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At least 1,477 records · Page 82

Quantitative Evaluation of Nanosecond Pulsed Laser-Induced Photomodification of Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles

The rapid growth of gold nanoparticle applications in laser therapeutics and diagnostics has brought about the need for establishing innovative standardized test methods for evaluation of safety and performance of these technologies and related medical products. Furthermore, given the incomplete and inconsistent data on nanoparticle photo-modification thresholds provided in the literature, further elucidation of processes that impact the safety and effectiveness of laser-nanoparticle combination products is warranted. Therefore, we present a proof-of-concept study on an analytical experimental test methodology including three approaches (transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and spectrophotometry) for experimental evaluation of damage thresholds in nanosecond pulsed laser-irradiated gold nanospheres, and compared our results with a theoretical model and prior studies. This thorough evaluation of damage threshold was performed based on irradiation with a 532nm nanosecond-pulsed laser over a range of nanoparticle diameters from 20 to 100nm. Experimentally determined damage thresholds were compared to a theoretical heat transfer model of pulsed laser-irradiated nanoparticles and found to be in reasonably good agreement, although some significant discrepancies with prior experimental studies were found. This study and resultant dataset represent an important foundation for developing a standardized test methodology for determination of laser-induced nanoparticle damage thresholds.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

Defocused differential interference contrast microscopy imaging of single plasmonic anisotropic nanoparticles

We present the defocused differential interference contrast (DIC) imaging of gold nanorods. We found that the scattered light and the defocus aberration play an important role in the formation of orientation-dependent DIC image patterns of a gold nanorod. Interestingly, the scattered light from a gold nanorod aligned closer to the polarization directions enables us to directly resolve its spatial orientation under a defocused DIC microscope.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Plasmonic giant quantum dots: Hybrid nanostructures for truly simultaneous optical imaging, photothermal effect and thermometry

Hybrid semiconductor–metal nanoscale constructs are of both fundamental and practical interest. Semiconductor nanocrystals are active emitters of photons when stimulated optically, while the interaction of light with nanosized metal objects results in scattering and ohmic damping due to absorption. In a combined structure, the properties of both components can be realized together. At the same time, metal–semiconductor coupling may intervene to modify absorption and/or emission processes taking place in the semiconductor, resulting in a range of effects from photoluminescence quenching to enhancement. We show here that photostable ‘giant’ quantum dots when placed at the center of an ultrathin gold shell retain their key optical property of bright and blinking-free photoluminescence, while the metal shell imparts efficient photothermal transduction. The latter is despite the highly compact total particle size (40–60 nm “inorganic” diameter and <100 nm hydrodynamic diameter) and the very thin nature of the optically transparent Au shell. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the quantum dot emission to local temperature provides a novel internal thermometer for recording temperature during infrared irradiation-induced photothermal heating.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Optical absorption spectroscopy in hybrid systems of plasmons and excitons

Understanding the physics of light emitters in quantum nanostructures regarding scalability, geometry, structure of the system and coupling between different degrees of freedom is important as one can improve the design and further provide rigorous controls of quantum devices.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