Global Progress Toward Renewable Electricity: Tracking the Role of Solar (Version 4)
Not Available
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “progress”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Global Progress Toward Renewable Electricity: Tracking the Role of Solar (Version 5)
Photovoltaics (PV) represented ~70% of newly installed global electricity generating capacity for 2024, continuing a trend of increasing fractional contribution over each of the past 5 years. Year-to-year growth in both PV installations and PV-generated electricity continued at remarkable levels (~32% and ~28%, respectively), while grid scale battery storage again demonstrated triple digit fractional growth (113%). The contribution to electricity generation from combined low-carbon sources (hydro, nuclear, wind, and solar) exceeded a new threshold of 40%. Following its initial publication in 2021, this annual article collects information from multiple sources and presents it systematically as a reference for IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics readers.
14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
Advancements in Superconducting Electric Propulsion: Comparative Analysis and Progress Update of CHEETA and CRUISE Motors
Not Available
Balachandran, Thanatheepan [Hinetics Inc, Champaig↗
Progress towards subsurface spectroscopy inside heterogeneous materials using four wave mixing phase conjugation
Herein, we report preliminary results on subsurface spectroscopy inside heterogeneous materials using four wave mixing phase conjugation. For our test material we use an inert plastic bonded explosive simulant that contains fluorescent guidestar particles. Using phase conjugation, we are able to obtain spectral enhancements approximately equal to the phase conjugate reflectivity. Additionally, we discuss future directions to improve this technique to obtain greater signal enhancements.
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
Universal progression of structure and dynamics in colloidal nanocrystal gels during salt-accelerated aging
Controlling the structure and function of colloidal gels requires a detailed understanding of how the various components govern network formation and aging. In particular, molecular additives like salts are widely used to tune interparticle interactions, yet their influence on gelation pathways in complex systems such as colloidal nanocrystal gels remains inadequately understood. Here, we investigate how noncoordinating salts modulate the evolution of gels formed using chemically linked tin-doped indium oxide nanocrystals. Through combined structural, dynamic, and kinetic analyses, we demonstrate that increasing salt concentration accelerates gelation. When rescaled by salt-dependent characteristic times, the evolution collapses onto universal trajectories, revealing a time-salt superposition principle. The universality extends across length scales, suggesting a consistent salt-dependent mechanism that controls both local structuring and macroscopic network formation. This observed salt modulation of structure and dynamics provides a predictive basis for controlling the kinetics of nonequilibrium nanocrystal gel assembly, enhancing the rational design of functional nanomaterials with tunable properties.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Towards satellite tests combining general relativity and quantum mechanics through quantum optical interferometry: progress on the deep space quantum link
The Deep Space Quantum Link (DSQL) is a space-mission concept that aims to explore the interplay between general relativity and quantum mechanics using quantum optical interferometry. This mission concept was formally presented to the United States National Academy of Science Decadal Survey as a research campaign for Fundamental Physics in 2022. Since then, advances have been made in the space-based quantum optical technologies required to conduct a DSQL-type mission. In addition, other research efforts have defined alternative measurement concepts to explore the same scientific questions motivating the DSQL mission. This paper serves as an update to the community on the status of the DSQL mission concept and related research and technology development efforts.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
Progress and Perspectives: Zirconium Electrodeposition from Different Electrolytes
Zirconium (Zr) possesses outstanding properties, including exceptional chemical resistance and a high melting point, and is therefore desirable for use in a wide variety of challenging environments, such as in nuclear reactors and the chemical processing industry. To minimize the amount of Zr required for any given application, developing methods for generating metallic Zr coatings is highly advantageous. Owing to Zr’s highly negative reduction potential, electrodeposition in traditional solvents at near ambient temperatures remains challenging and thus not well understood. Due to the extreme conditions required to deposit this metal, extensive work has been conducted in molten salt electrolytes, however the broad applicability of this methodology is limited due to its corrosivity. The primary focus of this article is to present an overview of Zr’s electrochemical behavior and to consolidate the efforts of researchers in exploring electrodeposition techniques for Zr involving aqueous, organic, ionic liquid, deep eutectic, and molten salt solvents. With this information, we highlight trends across solvent systems and opportunities for future research.
