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At least 145 records · Page 8

Technical Assistance for Rural Alaska Tribal Energy Solutions (Final Technical Report)

The original intent of this project was to provide technical assistance (TA) to rural Tribal communities across all regions of Alaska with a focus on public infrastructure. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (ANTHC) met this goal by providing more than 48 instances of energy-related technical assistance to rural Alaska Native communities, many of which led to them securing funding and implementing new projects that contributed to reducing the high cost of energy. Additionally, the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Indian Energy staff saw the benefits of the energy technical assistance services being provided by ANTHC and, recognizing the value of having a trusted tribal non-profit entity providing technical support to its membership, amended the project to include standardization of TA services, internal capacity building, and regional outreach. This amended scope allowed ANTHC to streamline and standardize its technical assistance process, provide outreach to rural Alaska Native communities about DOE and ANTHC’s technical assistance program, and improve the ability of staff to provide even higher quality technical deliverables in support of energy projects. Overall, this project was successful in using technical assistance to empower both rural Alaska Native communities and the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium to develop and deploy energy efficiency and renewable energy solutions that will reduce the extremely high energy cost burdens facing Tribal communities in Alaska.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗

Integrated Risk-Informed Condition Based Maintenance Capability and Automated Platform: Technical Report 3

This project is a collaborative research effort between PKMJ Technical Services LLC, Idaho National Laboratory, and Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG) Nuclear, LLC. The collaboration, led by PKMJ Technical Services LLC, is part of the industry Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) award under Advanced Nuclear Technology Development FOA #DE-FOA-0001817. The pilot demonstration focuses on the Circulating Water System (CWS), an important non-safety-related system that impacts the power generation capability of the plant site. Achieving riskinformed condition-based Predictive Maintenance (PdM) on the CWS will result in significant economic benefits, and the developed methodologies can also be applied to other plant systems. This approach supports an industry goal of ensuring that nuclear power generation remains a viable, economically competitive option in the energy market. Operation and Maintenance (O&M) costs include labor-intensive Preventive Maintenance (PM) programs that involve manually performed inspection, calibration, testing, and maintenance of plant assets at periodic frequencies as well as time-based replacement of assets, irrespective of condition. This project offers an alternative by focusing on riskinformed condition-based maintenance to reduce O&M costs while still maintaining plant health and safety. This report summarizes the progress made toward achieving a risk-informed condition-based maintenance approach. The research and development (R&D) activities presented in this report are associated with development of a nuclear digital platform application, integration of fault signature models, and automated work management processes. The fault signatures and Machine Learning (ML) models are key components in predictive analytics and are heavily leveraged to improve the insights received by existing plant process data sources. Availability of the analysis results within a centralized digital platform enhances efficiency by enabling automation of activities otherwise performed manually. Personnel are presented with enhanced information that can be used to evaluate plant status and risks. Utilizing the enhancements to data analytics supports automated responses, (i.e. issuance of work orders) to address developing equipment faults and thus preventing forced, unplanned shutdowns of components or systems. The R&D activities described within this report lay the foundation for developing and demonstrating a digital automated platform to centralize the implementation of condition monitoring and response to equipment faults. The digital automated platform is cloud-based and designed to enable improved efficiency of plant processes. The digital platform includes content related to maintenance optimization, fault signature analysis, and plant records, which can all be used to support efficiencies when located within a centralized digital platform. These efficiencies could be further enhanced when deployed through industry-wide deployment of the technology to improve insights and processes based upon economies of scale.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

A Combined Water and CO 2 Direct Air Capture System (Final Technical Report)

