Computational Analysis of X-57 Rate Derivatives and Comparison to Wind Tunnel Data
Rate derivates of the wind tunnel model of X-57 were evaluated using hysteresis from computational fluid dynamics simulation and compared with that computed using the wind tunnel experimental data. To accomplish the task, hysteresis of the pitch, roll, and yaw oscillations were produced numerically using two different CFD solvers: STARCCM+ and Launch Ascent and Vehicle Analysis. The rate derivatives were computed using same parameter identification technique on CFD-based and wind tunnel-based hysteresis data. Results show CFD-based pitch rate derivatives have large error, up to 73%, while the lateral and direction derivates compared well with errors within 5% with respect to the that computed using the wind tunnel data. This may be due to lack of wind tunnel wall and sting model in the CFD simulation as well as lack of wall correction in the wind tunnel data which has larger impact on pitch than lateral and directional oscillations. Geometrical features such as the shape, slope of extremities, and enclosed area were compared between CFD-based and wind tunnel-based hysteresis. Results show that area enclosed by the hysteresis had largest influence on the accuracy of the computed rate derivatives given that shape of the hysteresis were roughly equivalent.