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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,423 records · Page 79
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2018

High precision statistical Landau gauge lattice gluon propagator computation vs. the Gribov–Zwanziger approach

In this article we report on lattice results for the Landau gauge gluon propagator using large statistical ensembles. In particular, the compatibility of the lattice data with the tree level predictions of the Refined Gribov–Zwanziger and the Very Refined Gribov–Zwanziger actions is analysed, complementing earlier work using small-scale statistics. Our results show that the data is well described by the tree level estimate only up to momenta p≲1 GeV and clearly favours the so-called Refined Gribov–Zwanziger scenario propagator. For the Very Refined Gribov–Zwanziger action, these results imply a particular relation between d=2 condensates. Furthermore, we also provide a global fit of the lattice data that interpolates between the above scenario at low momenta and the usual continuum one-loop renormalization improved perturbation theory after introducing an infrared log-regularizing term.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2020

Single electron–hole pair sensitive silicon detector with surface event discrimination

Here, we demonstrate single electron-hole pair resolution in a single-sided, contact-free 1 cm$^2$ by 1 mm thick Si crystal operated at 48 mK, with a baseline energy resolution of 3 eV. This crystal can be operated at voltages in excess of $\pm50$ V, resulting in a measured charge resolution of 0.06 electron-hole pairs. The high aluminum coverage ($\sim$70%) of this device allows for the discrimination of surface events and separation of events occurring near the center of the detector from those near the edge. We use this discrimination ability to show that dark events seen in previous detectors of a similar design are likely dominated by charge leakage along the side wall of the device. We saw only a small reduction in dark event rate with this biasing scheme, further suggesting that sidewall and edge-dominated processes are responsible for the majority of these events.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2022

Light mesons with one dynamical gluon on the light front

We obtain the light meson mass spectroscopy from the light-front quantum chromodynamics (QCD) Hamiltonian, determined for their constituent quark-antiquark and quark-antiquark-gluon Fock components, together with a three-dimensional confinement. The eigenvectors of the light-front effective Hamiltonian provide a good quality description of the pion electromagnetic form factor, decay constant, and the valence quark distribution functions following QCD scale evolution. We also show that the pion's gluon densities can be probed through the pion-nucleus induced $J/ψ$ production data. Our pion parton distribution functions provide excellent agreement with $J/ψ$ production data from widely different experimental conditions.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2020

Casimir force on a light front

Depending on the point of view, the Casimir force arises from variation in the energy of the quantum vacuum as boundary conditions are altered or as an interaction between atoms in the materials that form these boundary conditions. Standard analyses of such configurations are usually done in terms of ordinary, equal-time (Minkowski) coordinates. However, physics is independent of the coordinate choice, and an analysis based on light-front coordinates, where x + ≡ t + z / c plays the role of time, is equally valid. After a brief historical introduction, we illustrate and compare equal-time and light-front calculations of the Casimir force.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2024

Edge supercurrent reveals competition between condensates in a Weyl superconductor

In topological materials, the edge states are readily distinguished from the bulk states. The situation where a topological semimetal becomes superconducting so that Cooper pairs occupy both the bulk and the edge states is not well understood. In particular, we do not know if we can force their pairing symmetries to be different. Here we show that, when supercurrent is injected into the superconducting Weyl semimetal MoTe 2 from Nb contacts, the invasive s-wave pairing potential from Nb is incompatible with the intrinsic Cooper pair condensate in MoTe 2 . This incompatibility leads to strong stochasticity in the switching current and an unusual anti-hysteretic behaviour in the current–voltage loops. There is also an asymmetry in the edge oscillations where, as the magnetic field crosses zero, the phase noise switches from one with a noisy spectrum to one that is noise free. Furthermore, using the noise spectrum as a guide, we track the anomalous features to field-induced switching of the device gap function between s-wave symmetry and the unconventional symmetry intrinsic to MoTe 2 . We infer that the behaviour of the gap function along the edges is different from that in the bulk.