The primary objective of the project was to demonstrate the technical and economic performance of a technology that simultaneously captures CO 2 and water from the air – a Hybrid Direct Air Capture system (HDAC). In HDAC, air is passed over water capture section as well as a CO 2 selective sorbent to remove CO 2 from the air stream. Combining potable water generation and CO 2 capture in a single device with the unique energy conserving features of the proposed design enables long-term projected CAPEX under $\$$750/t-CO 2 and levelized cost of capture (LCOC) of $\$$140/t-CO 2 . Project DE-FE-0031970 "A Combined Water and CO 2 Direct Air Capture System" ran for four years and three months from 10/01/2020 to 12/31/2024 for three budget periods and an extension period. The total project budget at completion was $\$$3,534,408 consisting of a $\$$2,680,064 federal share and $\$$854,344 cost share. The pilot plant was successfully designed, engineered, built and commissioned during the initial three budget periods. The plant demonstrated successful water capture during this period, whereas initial CO 2 capture was well below target values. The project team requested an extension period during which alternate materials and beds were evaluated. By the end of the project, both moisture swing adsorption of CO 2 and water capture had successfully been demonstrated at target capture rates making further scale-up of the technology viable.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Search for a Non-Zero Value of the Electric Dipole Moment of the Neutron (Final Technical Report)

The research grant addressed in this final report began its most recent 3-year segment June 1, 2022 and terminated May 31, 2025. The work funded by the grant supported our group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in its collaboration on the nEDM@SNS (SNS refers to the Spallation Neutron Source) project at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). This project had as its goal the measurement of a non-zero value of the electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM). If indeed the neutron has a non-zero electric dipole moment, it will tell us very important information about the Standard Model of Nuclear and Particle Physics. The Standard Model is remarkably successful in describing much of the world we live in, but we know it is not complete. A non-zero nEDM would indicate the existence of strong CP violation, which would be a major addition to the Standard Model.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

Development of high throughput light-sheet fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy for 3D functional imaging of metabolic pathways in plant and microorganisms (Final Technical Report)

This research program will enable new biochemical contrast in the nanosecond lifetime domain through use of the recently demonstrated electro-optic fluorescence lifetime imaging technique (EO-FLIM) for wide-field lifetime imaging. The Stanford/Stanford Linear Accelerator Center multidisciplinary collaboration -- physics, applied physics, and structural biology -- will develop a light-sheet fluorescence lifetime imaging microscope for functional studies of microbial and plant metabolic pathways and dynamic interactions between plants and microorganisms in the rhizosphere. The proposed approach overcomes the imaging time bottleneck associated with existing fluorescence lifetime imaging methods. Initial demonstrations have shown a factor of 100,000 improvement in photon throughput compared to existing methods. High photon efficiency allowed the first wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging of single molecules. Recent work has improved the technique’s repetition rate to enable compatibility with mode-locked lasers and demonstrated the combination of wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging with super-resolution localization microscopy, observations of single molecule dynamics, and observation of donor lifetime quenching in single-molecule imaging. These results were achieved on standard camera sensors and would not have been possible with other wide-field approaches. The throughput and photon economy of the EO-FLIM method enables new BER-relevant imaging opportunities. In particular, scanned single- and two-photon light-sheet excitation will be used to achieve volumetric imaging with time-domain contrast.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

UNLOQ: UNderstanding coherence in Light-matter interfaces for Quantum Science (Final Technical Report)

The general goal of this project is to prepare next-generation quantum systems for novel quantum information science applications. Decades of research on quantum optics have provided revolutionary systems for manipulating atomic and photonic quantum coherence in transformative ways. Our hypothesis is that the next-generation quantum systems will come from nano-molecular quantum optics. Specifically, we are interested in coupling the electronic states of molecules or nanoparticles to the quantized radiation field inside an optical cavity to create a set of new photon-matter hybrid excitations, called polaritons. As opposed to atoms, the vibrational modes of molecules and nanoparticles provide new degrees of freedom to mediate the quantum transduction between electronic and photonic states, offering new ways to tune and ultimately control the quantum coherence of the integrated system. In this project we are interested in designing, fabricating, and characterizing the polaritons that arise from coupling CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) to a Fabry-Pérot optical cavity. Specific attention was paid to parameters of the system (cavity mode volume, quality factor, etc.) that would maximize the collective coupling strength. Through a combined theoretical and experimental approach, we were able to make important contributions to understanding NPL exciton-polariton photophysics including how to use cavity loss as a tunable parameter in order to manipulate the populations of the upper and lower polariton states. Finally, using state-of-the-art theoretical methods, we were able to show how the collective coupling of many molecular excitons in a cavity can protect polariton coherence from vibrationally-induced decoherence. In particular, for NPL-cavity polaritonic systems, the quantum coherence can be extended by over an order of magnitude at room temperature.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

