SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “CHARTS - STRESSES”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,441 records · Page 80

All sources NASA NTRS DOE OSTI

NASA NTRS1984

Recent advances in multispectral sensing of ocean surface temperature from space

Visual and infrared measurements from the five channel AVHRR on the NOAA-7 satellite are used operationally to derive sea surface temperatures. The multichannel data perform daytime and nighttime cloud detection tests, and the several atmospheric window channels in the thermal infrared correct for atmospheric attenuation. Monitoring of the sea surface temperature product with buoy data indicates stability in mean bias and rms difference with little variation by season or geographic area. Global mapping enables the derivation of monthly mean isotherms, monthly and annual changes, and anomaly patterns relative to climatology. Problems are associated with noise in the 3.7 micro m window channel, and with the injection of substantial volcanic aerosol into the stratosphere by the El Chichon eruption. Multichannel sea surface temperature charts are used to study phenomena such as equatorial long waves and the recent El Nino episode.

Mcclain, E. P.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Method to estimate drag coefficient at the air/ice interface over drifting open pack ice from remotely sensed data

A knowledge in near real time, of the surface drag coefficient for drifting pack ice is vital for predicting its motions. And since this is not routinely available from measurements it must be replaced by estimates. Hence, a method for estimating this variable, as well as the drag coefficient at the water/ice interface and the ice thickness, for drifting open pack ice was developed. These estimates were derived from three-day sequences of LANDSAT-1 MSS images and surface weather charts and from the observed minima and maxima of these variables. The method was tested with four data sets in the southeastern Beaufort sea. Acceptable results were obtained for three data sets. Routine application of the method depends on the availability of data from an all-weather air or spaceborne remote sensing system, producing images with high geometric fidelity and high resolution.

Feldman, U.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Laboratory discharge studies of a 6 V alkaline lantern-type battery Eveready Energizer no. 528, under various ambient temperatures (-15 deg C and + 22 deg C) and loads (30 omega and 60 omega)

The voltages of two Eveready No. 528 batteries, one the test battery, the other the control battery, were simultaneously recorded as they were discharged across 30 omega loads using a dual chart recorder. The test battery was initially put in a freezer at -15 + or - 3 C. After its voltage had fallen to .6 V, it was brought back out into the room at 22 + or - 3 C. A second run was made with 60 omega loads. Assuming a 3.0 V cut-off, the total energy output of the test battery at -15 C was 26 WHr 30 omega and 35 WHr 60 omega, and the corresponding numbers for the control battery at 22 C were 91 WHr and 100 WHr. When the test battery was subsequently allowed to warm up, the voltage rose above 4 V and the total energy output rose to 80 WHr 30 omega and 82 WHR 60 omega.

Ahrens, S. T.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Flight data file: STS-4 crew activity plan

The STS-4 Crew Activity Plan contains the on-orbit timeline, which is a flight data file article. Various time scales such as Mission Elapsed Time (MET), Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), and time until deorbit ignition as well as crew activities, day/night, orbit position, ground tracking, communication coverage, attitude, and maneuvers are presented in chart form.

Pippert, E. B., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Programming for energy monitoring/display system in multicolor lidar system research

The Z80 microprocessor based computer program that directs and controls the operation of the six channel energy monitoring/display system that is a part of the NASA Multipurpose Airborne Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) system is described. The program is written in the Z80 assembly language and is located on EPROM memories. All source and assembled listings of the main program, five subroutines, and two service routines along with flow charts and memory maps are included. A combinational block diagram shows the interfacing (including port addresses) between the six power sensors, displays, front panel controls, the main general purpose minicomputer, and this dedicated microcomputer system.

Alvarado, R. C., Jr.↗

NASA NTRS1982

State of the art: Design for noise II

Charts relating to helicopter noise reduction design efforts are given. Information regarding priorities, design guidelines, design margins, risks, noise prediction, derivative trends, design impact, and cost impact is given.

Cox, C. R.↗

NASA NTRS1984

User's manual for a fuel-conservative descent planning algorithm implemented on a small programmable calculator

A simplified flight management descent algorithm was developed and programmed on a small programmable calculator. It was designed to aid the pilot in planning and executing a fuel conservative descent to arrive at a metering fix at a time designated by the air traffic control system. The algorithm may also be used for planning fuel conservative descents when time is not a consideration. The descent path was calculated for a constant Mach/airspeed schedule from linear approximations of airplane performance with considerations given for gross weight, wind, and nonstandard temperature effects. An explanation and examples of how the algorithm is used, as well as a detailed flow chart and listing of the algorithm are contained.

Vicroy, D. D.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Multispectral Scanner (MSS) Instrument Description

The MSS sensor image processing and resolution capabilities as well as a general system description are presented in chart form. Emphasis is placed on absolute radiometric calibration, video and wedge level timing sequence, focal plane dimensions, sampling sequence, and a description of the mirror coordinate systems.

Barker, J. L.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Thematic Mapper (TM) Instrument Description

A detailed description of the thematic mapper (TM) instrument is presented in chart form. A comparison is made between TM and MSS capabilities. Applications for TM data are also included.

Engel, J.↗

NASA NTRS1983

A versatile ground data display system for Spacelab experiments

A microprocessor-based data capture and display system suited to the needs of many Spacelab experimenters is described. Although developed specifically for the needs of the FAUST UV astronomy telescope, several features of the system may make it attractive to other groups who need to interact with their Spacelab data in real or near-real time. The display system captures data from the serial data stream originating in the Spacelab experiment computer input/output (ECIO) data channel, and can reformat and display several hundred variables per second in real time. The system offers a combination of CRT display and analog paper strip-chart output. A facility is also provided for simultaneously creating floppy-disk records of short segments of data according to prearranged criteria, to allow detailed examination of critical events in the operation of the experiment. The simplicity, economy, reliability, and flexibility of the display system suggest its use for monitoring a variety of low- and medium-data-rate Spacelab experiments.

