsewhere.

Lowman, P. D., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Evaluation of ERTS-1 data applications to geologic mapping, structural analysis and mineral resource inventory of South America with special emphasis on the Andes Mountain region

The author has identified the following significant results. A color composite of image E1010-14035, dated 2 August 1972, covers the west central Bolivian Altiplano near Salar de Coipasa. It clearly shows the distribution of surface water and scant patches of vegetation. The Salar de Coipasa is the largest body of water in the area, about 130 sq km of dark blue fresh water. A lighter blue area south of the lake suggests a thin cover of highly saline water superposed on salt beds. The scattered vegetation patches are presumed to be native grasses, lichens, and possibly Indian potato and maiz areas. A detailed study has been made of the scene which provides 12 different interpretive overlays including geology, volcanology, soils, hydrology, and relative permeability. It was found that color composites provide at least 40% more information that do black and white renditions. An excellent example of change detection was provided by image E1244-14051, dated 24 March 1973. Water in the Salar de Coipasa had more than doubled as a result of the rains of the Bolivian winter, which generally occur in the February-March period. The Salars are excellent and highly sensitive moisture indicators in this highly arid region.

Carter, W. D.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Performance of the ERTS-1 DCS in a prototype volcano surveillance system

A prototype volcano surveillance system has been installed on 15 volcanoes in four states and four countries. The need for this system, the techniques used, the method of implementation, the major problems, the results, and the future seen for such a system are briefly reviewed.

Ward, P. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Snow survey and vegetation growth in high mountains (Swiss Alps) and additional ERTS investigations in Switzerland

The author has identified the following significant results. Two different methods, an analog and a digital one, have been developed for rapid and accurate mapping of the areal extent and changes in snow cover in high mountains. The quick-look method is based on individual visual control of each image using a photo quantizer which provides exact references for density slicing with high resolution lith-film. The digital snow classification system is based on discriminant analysis with the data of the four multispectral bands as variables and contains all preprocessing, feature extraction, and mapping steps for an operational application. Two different sets of sampling groups were established which apply to different conditions of snow cover. The first one serves for the normal situation with a uniform dry and new cover. The second one serves for situations with partly thawing and/or frozen snow.

Haefner, H.↗