SolSmart Technical Assistance Provider (Final Technical Report)

The SolSmart program was established in late 2015 to “establish a prominent national recognition and technical assistance program for local governments that will signal to installers and the public that a community is receptive to solar businesses and has established a supportive solar market environment. This, in turn, will reduce market barriers and lower soft costs, thus contributing to SunShot goals. The program will also assist communities who are just beginning to improve their solar markets.” By March 31, 2022 (the grant end date), the SolSmart Team designated 460 communities, more than 50% more than the initial program objective of 300 communities. The designated communities represent 42 states, the District of Columbia, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico. The SolSmart team developed and revised criteria representing best practices for local governments; recruited, trained, evaluated, and mentored communities to incorporate these best practices; and disseminated resources about solar and solar-related technologies as well as the newest best practices on a regular basis. 98% of local government officials who participated in the program said that SolSmart increased their knowledge of solar energy. The SolSmart program had both real and perceived tangible impacts on barriers to solar adoption in designated communities. Significantly, the time to permit a solar installation decreased by 7.5 days on average. This reduced the soft costs for both the solar installer (and therefore the customer) and the local government. The result is that solar installations in SolSmart communities increased by 17% per month compared with similar non-SolSmart communities. Larger and wealthier communities were more likely to pursue SolSmart designation and earn more points within SolSmart. As a result, IREC/TSF developed strategies to reach underserved communities and created new resources to help them more easily achieve designation, as described below. In the last year of the Award, 44% of designated communities were underserved, compared with 31% in the earlier years of the program. DOE issued two awards for SolSmart: the SolSmart Technical Assistance Provider (TAP), led by The Solar Foundation (TSF) which has since merged with the Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC), and the Designation Program Administrator (DPA), led by the International City/County Management Association (ICMA). IREC was lead for the TAP project and, until the time of TSF/IREC merger, was a subrecipient on the DPA project. These two projects were interdependent; one could not exist without the other. While this report will focus on the work performed by the TAP, it will be impossible to speak of this without talking about the successes, impacts, and benefits of the overall SolSmart program.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

World Congress on High Entropy Alloys (HEA 2019) (Final Technical Report)

The World Congress on High Entropy Alloys (HEA 2019) was a new, cross-disciplinary technical forum designed to share the latest research advances in materials with high configurational entropy, including both single-phase and multiphase (compositionally complex) alloys. This inaugural World Congress on High Entropy Alloys (HEA 2019) was held in Seattle, Washington from November 17-20, 2019 with the goal of HEA 2019 to assemble the international community of HEA stakeholders – including researchers, educators, and engineers – to capture the current state-of-the-art, identify current gaps in HEA efforts, and to set the stage for the future growth and application of HEAs worldwide. HEA 2019 was the environment for leaders in this field to showcase their researc, and network with their peers to informally discuss the latest developments in high entropy alloys, while also making valuable professional connections. The goal of the organizers was to ensure a high-quality conference that held a strong international presence and aimed to highlight the important advances in HEA research on a global scale. Student participation was greatly encouraged in order to give students exposure to recent advances in this field. This meeting was open to all interested individuals and attempted to provide the most advanced technical meeting possible, with a mixture of attendees from research and development, industry, and education.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

U.S. DOE Midwest Combined Heat and Power Technical Assistance Partnership (Midwest CHP TAP) (Final Technical Report)

