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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,441 records · Page 80
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2015

A broadband gyrotron backward-wave oscillator with tapered interaction structure and magnetic field

The gyro-monotron and gyrotron backward-wave oscillator (gyro-BWO) are the two oscillator versions of gyrotrons. While serving different functions, they are also radically different in the RF field formation mechanisms. The gyro-monotron RF field profile is essentially fixed by the resonant interaction structure, while the gyro-BWO possesses an extra degree of freedom in that the axial RF field profile is self-determined by the beam-wave interaction in a waveguide structure. The present study examines ways to utilize the latter feature for bandwidth broadening with a tapered magnetic field, while also employing a tapered waveguide to enhance the interaction efficiency. We begin with a mode competition analysis, which suggests the theoretical feasibility of broadband frequency tuning in single-mode operation. It is then shown in theory that, by controlling the RF field profile with an up- or down-tapered magnetic field, the gyro-BWO is capable of efficient operation with a much improved tunable bandwidth.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Experimental study of an X-band phase-locked relativistic backward wave oscillator

To achieve high power microwave combined with high frequency band, an X-band phase-locked relativistic backward wave oscillator (RBWO) is proposed and investigated theoretically and experimentally using a modulated electron beam. In the device, an overmoded input cavity and a buncher cavity are employed to premodulate the electron beam. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that an input power of 90 kW is sufficient to lock the frequency and phase of 1.5 GW output microwave with the locking bandwidth of 60 MHz. Moreover, phase and frequency locking of an RBWO has been accomplished experimentally with an output power of 1.5 GW. The fluctuation of the relative phase difference between output microwave and input RF signal is less than ±20° with the locking duration of about 50 ns. The input RF power required to lock the oscillator is only 90 kW.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Remote synchronization of amplitudes across an experimental ring of non-linear oscillators

In this paper, the emergence of remote synchronization in a ring of 32 unidirectionally coupled non-linear oscillators is reported. Each oscillator consists of 3 negative voltage gain stages connected in a loop to which two integrators are superimposed and receives input from its preceding neighbour via a “mixing” stage whose gains form the main system control parameters. Collective behaviour of the network is investigated numerically and experimentally, based on a custom-designed circuit board featuring 32 field-programmable analog arrays. A diverse set of synchronization patterns is observed depending on the control parameters. While phase synchronization ensues globally, albeit imperfectly, for certain control parameter values, amplitudes delineate subsets of non-adjacent but preferentially synchronized nodes; this cannot be trivially explained by synchronization paths along sequences of structurally connected nodes and is therefore interpreted as representing a form of remote synchronization. Complex topology of functional synchronization thus emerges from underlying elementary structural connectivity. In addition to the Kuramoto order parameter and cross-correlation coefficient, other synchronization measures are considered, and preliminary findings suggest that generalized synchronization may identify functional relationships across nodes otherwise not visible. Further work elucidating the mechanism underlying this observation of remote synchronization is necessary, to support which experimental data and board design materials have been made freely downloadable.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

A vast amount of various invariant tori in the Nosé-Hoover oscillator

This letter restudies the Nosé-Hoover oscillator. Some new averagely conservative regions are found, each of which is filled with different sequences of nested tori with various knot types. Especially, the dynamical behaviors near the border of “chaotic region” and conservative regions are studied showing that there exist more complicated and thinner invariant tori around the boundaries of conservative regions bounded by tori. Our results suggest an infinite number of island chains in a “chaotic sea” for the Nosé-Hoover oscillator.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Degeneracy of energy levels of pseudo-Gaussian oscillators

We study the main features of the isotropic radial pseudo-Gaussian oscillators spectral properties. This study is made upon the energy levels degeneracy with respect to orbital angular momentum quantum number. In a previous work [6] we have shown that the pseudo-Gaussian oscillators belong to the class of quasi-exactly solvable models and an exact solution has been found.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Effect of structural disorder on quantum oscillations in graphite

We have studied the effect of structural disorder on the de Haas van Alphen and Shubnikov de Haas quantum oscillations measured in natural, Kish, and highly oriented pyrolytic graphite samples at temperatures down to 30 mK and at magnetic fields up to 14 T. The measurements were performed on different samples characterized by means of x-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic-force microscopy techniques. Our results reveal a correlation between the amplitude of quantum oscillations and the sample surface roughness.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Optical constants, single-oscillator modal and refractive index dispersion analysis of lithium zinc bismuth borate glasses doped with Eu{sup 3+} ions

