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At least 145 records · Page 8

Magnetic ordering at anomalously high temperatures in selected lanthanides: what about Pr?

Recent experiments have given evidence that for elemental Nd, Tb, and Dy the application of sufficient pressure pushes their magnetic ordering temperatures to anomalously high values. Pr metal has a dhcp structure and is trivalent with the 4f 2 configuration. Its singlet ground state suppresses magnetic order from the 15 K anticipated from de Gennes scaling to 50 mK. Four-point electrical resistivity measurements were carried out on Pr for temperatures 1.5–295 K under pressures to 48 GPa. Although no clear evidence for magnetic order (or superconductivity) is observed above 1.5 K, the temperature dependence of the resistivity gives evidence that Pr may enter a dense Kondo state above 10 GPa.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Evolution of chirality from transverse wobbling in 135 Pr

Chirality is a distinct signature that characterizes triaxial shapes in nuclei. We report the first observation of chirality in the nucleus 135 Pr using a high-statistics Gammasphere experiment with the 123 Sb( 16 O, 4n) 135 Pr reaction. Two chiral-partner bands with the configuration π(1h11/2 )1 ⊗ ν(1h 11/2 ) −2 have been identified in this nucleus. Angular distribution analyses of the ΔI = 1 transitions connecting the two bands reveal a dominant dipole character, and quasiparticle triaxial rotor model calculations show good agreement with the data. Since the simultaneous observation of chirality and transverse wobbling in 135 Pr relies critically on these angular distribution results, we also address and refute the experimental and theoretical criticisms raised in a recent work by Lv et al., presenting additional evidence that further strengthens our interpretation. Furthermore, this marks the first observation of both hallmarks of triaxiality—chirality and wobbling—in the same nucleus.

90 ≤ A ≤ 149↗

Anisotropic magnetic behavior of Nd 3 ⁢ScBi 5 and Pr 3 ⁡ScBi 5 single crystals

Here, we report an investigation of the magnetic, thermodynamic, and transport properties of single-crystalline Nd 3 ⁢ScBi 5 and Pr 3 ⁡ScBi 5 . Both compounds crystallize in the hexagonal 𝑃⁢6 3 /𝑚⁢𝑐⁢𝑚 space group that is common to related materials with rare-earth atoms that form twisted kagome nets. Nd 3 ⁢ScBi 5 undergoes two successive antiferromagnetic transitions, at 𝑇 𝑁 =5.6K and 𝑇 2 =4.7K. When a magnetic field is applied along [100], both 𝑇 𝑁 and 𝑇 2 are suppressed with increasing field, and multiple metamagnetic transitions are observed; in-plane anisotropy is demonstrated by a slight broadening and movement of the metamagnetic transitions when the field is applied along [110]. For H ∥ [001], 𝑇 𝑁 and 𝑇 2 exhibit only a weak field dependence and metamagnetic transitions are not observed. The magnetoresistance and Hall effect respond strongly to the metamagnetic transitions and further motivate a detailed characterization of the magnetic structures under applied fields. Pr 3 ⁡ScBi 5 , in contrast, undergoes a single antiferromagnetic transition at 𝑇 𝑁 =5.3K and a single metamagnetic transition at higher fields. These findings place Nd 3 ⁢ScBi 5 and Pr 3 ⁡ScBi 5 as promising systems for exploring anisotropic magnetism and field-driven magnetic phase transitions in intermetallic compounds.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Structural changes induced by electric currents in a single crystal of Pr 2 CuO 4

We demonstrate an approach to the structural and electronic property modification of perovskites, focusing on Pr 2 CuO 4 , an undoped parent compound of a class of electron-doped copper-oxide superconductors. Currents were passed parallel or perpendicular to the copper oxygen layers with the voltage ramped up until a rapid drop in the resistivity was achieved, a process referred to as “flash.” The current was then further increased tenfold in current-control mode. This state was quenched by immersion into liquid nitrogen. Flash can drive many compounds into different atomic structures with new properties, whereas the quench freezes them into a long-lived state. Single-crystal neutron diffraction of as-grown and modified Pr 2 CuO 4 revealed a √10 ×√10 superlattice due to oxygen-vacancy order. The diffraction peak intensities of the superlattice of the modified sample were significantly enhanced relative to the pristine sample. Raman-active phonons in the modified sample were considerably sharper. Measurements of electrical resistivity, magnetization, and two-magnon Raman scattering indicate that the modification affected only the Pr-O layers, but not the Cu-O planes. These results point to enhanced oxygen-vacancy order in the modified samples well beyond what can be achieved without passing electrical current. Our work opens a new avenue toward electric field/quench control of structure and properties of layered perovskite oxides.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Nanoscale Superconducting States in the Fe-Based Filamentary Superconductor of Pr-Doped CaFe 2 As 2