The University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) was awarded the U.S. DOE Midwest Combined Heat and Power Technical Assistance Partnership (Midwest CHP TAP) program to provided technical and policy expertise to support local opportunities to promote CHP, waste heat to power, district energy, and microgrids in the Midwest and Central regions of the U.S. that included the states of Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin. During this contract period, UIC, through the Midwest CHP TAP activities, provided significant regional support to the U.S. strategic goals of: 1) Stimulating America’s Energy Revolution and Promoting Energy Independence; 2) Promoting Jobs and Manufacturing Competitiveness; 3) Supporting a Positive Trade Balance; 4) Enhancing Energy System Resiliency and Energy Security; and 5) Improving the Nation’s Infrastructure. UIC met the annual go/no-go metrics each year and either met and/or exceeded the milestones each year.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

National Solar Jobs Accelerator (Final Technical Report (FTR))

The aptitudes and experiences gained through military service—such as dynamic leadership, teamwork and critical thinking skills, technical specialization, and a mission-completion work ethic—make veterans exceptional candidates for a wide range of solar energy careers. The solar industry offers a highly collaborative and purpose-driven work environment that resonates with service members and veterans looking to rise to their next challenge, and solar employers are eager to tap into this valuable talent pool. From October 2019 - February 2023, The National Solar Jobs Accelerator (publicly the Solar Ready Vets Network TM (SRV Network; SRVN)) enhanced and streamlined options for military service members and veterans to pursue solar training, certification, and employment, while advancing solar employers’ efforts and capacity to invest in military talent as part of a long-term workforce development strategy. The SRVN was led by the Interstate Renewable Energy Council (IREC) in partnership with the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), the US Chamber of Commerce Foundation’s Hiring Our Heroes program (HOH) and the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP). Through several direct-impact and indirect, high-impact capacity building initiatives aligned with six key objectives, the SRV Network strengthened solar career pathways, and promoted increased representation of military talent across all levels and sectors of the solar workforce. A work-based learning Corporate Fellowship model connected transitioning service members with on-the-job experience in leadership roles with solar employers nationwide. The project advanced broader veteran recruitment and talent development by expanding GI Bill eligibility and streamlining veterans’ pathways for solar training and credentialing, supported direct connections to jobs with top solar employers, and led coordination among key education and industry partners to advance registered apprenticeships aligned with solar career pathways. To ensure that the project best served the needs of all stakeholders, an Advisory Committee of military-connected solar professionals, solar employers, and training providers met biannually to guide project activities and sustainability plans. The project team engaged the broader “SRV Network” (comprised of over 2,000 veterans, employers and training organizations) through regular newsletters and targeted outreach to share resources, hiring fairs, webinars, and other opportunities for engagement. The work done under this award builds on the previous iterations of the Department of Energy’s Solar Ready Vets ® program. As the solar industry continues to grow rapidly over the next decade, the military community will continue to be a highly valuable source of talent. The relationships established and work accomplished through this project will have an enduring positive impact well beyond the funding period.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Second Target Station (STS) Project: PIONEER Technical Report

PIONEER is a time-of-flight single-crystal neutron diffractometer at the Second Target Station (STS), aiming at providing the world-leading capability to measure tiny crystals (~0.001 mm 3 , i.e., X-ray diffraction size), ultra-thin epitaxial films (~10 nm thicknesses), and weak structural transitions and complex magnetism. The instrument will take advantage of STS source characteristics and utilize advancements in neutron optics to largely reduce the sample-volume requirement for single-crystal neutron diffraction. PIONEER will have a high-flux mode with multiple beam size options to improve the signal-to-background ratio in various sample environments. It will also provide a high Q-resolution mode by limiting beam divergence to study periodically modulated structures with characteristic lengths no less than 100 Å. Furthermore, it supports half-polarized neutron diffraction for investigating complex magnetism and local susceptibility. This report first overviews the proposed science case and the derived requirement. And then, the chosen technical solutions and expected performance will be described.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Development of Low Cost, Robust and Durable Cathode Materials to Support Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Commercialization (Final Technical Report)