The glasses of composition xLi{sub 2}O-15ZnO- 20Bi{sub 2}O{sub 3}- (64 - x) B{sub 2}O{sub 3}- 1EuO (ZLB) (where x=0, 5, 10, 15, 20 mole %) prepared by melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature of the prepared glasses was confirmed by XRD spectra. The UV-Vis optical absorption spectrum was recorded in the wave length range of 200-1000 nm. It is observed that the optical band gap is inversely changing with Urbach energy. The optical constants such as G (a constant proportional to the second-order deformation potential) and E{sub f} (a constant that depends on local coordination and is called as free energy of the glass system). The most significant result of the present work is the refractive index dispersion curves of the ZLB glasses obey the single-oscillator model and oscillator parameters (E{sub o}, E{sub d}) changed with the Li{sub 2}O content. the absorption edge, band gap and Urbach energy is changing nonlinearly with increasing content of Li{sub 2}O, which can be used to calculate the optical, physical, and other constants.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Enhancement of output power in spin torque nano-oscillator using heterogeneous layer

The article mainly focuses on the enrichment of the output power obtained from Spin torque nano-oscillator by introducing the heterogeneous structure in multilayer nanopillar device. Here we devised two homogeneous and two heterogeneous devices having NiFe and Co materials. The dynamics of the devices are governed by a famous Landu- Lifshitz -Gilbert-Solencskwei (LLGS) equation which can be solved numerically using embedded RK-4 procedure. The current density and the external magnetic field for four devices are taken as 5×l0{sup 11}A/m{sup 2} and 6×l0{sup −3} A/m respectively. The applied dc current is converted into spin polarized dc current while it passes through pinned layer. The generated spin polarized dc currents produces spin transfer torque with the free layer magnetization via spacer. Thus the magnetization of the free layer gets a sustained oscillation. The results obtained from the heterogeneous STNOs are really fascinating. The frequency of the NiFe/ Cu/NiFe and Co/Cu/NiFe devices have the same frequency but there is a tremendous change in the output power which is exactly twice that the NiFe/Cu/NiFe device. The similar behaviour is also obtained from Co/Cu/Co and NiFe/Cu/Co devices. The line width and the Q-factor of the output microwave signal are also computed. Among the four devices, the NiFe/Cu/Co heterogeneous device has low linewidth (408 MHz) and high Q-factor (4.77).

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Effects of oxygen plasma etching on Sb{sub 2}Te{sub 3} explored by torque detected quantum oscillations

De Haas–van Alphen measurements evidence that oxygen plasma etching strongly affects the properties of the three-dimensional topological insulator Sb{sub 2}Te{sub 3}. The quantum oscillations in magnetization down to low temperature (T ≥ 2 K) and high magnetic field (B ≤ 7 T) have been systematically investigated using a high-sensitive cantilever torque magnetometer. The effective mass and the oscillation frequency obtained from de Haas–van Alphen measurements first increase and then decrease as the oxygen plasma etching time increases from 0 to 12 min, corresponding to an up- and down-shift of the Dirac point. We establish the cantilever torque magnetometer as a powerful contactless tool to investigate the oxygen sensitivity of the surface state in topological insulators.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

A multi-GHz chaotic optoelectronic oscillator based on laser terminal voltage

A multi-GHz chaotic optoelectronic oscillator based on an external cavity semiconductor laser (ECL) is demonstrated. Unlike the standard optoelectronic oscillators for microwave applications, we do not employ the dynamic light output incident on a photodiode to generate the microwave signal, but instead generate the microwave signal directly by measuring the terminal voltage V(t) of the laser diode of the ECL under constant-current operation, thus obviating the photodiode entirely.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Exchange magnon induced resistance asymmetry in permalloy spin-Hall oscillators

We investigate magnetization dynamics in a spin-Hall oscillator using a direct current measurement as well as conventional microwave spectrum analysis. When the current applies an anti-damping spin-transfer torque, we observe a change in resistance which we ascribe mainly to the excitation of incoherent exchange magnons. A simple model is developed based on the reduction of the effective saturation magnetization, quantitatively explaining the data. The observed phenomena highlight the importance of exchange magnons on the operation of spin-Hall oscillators.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Mode competition and selection in overmoded surface wave oscillator

The overmoded surface wave oscillator (SWO) is one of the promising devices to generate high-power millimeter and subterahertz waves for its merits of high efficiency and easy fabrication. But the employed slow wave structure with large diameter may introduce mode competition as the adverse effects. Therefore, the mode competition and selection in the overmoded surface wave oscillator are investigated in detail in this paper. By using the theoretical analysis and particle-in-cell simulation, the potential transverse mode and axial mode competition is pointed out, and the physical mechanisms and methods for mode selection are investigated. At last, the results are verified in the design of a 0.14 THz overmoded SWO without mode competition, which can generate the output power up to 70 MW at the frequency of 146.3 GHz with conversion efficiency almost 20% when beam voltage and current are, respectively, about 313 kV and 1.13 kA.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Oscillation degeneracy in non-standard neutrino interactions

The standard theory describing neutrino oscillations only uses the interactions predicted by the Standard Model of particle physics. However, there is plenty of room for non-standard interactions (NSI) to exist. This is because extra interactions are allowed by experimental error bars and even expected at some level from effective theory arguments. This research is focused on examining the phenomenological consequences of the new physics of NSI at large atmospheric neutrino detectors like IceCube DeepCore. Of particular focus are the degeneracies between and within the standard neutrino oscillation parameters and the NSI parameters. These degeneracies will be explored both analytically and numerically, and strategies to lift them will also be discussed. This research is largely based on [1].

