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NASA NTRS2023

The Cross Equatorial Transport of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Eruption Plume

On 15 January 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai (HT) eruption injected SO 2 and water into the middle stratosphere. Shortly after the eruption, the water vapor anomaly moved northward toward and across the equator. This northward movement appears to be due to equatorial Rossby waves forced by the excessive infrared water vapor cooling. Following the early eruption stage, persistent mid-stratospheric water vapor and aerosol layers were mostly confined to Southern Hemisphere tropics (Eq. to 30°S). However, during the spring of 2022, the westerly phase of the tropical quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) descended through the tropics. The HT water vapor and aerosol anomalies were observed to again move across the equator coincident with the shift in the Brewer-Dobson circulation and the descent of the QBO shear zone.

Atmospheric Science↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

UAS Payload Design for In-Situ Smoke Plume Sensing

To aid in the detection of harmful aerosols and trace gases emitted in wildfires and prescribed burns, we are designing a smoke-specific payload which can be flown on the Black Swift S2™ Uncrewed Aerial System (UAS) platform. The payload will be custom and mounted within the nosecone, equipped with a trace gas sensor suite and particle spectrometer for characterization of wildfire and prescribed burn emissions. This data will aid in the improvement of HYSPLIT3 modeling to make more informed decisions regarding prescribed burns, particularly for mountain valleys in the Pacific Northwest. The trace gas suite will be composed of 8 low-cost trace gas sensors (CH4, CO2, CO, HCN, NO2, NO, O3, and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)). Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer (POPS) measures particle size range between 0.14 to 3 µm, which is crucial for assessing public health impact, air quality, and visibility.

Henry Miller↗