Recyclable Polymers With Reversible Click-Chemistry for in Space Manufacturing Applications
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Results for “self assembly”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Colorimetric and Label-Free Optical Detection of Pb 2+ Ions via Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles
The detection of Lead (Pb) heavy metal in water is crucial in many chemical processes as it is associated with serious health hazard. Here, we report the selective and precise colorimetric detection of Pb 2+ ions in water exploiting the mechanisms of aggregation and self-assembly of Glutathione (GSH) functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The carboxyl functional groups are available to create coordination complexes with Pb 2+ inducing aggregation amongst the GSH-GNPs in the presence of Pb 2+ due to the chelation of the GSH ligands. The resulting aggregation of amongst the GSHGNPs in the presence of Pb2+ increases the aggregate size depending on available Pb 2+ ions affecting the plasmonic coupling. This causes in a substantial shift in the plasmon wavelength to a longer wavelength side with increasing Pb 2+ concentration, resulting in a red-to-blue colorimetric or visual change, enabling instant determination of lead content in water.
calorimetric detection↗
NASA Aerogel Lecture Series: Lecture 6 - Rapid Aerogel Fabrication Facilitates A Range of Applications
The Aerogel Lecture Series unveils the extraordinary potential of aerogels—a class of highly porous solid materials derived from a gel in which the liquid is replaced by gas while maintaining the self-assembled three-dimensional structure. This video presentation features Dr. Mary Carroll and Dr. Ann Anderson from Union College.
aerogels↗
NASA Aerogel Lecture Series: Lecture 7 - Achieving High Efficiency Separation in Gas and Liquids Using Aerogels
The Aerogel Lecture Series unveils the extraordinary potential of aerogels—a class of highly porous solid materials derived from a gel in which the liquid is replaced by gas while maintaining the self-assembled three-dimensional structure. This video presentation features Dr. Sadhan Jana from University of Akron.
aerogels↗
Ordered nanoscale domains by infiltration of block copolymers
A method of preparing tunable inorganic patterned nanofeatures by infiltration of a block copolymer scaffold having a plurality of self-assembled periodic polymer microdomains. The method may be used sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS), related to atomic layer deposition (ALD). The method includes selecting a metal precursor that is configured to selectively react with the copolymer unit defining the microdomain but is substantially non-reactive with another polymer unit of the copolymer. A tunable inorganic features is selectively formed on the microdomain to form a hybrid organic/inorganic composite material of the metal precursor and a co-reactant. The organic component may be optionally removed to obtain an inorganic feature s with patterned nanostructures defined by the configuration of the microdomain.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Biomimetic virus-based colorimetric sensors
The present invention provides, inter alia, a device comprising a colorimetric detection layer configured to undergo a color change upon interaction with a first analyte of interest. The detection layer comprises a first plurality of self-assembled fiber bundles. At least a fraction of the fiber bundles undergo a change from a first conformation to a second conformation upon interaction with the first analyte of interest, thereby undergoing a color change. The invention also provides a method for using the system to detect an analyte of interest.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Heme peptide materials for anti-inflammatory regenerative nanobiomedicine
Heme released as a result of sustained injury leads to toxicity and triggers an inflammatory response and tissue damage. Heme oxygenase, an enzyme, recognizes, binds free heme and breaks it down as a part of the anti-inflammatory response. The present disclosure relates to a class of peptide amphiphiles that mimic the heme oxygenase function, and have shown that the designed peptide is able to bind and break down heme thus validating its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent that promotes tissue repair and useful in wound healing. The disclosed peptide sequence design provides control of amphiphile peptides' supramolecular structure and function. Applicants have shown that the incorporated heme molecule can transport CO, which suggests that the peptides can also transport NO, O2 and reactive oxygens, the molecules which are responsible for vasodilation, neurotransmission and cell death. Besides heme oxygenase function, it is believed that the designed peptides can recognize normal tissue adjacent to the damaged area and the peptide can self-assemble into fibers that promote healthy cell growth.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Synthesis of energetic material particles with controlled morphology
A surfactant-assisted self-assembly method can be used to crystallize energetic materials with controlled morphology. Microparticles of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) formed by this method may have enhanced functional reproducibility due to their monodisperse nature, and decreased shock sensitivity due to their sub-2 μm particle size.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Investigation of Exciton Delocalization and Exciton Coherence in Chromophores and Acoustic Nanostructures
Quantum materials have a rich potential for providing transformative energy technologies ranging from new energy efficient computation paradigms to lossless energy transport across the national grid. The field of quantum materials, however, is still in its infancy with many quantum materials systems requiring cyrogenic temperatures to be viable. Few viable, room-temperature quantum materials systems have been identified; therefore, identifying additional such systems is vitally important. This state of the science combined with the low number of potential systems that exhibit room-temperature quantum character make this field of research fertile ground for EPSCoR states (states eligible for funding under the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research program) such as Idaho to compete on a national level. As a result, this project proposed and accomplished two main goals in advancing two room-temperature quantum materials systems: (1) advance the science for demonstrating room temperature exciton delocalization in two excitonic systems and (2) build capacity and expertise in developing and understanding quantum materials at both Boise State University and Idaho National Laboratory. The work at Boise State focused mainly on the use of nucleic acid self-assembled chromophore molecule networks that offer a much easier and mature approach to construct aggregates of chromophores that can be tailored to specific two-dimensional and three-dimensional geometries and allow exciton manipulation towards achieving room-temperature quantum computation. A second complementary effort performed at Boise State and INL focused on confining excitons on quantum length scales using coherent surface acoustic phonons
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Biomimetic virus-based colorimetric sensors
The present invention provides, inter alia, a device comprising a colorimetric detection layer configured to undergo a color change upon interaction with a first analyte of interest. The detection layer comprises a first plurality of self-assembled fiber bundles. At least a fraction of the fiber bundles undergo a change from a first conformation to a second conformation upon interaction with the first analyte of interest, thereby undergoing a color change. The invention also provides a method for using the system to detect an analyte of interest.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Bis-polymer lipid-peptide conjugates and nanoparticles thereof
The present invention provides bis-polymer lipid-peptide conjugates containing a hydrophobic block and headgroup containing a helical peptide and two polymer blocks. The conjugates can self-assemble to form helix bundle subunits, which in turn assemble to provide micellar nanocarriers for drug cargos and other agents. Particles containing the conjugates and methods for forming the particles are also disclosed.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
High-frequency vacuum electronic device
A self-assembling element fabricated using integrated circuit techniques may provide a small diameter helical conductor surrounding an electron beam for the construction of a vacuum electronic device such as a traveling-wave tube for terahertz scale signal.
