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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Evaluation of erosion potential of bio-based multicomponent blendstocks using experimentally-validated computational fluid dynamics

The optimization of the fuel-engine interface and associated performance is a significant goal for CoOptima and the industry. The strategic driver for fuel-engine optimization is clear: diesel optimization can significantly reduce emissions including NOx, particulate matter, and CO2 emissions. Previous evaluations of ethanol and diesel blends raised significant concerns with fuel injector erosion using ethanol blends. While Sylvatex’s technology can use ethanol, it also utilizes a surfactant and water to compatibilize and modify ethanol blends, thereby controlling its impact in diesel engines. The results from the project will (1) provide important insights into complex fuels and erosion, which will be used to design additional, improved formulations; and (2) expand capabilities of Argonne’s cavitation-induced erosion risk assessment (CIERA) tool to model multi-component systems, furthering Co-Optima objectives.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Experimental Validation and Continuous Testing of an On-Purpose High-Yield Pitch Synthesis Process for Producing Carbon Fiber from US Domestic Coal

This project aims to develop technology that converts domestic United States (US) raw coal to high quality, high value, and marketable carbon fiber. More specifically, the project aims to significantly improve the selectivity and yield of carbon fiber produced per ton of coal over conventional coal pitch-based production by using low-severity direct coal conversion technology to maximize the yield of pitch from coal, suitable for production of carbon fiber. To meet the stated objective of developing a technology platform, capable of producing high quality, high-value and marketable carbon fiber from domestic US coal, the proposed scope of work involves testing of a low-severity direct coal liquefaction (LS-DCL) process approach. The isotropic pitch produced from the LS-DCL process will be thermally treated using conventional processes to convert to a liquid crystal or “mesophase” pitch as a precursor for structural carbon fibers. This mesophase pitch will then be melt-spun into fiber, oxygen stabilized, and carbonized using conventional processes. The resulting carbon fiber will be evaluated for mechanical properties and suitability for structural applications such as automotive parts and spars for wind turbine blades. The overall process is expected to significantly lower the cost of fiber compared to state of the art fibers produced from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2025

Experimental Validation of Exact Burst Pressure Solutions for Thick-Walled Cylindrical Pressure Vessels

Burst pressure is one of the critical strength parameters used in the design and operation of pressure vessels because it represents the maximum pressure that a vessel can withstand before failing. Historically, the Barlow formula was used as a design base for estimating burst pressure. However, it does not consider the plastic flow response for ductile steels and is applicable only to thin-walled cylinders (i.e., the diameter to thickness ratio D/t ≥ 20). A new multiaxial plastic yield theory was developed to consider the plastic flow response, and the associated theoretical (i.e., Zhu–Leis) solution of burst pressure was obtained and has gained extensive applications in the pipeline industry because it was validated by different full-scale burst test datasets for large-diameter, thin-walled pipelines in a variety of steel grades from Grade B to X120. The Zhu–Leis flow theory of plasticity was recently extended to thick-walled pressure vessels, and the associated exact flow solution of burst pressure was obtained and is applicable to both thin and thick-walled cylindrical shells. Many full-scale burst tests are available for thin-walled line pipes in the pipeline industry, but limited pressure burst tests exist for thick-walled vessels. To validate the newly developed exact solutions of burst pressure for thick-walled cylinders, this paper conducts a series of burst pressure tests on small-diameter, thick-walled pipes. In particular, six burst tests are carried out for three thick-walled pipes in Grade B carbon steel. These pipes have a nominal diameter of 2.375 inches (60.33 mm) and three nominal wall thicknesses of 0.154, 0.218, and 0.344 inches (3.91, 5.54, and 8.74 mm), leading to D/t = 15.4, 10.9, and 6.9, respectively. With the burst test data, comparisons show that the Zhu–Leis flow solution of burst pressure matches well the burst test data for thick-walled pipes. Thus, these burst tests validate the accuracy of the Zhu–Leis flow solution of burst pressure for thick-walled cylindrical vessels.

42 ENGINEERING↗