Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “DECISION”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,459 records · Page 81
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Building a Predictive Capability for Decision-Making that Supports MultiPEM

Multi-phenomenological explosion monitoring (multiPEM) is a developing science that uses multiple geophysical signatures of explosions to better identify and characterize their sources. MultiPEM researchers seek to integrate explosion signatures together to provide stronger detection, parameter estimation, or screening capabilities between different sources or processes. This talk will address forming a predictive capability for screening waveform explosion signatures to support multiPEM.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2016

Improving Grid Resilience through Informed Decision-making (IGRID)

The transformation of the distribution grid from a centralized to decentralized architecture, with bi-directional power and data flows, is made possible by a surge in network intelligence and grid automation. While changes are largely beneficial, the interface between grid operator and automated technologies is not well understood, nor are the benefits and risks of automation. Quantifying and understanding the latter is an important facet of grid resilience that needs to be fully investigated. The work described in this document represents the first empirical study aimed at identifying and mitigating the vulnerabilities posed by automation for a grid that for the foreseeable future will remain a human-in-the-loop critical infrastructure. Our scenario-based methodology enabled us to conduct a series of experimental studies to identify causal relationships between grid-operator performance and automated technologies and to collect measurements of human performance as a function of automation. Our findings, though preliminary, suggest there are predictive patterns in the interplay between human operators and automation, patterns that can inform the rollout of distribution automation and the hiring and training of operators, and contribute in multiple and significant ways to the field of grid resilience.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2016

A History of Sandia’s Water Decision Modeling and Analysis Program

This document provides a brief narrative, and selected project descriptions, that represent Sandia’s history involving data, modeling, and analysis related to water, energy-water nexus, and energy-water-agriculture nexus within the context of climate change. Sandia National Laboratories has been engaged since the early-1990s with program development involving data, modeling, and analysis projects that address the interdependent issues, risks, and technology-based mitigations associated with increasing demands and stresses being placed on energy, water, and agricultural/food resources, and the related impacts on their security and sustainability in the face of both domestic and global population growth, expanding economic development, and climate change.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Gross Alpha and Beta Decision Levels for the Environmental Air Monitoring Program for the Idaho National Laboratory

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of alpha and beta radiation data collected from air monitoring sites at or near Idaho National Laboratory from April 2006 through February 2017. These data were used to compute monitoring limits that will be used to assess future alpha and beta radiation measurements. Data were analyzed for seasonality, stationarity, and other data issues that may impact the calculation and use of the monitoring limits.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2019

DiaMonD: An Integrated Multifaceted Approach to Mathematics at the Interfaces of Data, Models, and Decisions

The major goal of the project was to invent, analyze, implement, and apply new algorithms to speed up the computational simulation of complex systems in settings in which multiple simulations are needed. The main efforts we undertook are as follows: 1. Develop novel reduced order methods to reduce the costs of simulations, especially in settings (e.g., UQ, inference, optimization and control) for which numerous simulation are needed and also for nonlocal problems (e.g., fractional derivative, anomalous diffusion, nonlocal mechanics) for which lack of sparsity results in more expensive full-order simulation than encountered in partial differential equations settings; rigorous analyses as well as computational tests were carried out, 2. Develop multifidelity methods based on the usage of a variety of models having different fidelities and different costs to accelerate simulations again in settings where numerous simulations are needed or are especially expensive; rigorous analyses as well as computational tests were carried out, 3. Develop ensemble methods to reduced the costs of simulations again in settings where numerous simulations are needed or are especially expensive; rigorous analyses as well as computational tests were carried out, and 4. Analyze a model for Richardson pair dispersion in turbulent flows and develop discretization methods for the efficient and accurate approximations of the solution of the model; rigorous analyses as well as computational tests were carried out.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Double or Triple? Factors Influencing the Window Purchasing Decisions of High-Performance Home Builders