42 ENGINEERING↗
Recent progress in realizing novel one-dimensional polymorphs via nanotube encapsulation
Encapsulation of various materials inside nanotubes has emerged as an effective method in nanotechnology that facilitates the formation of novel one-dimensional (1D) structures and enhances their functionality. Because of the effects of geometrical confinement and electronic interactions with host nanotubes, encapsulated materials often exhibit low-dimensional polymorphic structures that differ from their bulk forms. These polymorphs exhibit unique properties, including altered electrical, optical, and magnetic behaviors, making them promising candidates for applications in electronics, energy storage, spintronics, and quantum devices. This review explores recent advancements in the encapsulation of a wide range of materials such as organic molecules, elemental substances, metal halides, metal chalcogenides, and other complex compounds. In particular, we focus on novel polymorphs formed through the geometrical confinement effect within the nanotubes. The atomic structure, other key properties, and potential applications of these encapsulated materials are discussed, highlighting the impact of nanotube encapsulation on their functionalities.
77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
Progress on Pu-238 production at Idaho National Laboratory from February 2022 to July 2023
Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has continued to qualify irradiation positions in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) for Pu-238 production to support NASA deep space missions. Over the past year, INL qualified Np-237 targets for ATR’s North East Flux Trap (NEFT), Inner-A and H positions. Work has begun to requalify the South Flux Trap (SFT) and to qualify the East Flux Trap (EFT) for the ATR GEN I target and is midway through the qualification process. This paper gives an overview of operational and technical activities from February 2022 to July 2023.
07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
A prospective on machine learning challenges, progress, and potential in polymer science
Abstract Artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) continue to see increasing interest in science and engineering every year. Polymer science is no different, though implementation of data-driven algorithms in this subfield has unique challenges barring widespread application of these techniques to the study of polymer systems. In this Prospective, we discuss several critical challenges to implementation of ML in polymer science, including polymer structure and representation, high-throughput techniques and limitations, and limited data availability. Promising studies targeting resolution of these issues are explored, and contemporary research demonstrating the potential of ML in polymer science despite existing obstacles are discussed. Finally, we present an outlook for ML in polymer science moving forward. Graphical Abstract
Struble, Daniel C. (ORCID:0009000093410612)↗
Progress on the design of the interaction region of the Electron-Ion Collider EIC
We present an update on the design of the Interaction Region (IR) for the the Electron Ion Collider (EIC) being built at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The EIC will collide high energy and highly polarized hadron and electron beams with a center of mass energy up to 140 GeV with luminosities of up to 10^34 /cm^2/s. The IR, located at RHIC's IR6, is designed to meet the requirements of the nuclear physics community as outlined in [1]. A second IR is technically feasible but not part of the project.The magnet apertures are sufficiently large to allow desired collision products to reach the far-forward detectors; the electron magnet apertures in the rear direction are chosen to be large enough to pass the synchrotron radiation fan. In the forward direction the electron apertures are large enough for non-Gaussian tails.The paper discusses a number of recent recent changes to the design. The machine free region was recently increased from 9 to 9.5 m to allow for more space in the forward direction for the detector. The superconducting magnets on the forward side now operate at 1.9 K, which helps crosstalk and space issues.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
PROGRESS ON MAGNETRON R&DS FOR INDUSTRIAL PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
The magnetron as an efficient RF source for a compact industrial SRF accelerator has been developed. The per-formance of injection phase lock on two independent magnetron transmitters operated at 915MHz, in CW mode with maximum power of 75kW each has been demon-strated to satisfy this application. This industrial type magnetron has AC transformer and the SCR rectifier on the DC anode power supply. Output power spectrum with phase locking can achieve noise reduction of -21.2 dBc at the 1st 60 Hz, -28.0 dBc at 1st 180 Hz with only -22.6 dBc injection power. Further control studies for 2×75 kW, 915 MHz power combing by WR975 magic-tee at Jefferson Lab (JLab) and for 4×1.2 kW, 2.45 GHz power combing by WR340 magic-tee at General Atomics (GA).