van der Weide, Daniel W.↗
Method to synthesize nanoparticle supercrystals
Highly ordered arrays of 3D faceted nanoparticle supercrystals are formed by self-assembly with controlled nanoparticle packing and unique facet dependent optical property by using a binary solvent diffusion method. The binary diffusion results in supercrystals whose size and quality are determined by initial nanoparticle concentration and diffusion speed. The supercrystal solids display unique facet-dependent surface plasmonic and surface-enhanced Raman characteristics. The supercrystals have potential applications in areas such as optics, electronics, and sensor platforms.
Fan, Hongyou↗
Methods for producing microcompartments
To produce a bacterial microcompartment shell, or a designed shell based on naturally occurring bacterial microcompartment shells in a new host organism, a synthetic operon is constructed that contains the desired shell protein genes and translation efficiency is controlled by host specific ribosomal binding sites. Proteins or other molecules can be encapsulated in the microcompartment shells by various methods described herein. The constructs can also be used to express self-assembling sheets comprised of shell proteins.
Kerfeld, Cheryl A.↗
Traveling wave tube amplifier having a helical slow-wave structure supported by a cylindrical scaffold
Traveling-wave tube amplifiers for high-frequency signals, including terahertz signals, and methods for making a slow-wave structure for the traveling-wave tube amplifiers are provided. The slow-wave structures include helical conductors that are self-assembled via the release and relaxation of strained films from a sacrificial growth substrate.
Lagally, Max G.↗
A Study on Surface Texture and Wettability of Femtosecond Laser Treated Aluminum Alloys
This research aims to study the effects of femtosecond laser treatment on surface texture and wettability properties. The first portion of this research studies 2024-T3 aluminum alloy concerning surface texture (e.g., roughness), wettability, and surface free energy. SEM images help aid the researchers in detecting minuscule changes in surface texture. Profilometry extracts topographical data from the surface. A contact angle goniometer measures contact angle, which follows the sessile drop method. Owens, Wendt, Rabel, and Kaelble's method calculates the surface free energy in conjunction with the contact angle. Femtosecond laser modification produces relatively uniform surface morphology at the macroscale. When looking at the microscale, surface morphology differs depending on the interplay between material melting and self-assembly, where the surface becomes rougher after laser treatment. Contact angle results show that all but the control sample and sample 7 exhibit hydrophobic behavior, i.e., contact angle >90°, with Sample 1 having the most significant angle of 115°. The effects of laser parameters on surface energy is apparent. More work is needed to establish correlations among these three quantities: contact angle, surface energy, and laser parameters. The second portion of this research studies aluminum alloy 6061 as the subject material with the primary goal of creating a superhydrophobic surface. A central composite design creates the laser surface texturing design of experiments. SEM images help aid the researchers in detecting minuscule changes in surface texture. A 3D optical profiler extracts topographical data from the surface. The sessile drop method incorporates a contact angle goniometer to measure the contact angle. The response surface method builds a second-order polynomial model for the contact angle and obtains optimized parameters to maximize the contact angle. This research shows that laser surface texturing can generate a wide range of surface profiles and roughness values with geometric features ranging from hundreds of μm to submicron. All three laser parameters (pulse energy, pulse duration, repetition rate) affect surface roughness and contact angle to some degree. To quantify the relationship between the contact angle, pulse energy, and pulse repetition rate, a response surface model for Al 6061 is identified and used to find the optimal conditions of E=214 μJ, tp=10 ps, and fp=2427 Hz with a predicted maximum contact angle of 161°. A confirmation experiment produces a contact angle of 168°, in good agreement with the predicted value.
Angell, Dakota↗
Ordered nanoscale domains by infiltration of block copolymers
A method of preparing tunable inorganic patterned nanofeatures by infiltration of a block copolymer scaffold having a plurality of self-assembled periodic polymer microdomains. The method may be used sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS), related to atomic layer deposition (ALD). The method includes selecting a metal precursor that is configured to selectively react with the copolymer unit defining the microdomain but is substantially non-reactive with another polymer unit of the copolymer. A tunable inorganic features is selectively formed on the microdomain to form a hybrid organic/inorganic composite material of the metal precursor and a co-reactant. The organic component may be optionally removed to obtain an inorganic feature s with patterned nanostructures defined by the configuration of the microdomain.
Darling, Seth B.↗
Polymer membrane with vertically aligned pore channels and controlled pore surface chemistry
A nanoporous polymer membrane with vertically aligned pore channels can be synthesized through self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers on a supporting substrate. The pore surface chemistry can be functionalized for selective anion transport.
Fan, Hongyou↗