The project is aimed at addressing critical issues related to chromia-poisoning in the cathode of solid oxide fuel cells. A technical hurdle to the commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells is that chromia sources from the metallic interconnect and the balance of plant (BoP) components will cause chromia-poisoning to the cathode performance. This presents a significant challenge since it is very difficult to eliminate chromia sources in the cathode environment. One aspect of the current project is to evaluate whether SFM (Sr 2 Fe 1.5 Mo 0.5 O 6-δ ) that we have recently developed as redox-stable mixed conducting oxide possesses tolerance to chromia-poisoning. The second focus of this project is to evaluate coating on the cathode materials to mitigate chromia poisoning effect. Both thermodynamic evaluation and experimental approaches have been applied to enhance the knowledge base and fundamental understanding of chromia-tolerance of cathode for solid oxide fuel cells. low cost, robust and durable cathode material to support SOFC commercialization.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗

Chevron Natural Gas Carbon Capture Technology Testing Project (Final Technical Report)

The objective of this project was to design, construct, commission, and operate an engineering scale post combustion carbon capture system to validate the technical maturity, operability, and scalability of Svante’s VeloxoTherm™ solid sorbent carbon capture technology under representative flue gas conditions. The project was executed at Chevron’s Kern River oil field in the San Joaquin Valley of California and evaluated carbon capture performance using slipstream flue gas from natural gas fired once through steam generators (OTSG), including indicative coal and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) operating scenarios.

03 NATURAL GAS↗

Theory of fluctuating and critical quantum matter (Final technical report: DE-FG02-08ER46524)

The project developed the theory of electronic phenomena in quantum materials in which large fluctuations are present, driven by frustration, strong electronic interactions, topology, or other effects. Theoretical tools and results for specific materials were developed in parallel, allowing the results to be vetted and refined, and providing a resource for experimentalists. The results were reported in 53 publications over the period of the award. The sections below detail the most impactful scientific and technical results.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

CSP Plant Optimization Study for the California Power Market (“CalCSP”) (Final Technical Report)

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) with thermal energy storage offers a unique and strategic opportunity to support California’s clean energy transition. Unlike photovoltaic (PV) systems, CSP with thermal storage can generate electricity after sunset and during periods of high demand, making it a valuable complement to intermittent renewable resources. CSP also provides synchronous, inertia-contributing generation, long-duration storage, and flexible dispatch—capabilities increasingly important as thermal plants retire. This report summarizes the findings of the CSP Plant Optimization Study for the California Power Market or “CalCSP study,” which evaluated the technical, economic, environmental, and policy factors that influence the deployment of CSP technologies in California. The CalCSP study was conducted to assess how CSP can contribute to California’s long-term decarbonization goals while enhancing grid reliability, supporting local economic development, and making efficient use of land and transmission resources. It draws on detailed modeling of CSP performance and costs, site suitability analysis, policy reviews, and stakeholder engagement across utilities, regulators, developers, and community organizations. The analysis focuses on mature molten-salt tower technology and incorporates lessons learned from the global CSP fleet, distinguishing today’s CSP from earlier first-of-a-kind projects in the U.S. The findings support a more prominent role for CSP in California’s evolving clean energy landscape. With strategic planning, targeted policy support, and continued cost improvements, CSP can complement PV and batteries to deliver reliable, around-the-clock clean electricity—especially in areas with high solar resource and constrained grid capacity.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Bishop Paiute Single Family Solar Home Project: Phase 4 (Final Technical Report)

