Asteroid families and ''jet streams''
Asteroid families and jet streams, searching for regularities and resonances in mean family elements
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Asteroid families and jet streams, searching for regularities and resonances in mean family elements
Icarus asteroid positions, UBV magnitude, brightness, colors, light curves and polarization, noting stony-iron composition
Absorption bands in reflection spectra of various asteroids, comparing Vesta composition to meteorites and Apollo 11 samples
Asteroidal parent bodies heating by electrical induction during early solar evolution
Optimized trajectories and spacecraft for solar- electric missions to asteroids, using chemical booster for injection
Approximate solution for large asteroid distribution with masses near limiting largest mass of population
Evaluation of gas discharge transducer and associated instrumentation for asteroid belt meteoroid experiment with Pioneer probes F/G
Photographic and photoelectric photometry of asteroids, discussing luminescence, reflectivities, light curves, colors and phase variations observations
Lydia asteroid observations, presenting light curves brightness and phase functions near opposition
Asteroid magnetospheres effects on magnetic moments and whistler mode noise propagation in solar wind
Asteroids flyby approaches during Jupiter missions and Grand Tours, obtaining gravitational deflection of spacecraft trajectories and mass cost estimates
The characteristics and capabilities of solar electric propulsion for performing sample-return missions to the asteroids Flora and Eros are considered. Trajectory/payload analysis and mission design tradeoff options are emphasized.
The initial phases in the genesis of the solar system are examined. Particular attention is given to asteroids and comets.
Calculations show that several occultations of stars by the large satellites of the outer planets, Pluto, and the large asteroids could be observed each decade with existing equipment at earth-based telescopes. A systematic program of occultation predictions and observations is urged in order to improve our knowledge about the atmospheres, sizes, shapes, topography, and positions of these poorly understood bodies, in support of forthcoming spacecraft missions to the outer solar system.
Summary of a feasibility study of CARD mission/system concepts for comet Encke and asteroid Eros missions in the late 1970s. A common planetary vehicle employing a modular SEP (solar electric propulsion) system and a direct rendezvous/docking mode with a staged science/sampling module appears feasible based on 1973 technology. The SEP system utilizes 3.5-kW, 3500-sec Isp mercury ion thrusters and rollout solar arrays sized at 36 (Encke) and 13 (Eros) kW based on the Titan III family launch vehicles. Science payloads, sampling concepts, and supporting spacecraft subsystems are defined. Problem areas are identified, and programmatic considerations are discussed.
Review of the currently consolidating interest in one or more relatively inexpensive small body exploration missions, and discussion of a proposed ballistic flyby of two asteroids and the periodic comet Forbes, to be launched in 1977. Trajectory data and target encounter conditions are presented for a selected set of missions which are compatible with the propulsion capabilities of a modified Pioneer F & G spacecraft.
The present day knowledge is reported of comets and asteroids and recommendations for a development program needed to provide instruments to achieve certain scientific objectives are also presented. Discussions include reports on the primary experiments and instruments, the instruments of potential applicability, mission classes and parameters, mission opportunities, and vehicular technology. An annotated bibliography and recommendations for flight projects, propulsion systems, and experiment development are included.
It is pointed out that until very recently not even a crude idea of the sizes was available for any but the five brightest satellites and, more marginally, the three brightest asteroids. Attention is given to three new techniques which are yielding radii for dozens of small objects and which, by virtue of their independence of angular size, are capable of extension to even smaller and fainter objects. The first new technique, and by far the most precise, is to derive the radius, and in many cases the shape as well, from timings of an occultation of a star by the small body. Both of the other new techniques are based on methods of determining surface reflectivities, since once the geometric albedo is known, the radius can be determined from the brightness.