To better understand why triple-pane windows are so slow to catch on and to inform the development and adoption of a new approach to insulated windows, thin triple-pane windows (or thin triples), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) conducted a market assessment of the window purchasing practices of new home builders in 2018-19. While there are several players who can impact the adoption of new residential window technologies, this report focuses strictly on home builders and the key part they play in new window technology adoption. A better understanding of the motivations, experiences, and concerns expressed by new home builders regarding window purchases could inform efforts to develop and deliver thin triple-pane windows and lead to their widespread acceptance in the marketplace. For the past several years, the DOE has supported the development of a thin triple-pane window that uses a center pane of thin glass and krypton gas fill to produce an insulated glass unit (IGU) with nearly the same weight and the same thickness as a double-pane IGU but with the performance of the heavier, thicker, standard triple-pane windows available today. To conduct this study, PNNL interviewed 29 home builders who have participated in the DOE Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) program. These builders include many of the most active builders in the DOE ZERH program. Together, they have constructed 2,534 of the 3,417 homes certified through the DOE program as of April 1, 2019. In 2018, they constructed an estimated 1,040 homes and purchased an estimated 17,800 windows. This report summarizes the key findings from these interviews.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Power Sector Transformation Pathways: Exploring Objectives, Factors, and Technology Innovations to Inform Power Sector Pathway Decisions

The power and heating sectors are responsible for around 30% of global CO2 emissions and this share is likely to grow as countries move towards electrification of the transportation and building sectors. Therefore, enabling forward-thinking, long term strategies in the power sector is a crucial area for international collaboration and support. The rapid transition of power systems toward modern, low-carbon pathways and technologies will be necessary to meet key climate goals while also enabling other critical objectives such as economic development, energy access, and energy system resiliency, among others. Many developed and developing countries are well-poised to champion power sector transformation (PST), however, further support is needed to identify pathways and implement critical near and long-term actions. To address this need, the Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP) together with an expert team including Agora Energiewende, Energy Innovation, European Climate Foundation, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research , Prayas Energy Group and LEDS Latin America and Caribbean Platform, developed a framework identifying four key pathways that can be integrated and combined to support low-carbon PST. These four pathways are: (1) Distributed Energy Resource Revolution, (2) Bulk Power Transformation, (3) Transmission and Distribution Interactivity, and (4) Distributed Transactional Future. To support exploration of pathways, this study examines PST objectives and factors that may lead countries or jurisdictions to place a greater relative emphasis on certain pathways as well as a framework and complementary tool for considering the emphasis in a hands on manner. The report provides case studies on application of the approach to bring life to the topic. The case studies include Haiti, Kenya, Mexico, Southeast Asia, and the European Union, among others. The report also presents actions to-be-taken in the near-, medium- and long-term to support the realization of pathways and long-term transformation of the power sector. The report, together with a complementary spreadsheet tool developed under the effort, can be used to enable stakeholder engagement and visioning for the power sector over the long-term, taking into account key factors and potential innovations. It can also be used to understand and inform relevant analysis tools and models based on which pathways are emphasized, and to identify key actions in the near- and medium-term to avoid lock-in of carbon-intensive technologies.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Career Decisions and Los Alamos National Laboratory [Slides]

At Los Alamos, we deliver science and technology to protect our nation and promote world stability Los Alamos National Laboratory. Our mission began by applying science and technology to address an international crisis. Today, we are responsible for the design, engineering, and sustainment of the majority of the United States’ nuclear weapons capabilities. We also work to assess & reduce global nuclear danger. We offer unparalleled career opportunities in science, engineering, manufacturing, business, and more

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2017

On-Site Energy Storage Decision Guide

This report for facility managers and building managers outlines best practices and factors for consideration by end users who are planning or evaluating the installation of energy storage. It addresses the basics of energy storage, its potential benefits for facilities, and procurement options.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Macro Supply Chain Lifecycle Decision Analytics