Werthimer, D.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Redshifts of groups and clusters in the rich superclusters 1451+22 and 1615+43

Redshift measurements and finding charts are presented for galaxy clusters in the field of two rich, distant superclusters. Both systems are shown to have morphological and dynamical properties similar to the nearby superclusters, including small internal velocity dispersions and high density contrasts in redshift space. This data is consistent with two interpretations: either both superclusters are highly flattened systems with major axes close to the plane of the sky, or the observed velocity dispersions do not arise from unperturbed Hubble flow. If the latter explanation is correct, these radial velocity data are a powerful probe of the large scale matter density in the universe.

Ciardullo, R.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Spectroscopy of cataclysmic variables. I - Observations

Spectroscopic observations of 69 cataclysmic variables are presented. Representative spectra, accurate coordinates, and finding charts are given for each object. Line strengths, equivalent widths, and line widths for all emission lines in 153 spectra are tabulated. The spectra are discussed briefly, and notes to selected objects are given.

Williams, G.↗

NASA NTRS1982

An experiment to enable commercial mobile satellite service

A Mobile Satellite Experiment (MSAT-X) is described, based on a planned cooperative U.S./Canadian program. The experiment would establish network architecture, develop system and ground-segment technology, and define the technical characteristics needed to help structure the regulatory/institutional framework needed to enable a first-generation commercial satellite service. A satellite of this type would augment terrestrial systems, both cellular and noncellular, in the thin-route/rural areas of the country where service is either unavailable or inadequate. Applications range from wide-area radio/dispatch (e.g., oil exploration and interstate trucking) to extension of the public mobile telephone service. Market estimates are provided and experiment objectives and requirements are delineated. The requirements are being developed in close coordination with the Department of Communications (DOC) of Canada and with industry and potential-user organizations. The paper closes with a development plan and milestone chart.

Lovell, R. R.↗

NASA NTRS1983

X-ray observations of M33 with the high resolution imager on the Einstein Observatory

Three observations, separated by 6 months, of the Local Group galaxy M33 using the high resolution imager (HRI) on the Einstein Observatory are reported. Eight X-ray sources with luminosites ranging from 8 x 10 to the 36th to 1.2 x 10 to the 39th ergs/s have been detected. For seven of these sources, finding charts with positions accurate to less than 5 arcsec are provided. The X-ray properties and possible identifications are discussed for the eight HRI-detected sources and for two other sources, previously described by Long et al. (1981), for which upper limits are provided. It is found that most of the sources are associated with Population I markers. One source may be coincident with an optical supernova remnant. The most luminous source (by a factor of at least 25) is that associated with the optical nucleus. Because the X-ray flux from the nucleus decreased by a factor of 1/2 between the first and second observations, it is most likely that a single, compact object is responsible for the X-ray emission. It is possible that this source may be an active galactic nucleus, a massive binary X-ray source, or a low-mass X-ray binary such as are found in globular clusters within the Galaxy.

Markert, T. H.↗

NASA NTRS1984

On the design of contractions and settling chambers for optimal turbulence manipulations in wind tunnels

The sensitivity of a moderate axisymmetric contraction of turbulence to upstream conditions is parametrically investigated in terms of turbulence intensities and integral length scales. Semi-empirical correlations are derived to characterize the development of turbulence intensities and integral length scales downstream of typical wind-tunnel turbulence manipulators. A new approach is described, permitting wind-tunnel designers to select the characteristic mesh of the turbulence manipulators, a well as the distance from them to the contraction, in order to obtain certain required turbulence characteristics in the test section at the exit of the contraction. The design charts strongly suggest that it may not be possible to achieve small scales and low intensities simultaneously, when using a contraction ratio of nine or larger. The results also confirm that the rapid distortion theory is only valid, with a proper viscous dissipation correction, up to the 'critical point' of a contraction. At that point, the scales of the various components of the velocity are equal and intercomponent transfer from the lateral to the streamwise velocities commences.

Nagib, H. M.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Application of speech recognition and synthesis in the general aviation cockpit

Interactive speech recognition/synthesis technology is assessed as a method for the aleviation of single-pilot IFR flight workloads. Attention was given during this series of evaluations to the conditions typical of general aviation twin-engine aircrft cockpits, covering several commonly encountered IFR flight condition scenarios. The most beneficial speech command tasks are noted to be in the data retrieval domain, which would allow the pilot access to uplinked data, checklists, and performance charts. Data entry tasks also appear to benefit from this technology.

North, R. A.↗

NASA NTRS1984

The structure and energetics of midlatitude disturbances accompanying cold-air outbreaks over East Asia

The evolution of extratropical transient waves as they propagate eastward from the Eurasian land mass toward the Pacific during selected cold surge events in the winter Monsoon Experiment (MONEX) is studied. The outstanding cold surge episodes during MONEX are first identified, and the salient synoptic features related to these events are described using composite streamline charts. The structure of rapidly varying disturbances accompanying the cold surges and the associated energetics are examined, and the behavior of those fluctuations over relatively longer time scales is addressed.

Lau, N.-C.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Computer models and output, Spartan REM: Appendix B

A computer model of the Spartan Release Engagement Mechanism (REM) is presented in a series of numerical charts and engineering drawings. A crack growth analysis code is used to predict the fracture mechanics of critical components.

Marlowe, D. S.↗