The low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope and spectroscopy (STM/STS) are used to visualize superconducting states in the cleaved single crystal of 9% praseodymium-doped CaFe 2 As 2 (Pr-Ca122) with Tc ≈ 30 K. The spectroscopy shows strong spatial variations in the density of states (DOS), and the superconducting map constructed from spectroscopy discloses a localized superconducting phase, as small as a single unit cell. The comparison of the spectra taken at 4.2 K and 22 K (below vs. close to the bulk superconducting transition temperature) from the exact same area confirms the superconducting behavior. Nanoscale superconducting states have been found near Pr dopants, which can be identified using dI/dV conductance maps at +300 mV. There is no correlation of the local superconductivity to the surface reconstruction domain and surface defects, which reflects its intrinsic bulk behavior. We, therefore, suggest that the local strain of Pr dopants is competing with defects induced local magnetic moments; this competition is responsible for the local superconducting states observed in this Fe-based filamentary superconductor.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗

Physical Validation of TRMM TMI and PR Monthly Rain Products Over Oklahoma

The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) provides monthly rainfall estimates using data collected by the TRMM satellite. These estimates cover a substantial fraction of the earth's surface. The physical validation of TRMM estimates involves corroborating the accuracy of spaceborne estimates of areal rainfall by inferring errors and biases from ground-based rain estimates. The TRMM error budget consists of two major sources of error: retrieval and sampling. Sampling errors are intrinsic to the process of estimating monthly rainfall and occur because the satellite extrapolates monthly rainfall from a small subset of measurements collected only during satellite overpasses. Retrieval errors, on the other hand, are related to the process of collecting measurements while the satellite is overhead. One of the big challenges confronting the TRMM validation effort is how to best estimate these two main components of the TRMM error budget, which are not easily decoupled. This four-year study computed bulk sampling and retrieval errors for the TRMM microwave imager (TMI) and the precipitation radar (PR) by applying a technique that sub-samples gauge data at TRMM overpass times. Gridded monthly rain estimates are then computed from the monthly bulk statistics of the collected samples, providing a sensor-dependent gauge rain estimate that is assumed to include a TRMM equivalent sampling error. The sub-sampled gauge rain estimates are then used in conjunction with the monthly satellite and gauge (without sub- sampling) estimates to decouple retrieval and sampling errors. The computed mean sampling errors for the TMI and PR were 5.9% and 7.796, respectively, in good agreement with theoretical predictions. The PR year-to-year retrieval biases exceeded corresponding TMI biases, but it was found that these differences were partially due to negative TMI biases during cold months and positive TMI biases during warm months.

Fisher, Brad L.↗

Materials Data on Pr(PdO2)2 by Materials Project

Pr(PdO2)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4_1/a space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr4+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent O2- atoms. There are four shorter (2.46 Å) and four longer (2.55 Å) Pr–O bond lengths. Pd2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.03 Å) and two longer (2.04 Å) Pd–O bond lengths. O2- is bonded to two equivalent Pr4+ and two equivalent Pd2+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OPr2Pd2 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(PO3)3 by Materials Project

Pr(PO3)3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic C222_1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–O bond distances ranging from 2.42–2.74 Å. There are two inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.52 Å) and two longer (1.59 Å) P–O bond length. There are five inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent P5+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent Pr3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Pr3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(IO3)3 by Materials Project

Pr(O3I)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–O bond distances ranging from 2.44–2.87 Å. There are nine inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.87 Å. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Pr3+ and two I5+ atoms. There are one shorter (1.85 Å) and one longer (2.85 Å) O–I bond lengths. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two I5+ atoms. There are one shorter (1.83 Å) and one longer (2.84 Å) O–I bond lengths. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.85 Å. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.84 Å. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.83 Å. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three I5+ atoms. There are a spread of O–I bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.78 Å. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.84 Å. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Pr3+ and one I5+ atom. The O–I bond length is 1.84 Å. There are three inequivalent I5+ sites. In the first I5+ site, I5+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. In the second I5+ site, I5+ is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. In the third I5+ site, I5+ is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three O2- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(MoO2)6 by Materials Project

Pr(MoO2)6 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent O2- atoms. All Pr–O bond lengths are 2.45 Å. There are two inequivalent Mo+3.50+ sites. In the first Mo+3.50+ site, Mo+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing MoO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–57°. There are a spread of Mo–O bond distances ranging from 2.06–2.23 Å. In the second Mo+3.50+ site, Mo+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing MoO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–52°. There are a spread of Mo–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.23 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Pr3+ and three Mo+3.50+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Mo+3.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Mo+3.50+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Mo+3.50+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(SiPt)2 by Materials Project

Pr(PtSi)2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr4+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight equivalent Pt2- atoms. All Pr–Pt bond lengths are 3.28 Å. Pt2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pr4+ and four equivalent Si atoms. All Pt–Si bond lengths are 2.49 Å. Si is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pt2- and one Si atom. The Si–Si bond length is 2.41 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(C2N3)3 by Materials Project