This report summarizes a two-year LDRD project that investigated the problem of representing complex supply chains, identifying the worst risks and evaluating mitigation options. Our team developed a framework that includes a representation for business processes, risk assessment questions, risk indicators and methods for analyzing and summarizing the data. In our approach, the Process Matrix represents an overall supply chain for an end product in a high-level, tabular form. It connects the various touch-points of a business process including people, external vendors, tools, storage locations and transportation services while capturing the flow of both physical and intellectual artifacts. We believe these direct connections are exactly the things that a process owner can typically control. These material flows (both physical and intellectual) are also represented in a graph. This enables us to use graph-oriented analysis such as fault tree analysis and attack graph generation. Our approach is top-down, which helps users to get a more holistic understanding for a given amount of resources. Understanding the provenance of materials is difficult and it is easy to exhaust the analysts' resources. Rather than a tool to do vendor analysis or product comparison, our framework enables an enterprise-level analysis. The risk assessment questionnaires have a varying levels of detail and cover various aspects of the supply chain such as process steps, artifacts, suppliers, etc. and connections between these aspects such as artifact-storage, artifact-supplier, etc. Each question is further associated with one of seven risk indicators which can be used to summarize the risk. These risk indicators can also be weighted to reflect a user's concerns. We have successfully applied our framework to several use cases in various stages of its development and provided valuable insights to our partners, but it can also be applied to other complex systems outside of the supply chain security problem.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2014

Decision Point on Anthropogenic Test (SECARB Work Product 6.2.1.a)

The Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership’s (SECARB’s) Anthropogenic Test is a demonstration of the deployment of CO 2 capture, transport, geologic storage and monitoring technologies. The capture component of the test takes place at the James M. Barry Electric Generating Plant in Bucks, Alabama. The capture facility utilizes post-combustion amine capture technology licensed from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America to process flue gas from a coal-fired power unit at Plant Barry. The amount of CO 2 captured using this process is equivalent to the emissions produced when generating 25 megawatts (MW) of electricity. CO 2 captured at the plant is transported by pipeline for underground storage in a saline geologic formation within the Citronelle Dome. This project is one of the first and the largest fully-integrated commercial prototype coal-fired carbon capture and storage projects in the USA.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2021

Influence of Business Models on PV-Battery Dispatch Decisions and Market Value

PV-battery hybrid projects dominate interconnection queues in some regions in the United States, but few projects have been operational long enough to assess how the hybrid capabilities may be used in practice. We interview plant operators and analyze empirical dispatch data for eleven large-scale PV-battery hybrids in three organized wholesale markets in the United States. We use the dispatch data and wholesale market prices to estimate the market value of our sample hybrids in 2020. The empirical increase in market value of a PV-battery hybrid relative to a standalone PV plant varies by project and ranges from $\$$1 to $\$$48/MWhsolar. The premium is driven by market, location, technical characteristics of the PV and battery asset, and battery dispatch strategies. In contrast to the widespread assumptions in the PV-battery hybrid modeling literature, only three of the eleven project operators optimize battery usage for wholesale market revenue as merchant plants. Instead, the majority of operators in the sample have alternate objectives. For example, load-serving entities target peak load reductions, incentive program participants focus on compliance with program requirements, and large energy consumers prioritize resiliency and utility bill minimization. Understanding prevalent dispatch signals and the degree of alignment with system-wide grid needs can increase the market value of PV-battery hybrids.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Criticality Accident Alarm System Shielding Benchmark: Integral Experiment Request 498, Critical Engineering Decision 2 Report

A workable design to perform a CAAS benchmark experiment is detailed herein. Key dimensions, materials, source intensity levels, and detectors are listed in this report. Sensitivity to 21 perturbations was determined to be acceptable. The next step will be for NCSP management to determine whether procurement should occur and if the experiment should proceed. The perturbation study suggests that the room return shield cavity radius and runout should be maintained to within a millimeter, the room return shield should be positioned carefully (perhaps with a laser range finder), and that the detectors should be mounted in a lightweight fixture such as aluminum, so their positioning is assured. Using a 3D scanner or photogrammetry to record part shapes may be beneficial. Further work is also needed to verify source reproducibility.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

SimCCS: CCS Infrastructure Decision Support [Slides]

SimCCS can help determine optimal, regional network of CO 2 sources, CO 2 sinks and CO 2 transport infrastructure that meet desired CCS goals. Deployment of large-scale CCS will require large-scale regional infrastructure. Strategic investments in developing regional CO 2 transportation infrastructure can facilitate timely CCS deployment (including at large-scale). Economies of scale can help to minimize costs. Development of effective & efficient CCS infrastructure requires taking into consideration characteristics of point sources (for capture), region (for transport) and sinks (for storage).

58 GEOSCIENCES↗