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DOE OSTI2026

Wasserstein Normalized Autoencoder for Anomaly Detection in ProtoDUNE Vertical-Drift Detector

ProtoDUNE Vertical Drift needs a selective triggering algorithm. The detector sits on Earth's surface, so cosmic activity dominates its data. Our goal in this paper is to trigger on neutrino events more robustly than the current deployed Analog-to-Digital Converter Simple Window (ADCSW) model and, eventually, search for signals of Beyond Standard Model (BSM) physics at DUNE as our ultimate North Star objective. As a step towards this goal, we evaluate a Wasserstein Normalized Autoencoder (WNAE) on simulated collection-plane only windows of shape $1\times10\times10$ where Neutrinos act as our BSM-proxy and Cosmic-ray Muons serve as our learned background. The network parameters are fitted using only cosmic-ray muon events as background in order to maintain an unsupervised pipeline. Training uses finite-step Langevin $x^-$ samples, positive-sample reconstruction energy, and an empirical sliced $2$-Wasserstein objective to learn a normalized Boltzmann energy model. We then calibrate on a nominal $5\,\mathrm{Hz}$ operating threshold calculated from cosmic validation data. Both WNAE and ADCSW accept 311 of 194,083 held-out cosmic background events at this $5\,\mathrm{Hz}$ threshold. We found that WNAE accepts 9,677 of 34,634 neutrino-proxy events $(27.9\pm0.24)\%$, compared with 10,076 $(29.1\pm0.24)\%$ for ADCSW, an observed WNAE-minus-ADCSW difference of $-1.15\%$. At another nominal $2\,\mathrm{Hz}$ target threshold, the corresponding efficiencies are $(20.5\pm0.22)\%$ and $(22.6\pm0.22)\%$, respectively. Of the WNAE-selected neutrino proxies at $5\,\mathrm{Hz}$, $(20.8\pm0.4)\%$ of the classified neutrino-proxy events are unique to WNAE, where the uncertainty is an absolute binomial standard error of $0.4\%$.

Zheng, Jake [U. Chicago (main)] (ORCID:00090002189↗
DOE OSTI2026

Leveraging Gaussian Mixture Models for Detecting Anomalies in Time-Series Data

Test systems must be capable of classifying measured data as expected or anomalous in real time. Anomalous results may portend system failure, and, if undetected, may result in damage to the unit, test equipment, or potential harm to personnel. This report investigates the use of Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) as a clustering tool in classifying time-series data.

Wilke, Rudeger H.T. [Sandia National Laboratories ↗
DOE OSTI2022

Measurement of the Muon Magnetic Anomaly $\boldsymbol{a}_{\boldsymbol{\mu}}$ in the Muon $\boldsymbol{g-2}$ Experiment at Fermilab

The Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment measures the muon anomalous magnetic moment with high precision. Together with recent improvements on the theory front, the first results of the experiment confirm the long-standing discrepancy between the experimental measurements and the Standard Model predictions. The observed value of $a_{\mu}({\textrm{FNAL}})=116\,592\,040(54)\times 10^{-11}(\text{0.46 ppm})$, combined with the previous experimental measurement, results in a discrepancy of $(251\pm 59)\times 10^{-11}$ with the theoretical prediction, corresponding to $4.2\sigma$. This note presents the first results, the current status and the future prospects of the Muon $g-2$ experiment at Fermilab.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2022

The QCD Adler Function and the Muon g − 2 Anomaly from Renormalons

We describe the Adler function in Quantum Chromodynamics using a transseries representation within a resurgent framework. The approach is based on a Borel-Ecalle resummation of the infrared renormalons combined with an effective running for the strong coupling. The new approach is flexible enough to give values in agreement with the current Adler function determinations. We then apply our finding to the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment studying the possibility of saturating, solely in terms of the vacuum polarization function, the current discrepancy between the best Standard Model value for the muon’s anomalous magnetic moment and the experimental value obtained by the most recent muon g−2 collaboration. The latter shows that the Adler function’s new representation can also be consistent with recent lattice determinations.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