Superconducting properties and materials↗
DOE OSTI2013

Refined algebraic quantisation in a system with nonconstant gauge invariant structure functions

In a previous work [J. Louko and E. Martínez-Pascual, “Constraint rescaling in refined algebraic quantisation: Momentum constraint,” J. Math. Phys. 52, 123504 (2011)], refined algebraic quantisation (RAQ) within a family of classically equivalent constrained Hamiltonian systems that are related to each other by rescaling one momentum-type constraint was investigated. In the present work, the first steps to generalise this analysis to cases where more constraints occur are developed. The system under consideration contains two momentum-type constraints, originally abelian, where rescalings of these constraints by a non-vanishing function of the coordinates are allowed. These rescalings induce structure functions at the level of the gauge algebra. Providing a specific parametrised family of real-valued scaling functions, the implementation of the corresponding rescaled quantum momentum-type constraints is performed using RAQ when the gauge algebra: (i) remains abelian and (ii) undergoes into an algebra of a nonunimodular group with nonconstant gauge invariant structure functions. Case (ii) becomes the first example known to the author where an open algebra is handled in refined algebraic quantisation. Challenging issues that arise in the presence of non-gauge invariant structure functions are also addressed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Constraint analysis for variational discrete systems

A canonical formalism and constraint analysis for discrete systems subject to a variational action principle are devised. The formalism is equivalent to the covariant formulation, encompasses global and local discrete time evolution moves and naturally incorporates both constant and evolving phase spaces, the latter of which is necessary for a time varying discretization. The different roles of constraints in the discrete and the conditions under which they are first or second class and/or symmetry generators are clarified. The (non-) preservation of constraints and the symplectic structure is discussed; on evolving phase spaces the number of constraints at a fixed time step depends on the initial and final time step of evolution. Moreover, the definition of observables and a reduced phase space is provided; again, on evolving phase spaces the notion of an observable as a propagating degree of freedom requires specification of an initial and final step and crucially depends on this choice, in contrast to the continuum. However, upon restriction to translation invariant systems, one regains the usual time step independence of canonical concepts. This analysis applies, e.g., to discrete mechanics, lattice field theory, quantum gravity models, and numerical analysis.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Operator pencil passing through a given operator

Let Δ be a linear differential operator acting on the space of densities of a given weight λ{sub 0} on a manifold M. One can consider a pencil of operators Π-circumflex(Δ)=(Δ{sub λ}) passing through the operator Δ such that any Δ{sub λ} is a linear differential operator acting on densities of weight λ. This pencil can be identified with a linear differential operator Δ-circumflex acting on the algebra of densities of all weights. The existence of an invariant scalar product in the algebra of densities implies a natural decomposition of operators, i.e., pencils of self-adjoint and anti-self-adjoint operators. We study lifting maps that are on one hand equivariant with respect to divergenceless vector fields, and, on the other hand, with values in self-adjoint or anti-self-adjoint operators. In particular, we analyze the relation between these two concepts, and apply it to the study of diff (M)-equivariant liftings. Finally, we briefly consider the case of liftings equivariant with respect to the algebra of projective transformations and describe all regular self-adjoint and anti-self-adjoint liftings. Our constructions can be considered as a generalisation of equivariant quantisation.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2013

Effect of low transverse magnetic field on the confinement strength in a quasi-1D wire

Transport measurements in a quasi-one dimensional (1D) quantum wire are reported in the presence of low transverse magnetic field. Differential conductance shows weak quantised plateaus when the 2D electrons are squeezed electrostatically. Application of a small transverse magnetic field (0.2T) enhances the overall degree of quantisation due to the formation of magneto-electric subbands. The results show the role of magnetic field to fine tune the confinement strength in low density wires when interaction gives rise to double row formation.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Investigation on phonon scattering in a GaAs nanowire field effect transistor using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism

Using quantum transport simulations, the impact of electron-phonon scattering on the transfer characteristic of a gate-all-around nanowire (GaAs) field effect transistor (NWFET) has been thoroughly investigated. The Non-Equilibrium Green's Function formalism in the effective mass approximation using a decoupled mode decomposition has been deployed. NWFETs of different dimensions have been considered, and scattering mechanisms including acoustic, optical and polar optical phonons have been included. The effective masses were extracted from tight binding simulations. High and low drain bias have been considered. We found substantial source to drain tunnelling current and significant impact of phonon scattering on the performance of the NWFET. At low drain bias, for a 2.2 × 2.2 nm{sup 2} cross-section transistor, scattering caused a 72%, 77%, and 81% decrease in the on-current for a 6 nm, 10 nm, and 20 nm channel length, respectively. This reduction in the current due to scattering is influenced by the increase in the tunnelling current. We include the percentage tunnelling for each valley at low and high drain bias. It was also found that the strong quantisation caused the relative position of the valleys to vary with the cross-section. This had a large effect on the overall tunnelling current. The phonon-limited mobility was also calculated, finding a mobility of 950 cm{sup 2}/V s at an inversion charge density of 10{sup 12 }cm{sup −2} for a 4.2 × 4.2 nm{sup 2} cross-section device.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