Pr(C2N3)3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine N3- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–N bond distances ranging from 2.54–2.98 Å. There are two inequivalent C4+ sites. In the first C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two N3- atoms. There is one shorter (1.18 Å) and one longer (1.30 Å) C–N bond length. In the second C4+ site, C4+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two N3- atoms. There is one shorter (1.18 Å) and one longer (1.30 Å) C–N bond length. There are four inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and two equivalent C4+ atoms. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and two equivalent C4+ atoms. In the third N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and one C4+ atom. In the fourth N3- site, N3- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Pr3+ and one C4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(HO)3 by Materials Project

Pr(OH)3 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine equivalent O2- atoms. There are three shorter (2.55 Å) and six longer (2.57 Å) Pr–O bond lengths. H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.97 Å. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Pr3+ and one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(HO)3 by Materials Project

Pr(OH)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–O bond distances ranging from 2.54–2.59 Å. There are three inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.97 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.97 Å. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.97 Å. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Pr3+ and one H1+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Pr3+ and one H1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Pr3+ and one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(WO3)5 by Materials Project

Pr(WO3)5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pmmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four equivalent O2- atoms. All Pr–O bond lengths are 3.06 Å. There are two inequivalent W+5.40+ sites. In the first W+5.40+ site, W+5.40+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing WO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–50°. There are a spread of W–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.03 Å. In the second W+5.40+ site, W+5.40+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing WO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–37°. There is two shorter (1.92 Å) and four longer (1.94 Å) W–O bond length. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent W+5.40+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Pr3+ and two equivalent W+5.40+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent W+5.40+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two W+5.40+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent W+5.40+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to two equivalent W+5.40+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(BOs)2 by Materials Project

Pr(OsB)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fddd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr3+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Os+1.50- atoms. All Pr–Os bond lengths are 3.06 Å. Os+1.50- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr3+ and four equivalent B atoms. There are two shorter (2.10 Å) and two longer (2.18 Å) Os–B bond lengths. B is bonded to four equivalent Os+1.50- atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing BOs4 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(CoO3)2 by Materials Project

Pr(CoO3)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic Pc space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pr4+ is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–O bond distances ranging from 2.44–2.68 Å. There are two inequivalent Co4+ sites. In the first Co4+ site, Co4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing CoO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 14–23°. There are a spread of Co–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–2.09 Å. In the second Co4+ site, Co4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form corner-sharing CoO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 14–23°. There are a spread of Co–O bond distances ranging from 1.78–2.09 Å. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to one Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to one Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to one Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Pr4+ and two Co4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Materials Data on Pr(LuS2)3 by Materials Project

Pr(LuS2)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Lu3+ sites. In the first Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to seven S2- atoms to form distorted LuS7 pentagonal bipyramids that share corners with three LuS6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent LuS6 octahedra, and edges with four equivalent LuS7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–51°. There are a spread of Lu–S bond distances ranging from 2.65–2.88 Å. In the second Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form LuS6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent LuS6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LuS7 pentagonal bipyramid, edges with four equivalent LuS6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent LuS7 pentagonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 53–62°. There are a spread of Lu–S bond distances ranging from 2.64–2.74 Å. In the third Lu3+ site, Lu3+ is bonded to six S2- atoms to form LuS6 octahedra that share corners with three equivalent LuS6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent LuS7 pentagonal bipyramids, and edges with four equivalent LuS6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 53–62°. There are a spread of Lu–S bond distances ranging from 2.62–2.75 Å. Pr3+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight S2- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–S bond distances ranging from 2.91–3.04 Å. There are six inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four Lu3+ atoms. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded to three Lu3+ and one Pr3+ atom to form distorted SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two equivalent SPr2Lu3 square pyramids, corners with four SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids, corners with two equivalent SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids, edges with three equivalent SPr2Lu3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent SPr3Lu2 trigonal bipyramids. In the third S2- site, S2- is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four Lu3+ atoms. In the fourth S2- site, S2- is bonded to three equivalent Lu3+ and two equivalent Pr3+ atoms to form distorted SPr2Lu3 square pyramids that share corners with six SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids, corners with two equivalent SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids, edges with four equivalent SPr2Lu3 square pyramids, edges with two SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with three equivalent SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids. In the fifth S2- site, S2- is bonded to three Lu3+ and two equivalent Pr3+ atoms to form distorted SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with two equivalent SPr2Lu3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent SPr3Lu2 trigonal bipyramids, corners with three equivalent SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids, an edgeedge with one SPr2Lu3 square pyramid, and edges with five SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids. In the sixth S2- site, S2- is bonded to two equivalent Lu3+ and three equivalent Pr3+ atoms to form distorted SPr3Lu2 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with four equivalent SPr2Lu3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids, a cornercorner with one SPrLu3 trigonal pyramid, an edgeedge with one SPr2Lu3 square pyramid, edges with seven SPr2Lu3 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent SPrLu3 trigonal pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