The Bishop Paiute Tribe is committed to energy efficiency, renewable energy, and environmental protection and has a vision to install solar energy systems on all buildings on the Reservation where technically feasible. Through completion of the Bishop Paiute Tribe Residential Solar Program – Phase 4, Bishop Paiute Tribe continued its successful model partnering with non-profit solar installer GRID Alternatives to advance its vision and build energy self-sufficiency on the Bishop Paiute Reservation. The Bishop Paiute Tribe Residential Solar Program – Phase IV deployed 67 kW-AC of new clean, renewable energy through grid-tied, net-metered rooftop solar electric systems installed on a total of 20 (one more than the planned 19) existing owner-occupied, single-family homes for low-income families on the Reservation. This represents nearly 14% of the Reservation’s total “unsolarized” homes. These systems were provided at no cost to the homeowners, who will also receive energy efficiency education to further reduce energy consumption and lower electric bills. GRID led a solar installation for three (3) of the homes where Tribal/community members, were given an opportunity in participating in on-the-roof trainings to gain new skills while installing solar for their low-income community members. Subcontractors through GRID Sub Contractor Partnership Program (GRID SPP) led solar installations for seventeen (17) of the homes. Each installation provided paid employment for a solar trainee trainees hired by the SPP subcontractors as entry level solar installers. It is estimated that the installed 67 kW-AC of solar will produce at least 120,000 kWh/year, displacing at least 30-75% of the 20 homes’ total electricity use for a combined system lifetime electricity cost savings for the low-income homeowners of about $\$$500,000. It is further estimated that the installed renewable energy systems installed will prevent greenhouse gases by about 1,000 tons, equivalent to planting approximately 25,000 trees. Following the successful completed installations, it is expected that the Reservation and surrounding communities will benefit from improved air quality via reduced wood stove use for heating. Cumulatively with other initiatives, the project will result in nearly 40% of the Reservation’s solarizable homes being solarized. Overall, the triple impact of the phase 4 of the Bishop Paiute Tribe Residential Solar Program – Phase 4 is: 1) affordable energy for low-income families; 2) on-site clean energy production, 3) hands on training and paid solar installation work for local tribal/community workers. These impacts will support and grow the Tribe’s energy, economic, environmental, and social self-sufficiency and sovereignty amongst the neediest on the Reservation.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Centipod WEC Design for PacWave (Final Technical Report)

This project developed a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) system design that was ready for fabrication, deployment, and prototype testing at PacWave. The WEC design incorporated the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Technical Specifications (TS) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards to ensure that designs are fully ready to utilize for future fabrication and open-water testing. Moreover, the project began the certification process with a certification provider, allowing for a seamless continuation into future work beyond project-end.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

Performance Year 1 Technical Report - OPEN COG Grid: Extendable Coherent Models-Datasets for Cognitive Power Grids

The OPEN COG Grid project is a collaborative effort between LLNL, NREL, and Texas A&M University (TAMU) to develop synthetic power system datasets that (i) contain all technical information that would be available in a real system, allowing to conduct studies ranging from dynamic simulation to long term planning studies; ii) are accessible to researchers from the broader data sciences community, as oppossed to power system experts only; and (iii) This report summarizes the work conducted during the first 15 months of execution of the project. These activities encompassed: 1. Conduct a survey of existing open data sets and open source power systems simulators, their supported use cases, and accessibility (Chapter 1). 2. Define a new extensible specification for power system data, covering all parameters necessary for most computational use cases (Chapter 2). 3. Collecting real technical system data to complete missing parameters in existing open source datasets (Chapter 3). 4. Develop models that capture the behavior of emergent actors in power grids, neglected by existing datasets; aggregated residential demand response (Chapter 4) and demand response of cryptocurrency miners (Chapter 5). 5. Collect detailed spatial information on distributed energy resources, particular, solar photovoltaic facilities (Chapter 6). The following chapters provide detailed descriptions of these tasks, the assumptions taken, and their findings. In conducting these tasks, the project team produced: two (accepted) conference papers; one journal paper under submission; one draft journal paper pending submission; released one repository with the developed power system data specification, with documentation and examples; and one extended dataset for the Texas power grid under review for release. The team hopes these contributions will enhance access to power system data and remove barriers to the development of new computational techniques for power systems, particularly, those inspired by cognitive sciences.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