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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,477 records · Page 82
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Tetrazolyl Triazolotriazine: A New Insensitive High Explosive

A triazolotriazine carbonitrile ( 1 ) was formed by diazotization of 3–amino–5–cyano–1,2,4–triazole followed by treatment with nitroacetonitrile. Cyclization of the C≡N bond with sodium azide results in a tetrazolyl triazolotriazine ( 2 ). Formation of the sodium salt of 2 , followed by metathesis with [PPN][Cl] resulted in the organic salt 3 . Compounds 1 , 2 , and 3 were characterized by elemental analysis and infrared, 1 H, and 13 C{ 1 H} NMR spectroscopy and 1 and 3 were characterized by single–crystal X–ray diffraction. Compound 2 has a density of 1.819 g cm –1 , is thermally stable up to 305 °C, and is insensitive to impact, friction, and electrical discharge. The detonation pressure and velocity of 2 are calculated to be 27.04 GPa and 8.312 km s –1 , respectively, making this a 1,3,5–triamino–2,4,6–trinitrobenzene (TATB) replacement candidate.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2020

A Comparative Study of Two BAM Designs for Friction Sensitivity Testing of Explosives

A new commercial design of BAM friction tester that utilizes a programmable servo motor was tested in comparison to the traditional cam-driven model. Displacement and velocity profiles were analyzed for both designs; significant differences were found between the two designs, most notable of which is that the traditional cam-driven unit has plate velocities that can be 50–75 % greater than those seen on the servo-driven model. Five energetic materials were also tested on each machine, including PETN, RDX, HMX, CL-20, and HNAB. Finally, results from the servo-driven model generally showed slightly less sensitivity when compared to the cam driven model, though the magnitude of the difference is not significant enough to require modification of safe handling procedures for the materials tested.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2023

Retention of radionuclides in sol–gel surrogate nuclear explosive debris

Sol–gel vitrification can be used to rapidly produce solid, vitreous materials to support nuclear forensics research. Here, this work investigates three sol–gel synthetic approaches’ ability to retain fission products within the glass as a function of drying temperature. Eight of the ten fission products studied were quantitatively retained (less than 5% losses) at temperatures up to 600 °C for glasses prepared using an acidic catalyst and at temperatures up to 300 °C for glasses prepared using a basic catalyst. Both systems show partial loss of ruthenium and complete loss of iodine at temperatures above 300 and 100 °C, respectively.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2012

Diagnostics of underwater electrical wire explosion through a time- and space-resolved hard x-ray source

A time- and space-resolved hard x-ray source was developed as a diagnostic tool for imaging underwater exploding wires. A {approx}4 ns width pulse of hard x-rays with energies of up to 100 keV was obtained from the discharge in a vacuum diode consisting of point-shaped tungsten electrodes. To improve contrast and image quality, an external pulsed magnetic field produced by Helmholtz coils was used. High resolution x-ray images of an underwater exploding wire were obtained using a sensitive x-ray CCD detector, and were compared to optical fast framing images. Future developments and application of this diagnostic technique are discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2014

Dynamic density field measurements of an explosively driven α → ϵ phase transition in iron

We provide a unique set of observations of the behavior of the α→ϵ phase transition under a complex axially symmetric loading path created by sweeping a detonation wave along the end surface of a cylindrical sample. The primary data sets are the measured mass density distributions acquired at 5 independent times during the sweep of the detonation along the surface. Shocked regions and boundaries are measured, as well as regions and boundaries of elevated density (presumed to be the ϵ−phase iron). The formation and dynamics of these regions were captured and are available for comparisons to material descriptions. We also applied 16 Photon Doppler Velocimetry probes to capture the free surface velocity along a discrete set of radially distributed points in order to compare and correlate the density measurements with previous shock wave studies. The velocimetry data are in nearly exact agreement with previous shock wave studies of the α→ϵ phase transition, the density distributions, while generally in agreement with expectations evolved from the shock wave studies, show that the epsilon phase is generated in regions of high shear stress but at hydrostatic stresses below the typically quoted 13 GPa value. The density field measurements are particularly useful for observing the effects of the forward and reverse transformation kinetics, as well as the reverse transformation hysteresis.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