The Lorentz anomaly via operator product expansion

The emergence of a critical dimension is one of the most striking features of string theory. One way to obtain it is by demanding closure of the Lorentz algebra in the light-cone gauge quantisation, as discovered for bosonic strings more than forty years ago. We give a detailed derivation of this classical result based on the operator product expansion on the Lorentzian world-sheet.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Coherent states, quantum gravity, and the Born- Oppenheimer approximation. II. Compact Lie groups

In this article, the second of three, we discuss and develop the basis of a Weyl quantisation for compact Lie groups aiming at loop quantum gravity-type models. This Weyl quantisation may serve as the main mathematical tool to implement the program of space adiabatic perturbation theory in such models. As we already argued in our first article, space adiabatic perturbation theory offers an ideal framework to overcome the obstacles that hinder the direct implementation of the conventional Born-Oppenheimer approach in the canonical formulation of loop quantum gravity. Additionally, we conjecture the existence of a new form of the Segal-Bargmann-Hall “coherent state” transform for compact Lie groups G, which we prove for G = U(1){sup n} and support by numerical evidence for G = SU(2). The reason for conjoining this conjecture with the main topic of this article originates in the observation that the coherent state transform can be used as a basic building block of a coherent state quantisation (Berezin quantisation) for compact Lie groups G. But, as Weyl and Berezin quantisation for ℝ{sup 2d} are intimately related by heat kernel evolution, it is natural to ask whether a similar connection exists for compact Lie groups as well. Moreover, since the formulation of space adiabatic perturbation theory requires a (deformation) quantisation as minimal input, we analyse the question to what extent the coherent state quantisation, defined by the Segal-Bargmann-Hall transform, can serve as basis of the former.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2016

Coherent states, quantum gravity, and the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. III.: Applications to loop quantum gravity

In this article, the third of three, we analyse how the Weyl quantisation for compact Lie groups presented in the second article of this series fits with the projective-phase space structure of loop quantum gravity-type models. Thus, the proposed Weyl quantisation may serve as the main mathematical tool to implement the program of space adiabatic perturbation theory in such models. As we already argued in our first article, space adiabatic perturbation theory offers an ideal framework to overcome the obstacles that hinder the direct implementation of the conventional Born-Oppenheimer approach in the canonical formulation of loop quantum gravity.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2013

Broadening and splitting of emission spectra of a GaInAs/AlInAs quantum cascade laser in a quantising magnetic field

We have studied the effect of a relatively weak quantising magnetic field on emission spectra of a GaInAs/AlInAs quantum cascade laser near 10 K. The results demonstrate that, as the magnetic field induction increases to 7 T, the spectra broaden (to 5 meV) and split into three emission bands. As a result, we observe simultaneously up to 80 longitudinal lasing modes in the three bands and the integrated laser output intensity increases 70 times. The presence of bands in the emission spectra can be accounted for in terms of the magnetic quantisation of the laser levels into spinsplit Landau levels. The increase in emission intensity is attributable primarily to phonon resonance adjustment in a magnetic field. (lasers)

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2017

Resonance dispersion interaction of alkali metal atoms in Rydberg states

With the use of second-order perturbation theory in the long-range interatomic interaction for the degenerate states of two Rydberg atoms we have obtained a general formula for the dependence of atomic interaction energy on the interatomic distance R in the presence of the Förster resonance. Inside of the ‘Förster sphere’ ( R < R {sub F}) this dependence transforms to the formula for electric dipole interaction energy Δ E {sub d−d} = C {sub 3}/ R {sup 3} and for R > R {sub F} it transforms to the formula for the van der Waals interaction energy Δ E {sub VdW} = − C {sub 6}/ R {sup 6}. The van der Waals constant C {sub 6} is represented as an expansion in terms of irreducible components which define the dependence on the interatomic axis orientation relative to the quantisation axis of projections M of the total angular momentum J. The numerical values of the irreducible components of tensor C {sub 6} were calculated for rubidium atoms in the same Rydberg states | nlJM 〉 with large quantum numbers n. We present the calculated resonance interaction energy of two rubidium atoms in the states |43D{sub 5/2M}〉, whose total energy exceeds by only 8 MHz the total energy of one of the atoms in the state |45P{sub 3/2M}〉 and of the other in the state |41F{sub 7/2}M〉. (paper)

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