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Optomechanical design and construction of a vacuum-compatible optical parametric oscillator for generation of squeezed light

With the recent detection of gravitational waves, non-classical light sources are likely to become an essential element of future detectors engaged in gravitational wave astronomy and cosmology. Operating a squeezed light source under high vacuum has the advantages of reducing optical losses and phase noise compared to techniques where the squeezed light is introduced from outside the vacuum. This will ultimately provide enhanced sensitivity for modern interferometric gravitational wave detectors that will soon become limited by quantum noise across much of the detection bandwidth. Here we describe the optomechanical design choices and construction techniques of a near monolithic glass optical parametric oscillator that has been operated under a vacuum of 10{sup −6} mbar. The optical parametric oscillator described here has been shown to produce 8.6 dB of quadrature squeezed light in the audio frequency band down to 10 Hz. This performance has been maintained for periods of around an hour and the system has been under vacuum continuously for several months without a degradation of this performance.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2016

Analysis of the hot-cavity mode composition of an X-band overmoded relativistic backward wave oscillators

Overmoded RBWO (Relativistic Backward Wave Oscillators) is utilized more and more often for its high power capacity. However, both sides of SWS (Slow Wave Structure) of overmoded RBWO consist multi TM{sub 0n} modes; in order to achieve the design of reflector, it is essential to make clear of the mode composition of TM{sub 0n}. NUDT (National University of Defence Technology) had done research of the output mode composition in overmoded O-type Cerenkov HPM (High Power Microwave) Oscillators in detail, but in the area where the electron beam exists, the influence of electron beam must be taken into account. Hot-cavity dispersion equation is figured out in this article first, and then analyzes the hot-cavity mode composition of an X-band overmoded RBWO tentatively. The results show that in collimating hole, the hot-cavity mode analysis is more accurate.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2016

Improvement of the low frequency oscillation model for Hall thrusters

The low frequency oscillation of the discharge current in Hall thrusters is a major aspect of these devices that requires further study. While the existing model captures the ionization mechanism of the low frequency oscillation, it unfortunately fails to express the dynamic characteristics of the ion acceleration. The analysis in this paper shows this is because of the simplification of the electron equation, which affects both the electric field distribution and the ion acceleration process. Additionally, the electron density equation is revised and a new model that is based on the physical properties of ion movement is proposed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

A 60-GHz interferometer with a local oscillator integrated antenna array for divertor simulation experiments on GAMMA 10/PDX

In conventional multichannel/imaging microwave diagnostics of interferometry, reflectometry, and electron cyclotron emission measurements, a local oscillator (LO) signal is commonly supplied to a receiver array via irradiation using LO optics. In this work, we present a 60-GHz interferometer with a new eight-channel receiver array, called a local oscillator integrated antenna array (LIA). An outstanding feature of LIA is that it incorporates a frequency quadrupler integrated circuit for LO supply to each channel. This enables simple and uniform LO supply to the receiver array using only a 15-GHz LO source and a coaxial cable transmission line instead of using an expensive 60-GHz source, LO optics, and a waveguide transmission line. The new interferometer system is first applied to measure electron line-averaged density inside the divertor simulation experimental module (D-module) on GAMMA 10/PDX tandem mirror device.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2016

Effective mass of two-dimensional electrons in InGaAsN/GaAsSb type II quantum well by Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations

In order to develop optical devices for 2–3 μm wavelength regions, the InP-based InGaAs/GaAsSb type II multiple quantum well system has been investigated. By doping nitrogen into InGaAs layers, the system becomes effective in creating the optical devices with a longer wavelength. In this report, electrical transport properties are reported on the InGaAsN/GaAsSb type II system. The epitaxial layers with the single hetero or multiple quantum well structure on InP substrates are grown by the molecular beam epitaxy. The electrical resistance of samples with different nitrogen concentrations has been measured as a function of the magnetic field up to 9 Tesla at several temperatures between 2 and 6 K. The oscillation of the resistance due to the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) effect has been observed at each temperature. The effective mass is obtained from the temperature dependence of the amplitude of the SdH oscillations. The value of the effective mass increases from 0.048 for N = 0.0% to 0.062 for N = 1.2 and 1.5% as the nitrogen concentration increases. The mass enhancement occurs with corresponding to the reduction of the bandgap energy. These results are consistent with the band anticrossing model.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