Rimmer, R.↗
Progress on the normal conducting magnets for the Electron-Ion Collider
The electron-ion collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) is designed to deliver a peak luminosity of 1e+34 1/cm2 1/sec. The EIC will take advantage of the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. Two additional rings will be installed: an electron storage ring (ESR) and a rapid cycling electron synchrotron ring (RCS).This paper presents an update on the normal conducting magnet designs required for both the ESR and RCS rings. The ESR will store polarized electron beams up to 18 GeV and utilizes a triplet of dipole magnets to increase the emittance at 5 GeV and generate excess bending to create additional radiation damping to allow a larger beam-beam tune shift. The RCS will accelerate single bunches of spin-polarized electrons at various energies from 5 GeV to 18 GeV, with a ramp rate of 100 ms and 1 Hz repetition rate. Both rings require dipole, quadrupole and sextupole magnets with different specifications.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Progress towards the completion of the proton power upgrade project
The Proton Power Upgrade project at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory will increase the proton beam power capability from 1.4 to 2.8 MW. Upon completion in early 2025, 2 MW of beam power will be available for neutron production at the existing first target station (FTS) with the remaining beam power available for the future second target station (STS). The project has installed seven superconducting radio-frequency (RF) cryomodules and supporting RF power systems to increase the beam energy by 30% to 1.3 GeV, and the beam current will be increased by 50%. The injection and extraction region of the accumulator ring are being upgraded, and a new 2 MW mercury target has been developed along with supporting equipment for high-flow gas injection to mitigate cavitation and fatigue stress. The first four cryomodules and supporting systems were commissioned in 2022-2023 and supported neutron production at 1.05 GeV, 1.7 MW with high reliability. The first-article 2 MW target was operated successfully for approximately 4400 MW-Hours over two run periods. The long outage began in August 2023 for installation of the remaining technical equipment and construction of the Ring-to-Target Beam Transport tunnel stub that will enable connection to the STS without interrupting operation of the FTS. The upgrade is proceeding on-schedule and on-budget, and resumption of neutron production for the user program is planned for July 2024.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Recent progress in laser wire-based H- beam diagnostics at the SNS linac
Laser wire has been used for nonintrusive profile and emittance measurements of operational hydrogen ion (H-) beam at the SNS linac. In this talk, we will describe the following recent developments in the laser wire system. 1) An upgraded light source and laser transport line which enables novel measurement capabilities including longitudinal profile measurement and high-energy proton beam extraction over potentially an entire macropulse. 2) A dual-detector emittance measurement scheme that boosted the dynamic range by an order of magnitude. 3) Design and implementation laser-wire-based nonintrusive longitudinal phase space measurement system.
Liu, Yun↗
Progress on the Autonomous Event Detection System For the Laser Particulate Counter
Field emission is one of the most important issues that limits the performance of the superconducting radio frequency (SRF) systems and leads to SRF cavity trips at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at Jefferson Lab. Studies have confirmed that particulates are the dominant source of field emitters and the particulates can be transported into a cavity from other parts of the accelerator. To monitor the transportation of the particulates, a prototype of a novel, non-invasive laser particulate counter (LPC) has been developed and tested. Experiments have been done to validate the capability of the LPC. We are developing autonomous event detection system to continuously monitor the readout from the LPC and to recognize real events generated by particulates from noises using machine learning model. In this report, we will present how the data are prepared and how the model is trained. We will also discuss the performance of the model.
Zhang, H.↗
Progress in the development of the community Particle Accelerator Lattice Standard (PALS)
The Particle Accelerator Lattice Standard (PALS) is a community effort to create an open standard to promote lattice information exchange for particle accelerators. PALS development is a community-wide international effort involving accelerator physicists from multiple institutions. While it started as a lattice standard for beam dynamics simulations, it is now being extended to support other particle accelerator activities, in particular accelerator operation. With new accelerators that are becoming more complex, larger collaborations and the increasing imprint of artificial intelligence in all accelerator activities (from design to operation to workforce development), the imperative for a common, standardized accelerator ontology has been transitioning from “nice-to-have” to “must-have”. We will present the status of the project, its relations to other projects, including to two of the particle accelerator projects of the newly announced US DOE Genesis Mission: the Multi-Office Accelerator Team (MOAT) project and the Nuclear physics AI-Ready Accelerator Data (NARAD) project.
Brynes, A. [Science and Technology Facilities Coun↗
Annual IC Progress Report
The goal of this project is to computationally investigate the progenitors of astrophysical gamma-ray bursts (GRB), the most extreme explosions in the universe across length and time scales. We have developed a cutting-edge, code-bridging approach to exploring the physics behind these luminous events to test the hypothesis that GRBs with electromagnetic radio emission originate from massive star (MS) and black hole (BH) binary systems. Our multi-scale, multi-physics theoretical framework for GRBs is based on solving well-defined and testable hydrodynamics problems associated with the dynamical evolution of the system. We solve stages of the evolution in a tractable way with a suite of well-developed state-of-the-art computational tools that include the stellar evolution code MESA, the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) code Athena++, and the binary black hole (BBH) population synthesis code COSMIC, as well as a number of self-written python post-processing tools.
79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