Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Sheet”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,423 records · Page 79
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1992

A powerful local shear instability in weakly magnetized disks. III - Long-term evolution in a shearing sheet. IV - Nonaxisymmetric perturbations

The nonlinear evolution of the recently identified accretion disk magnetic shear instability is investigated through a series of numerical simulations. Finite-difference computations of the equations of compressible MHD are carried out on an axisymmetric shearing sheet system with periodic boundary conditions designed to approximate a local region within an accretion disk. Initial field configurations that include some net vertical component evolve into a nonlinear, exponentially growing solution with large poloidal velocities and magnetic fields with energies comparable to the thermal energy density. The stability of a purely azimuthal field configuration is examined, and it is found that nonaxisymmetric instability is present, but with a growth time measured in tens of orbital periods. In general, the most rapid growth occurs for very small radial and azimuthal wavenumbers, leading to coherent magnetic field structure in planes parallel to the disk. It is suggested that this instability is a key ingredient for the generation of magnetic fields in disks.

Hawley, John F.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Particle scattering and current sheet stability in the geomagnetic tail during the substorm growth phase

The particle scattering and current sheet stability features in the geomagnetic tail during the phase of substorm growth were investigated using Tsyganenko's (1989) magnetic field model. In a study of four substorm events which were observed both in the high-altitude nightside tail and in the auroral ionosphere, the model magnetic field was adjusted to each case so as to represent the global field development during the growth phase of the substorms. The model results suggest that the auroral brightenings are connected with processes taking place in the near-earth region inside about 15 earth radii. The results also suggest that there is a connection between the chaotization of the electrons and the auroral brightenings at substorm onset.

Pulkkinen, T. I.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Quasi-linear analysis of ion Weibel instability in the earth's neutral sheet

A quasi-linear analysis of the ion Weibel instability (IWI) for waves with parallel propagation is carried out for parameters appropriate to the earth's neutral sheet during the substorm interval. For ion drift speed reaching sizable fraction of the ion thermal speed, unstable waves grow to a nonlinear regime in a time interval greater than an ion gyroperiod. The saturation level is attained with current density reduced to about 15-28 percent of its preactivity level. The unstable wave amplitude normalized to the initial ambient field is found to be in the range of 0.2-0.8. This is accompanied by ion heating along the magnetic field with the parallel temperature being enhanced by 25-90 percent. Thus, the IWI can provide nonadiabatic heating of ions in current disruptions during substorms. The associated anomalous resistivity is estimated to be about 1 x 10 exp -7 to 1 x 10 exp -6 s, which is about 11 to 12 orders of magnitude above the classical resistivity.

Lui, Anthony T. Y.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Interpretation of SAR imagery of the Greenland ice sheet using coregistered TM imagery

Landsat TM images are coregistered with a Seasat SAR image of the margin of the Greenland ice sheet and used in the interpretation of features in the SAR data. A winter TM image is used to provide topographic information while a summer TM image provides information on the pattern of melt and the location of lakes. It is shown that: (1) the snow line is easily detectable in SAR imagery; (2) areas of higher radar backscatter in the bare-ice zone most often correspond to areas full of crevasses too small to resolve in the SAR images; (3) subsurface scattering causes significant blurring of features in SAR imagery; and (4) the band of surface lakes occurring above the snow line corresponds to at least a portion of the wet-snow zone.

Bindschadler, Robert↗
NASA NTRS1993

The Uranian corona as a charge exchange cascade of plasma sheet protons

The paper uses models of magnetic convection and interparticle interactions to examine the collisional interactions between atmospheric neutral hydrogen and magnetospheric charged particles observed by Voyager to be convecting through the Uranian magnetosphere. The e(-)-H collisional ionization process, continually reenergized by compressional heating of the electrons as they drift toward Uranus, produces a cascade of new plasma. This process has been suggested elsewhere as the source of the warm (10 eV at L = 5) plasma and is found in the present study to continue in a cascade to even cooler and more abundant plasma. This newly created plasma consists almost entirely of electrons and protons because He and H2 are nearly absent from the uppermost layers of the atmosphere. If this plasma crosses the dayside magnetopause and mixes with magnetopause boundary layers such as the plasma mantle, there to be swept back along the magnetotail, reincorporated into the magnetotail by the same processes postulated for solar wind plasma entry, and reenergized in the magnetotail current sheet, it would constitute an important source for the hot plasma observed by Voyager.

Herbert, Floyd↗
NASA NTRS1993

Low-frequency mobility response functions for the central plasma sheet with application to tearing modes

Consideration is given to the effect of constant cross-tail magnetic field By on the collisionless conductivity produced by chaotic scattering and stochastic diffusion of particles in the current sheet for a parabolic geometry. It is shown that the correlation time scales as (By/Bz)-squared, and from this strong By scaling a strong tendency toward stabilization of the linear tearing modes with increasing values of By is inferred. This effect of increased dawn-dusk mobility is particularly dramatic when electrons are introduced in the calculation, and is in agreement with the results of kinetic particle simulations. The collisionless conductivity is expressed in terms of the ensemble-averaged power spectrum of the single particle trajectories, which makes it possible to calculate directly the linear conductivity instead of deriving it from the calculation of the irreversible heating rates.

Hernandez, J.↗
NASA NTRS1992

A study of the rotor wake of a small-scale rotor model in forward flight using laser light sheet flow visualization with comparisons to analytical models

An experimental investigation was conducted in the 14 by 22 ft subsonic tunnel at NASA Langley Research Center to quantify the rotor wake behind a scale model helicopter rotor in forward flight (mu = 0.15 and 0.23) at one thrust level (C sub T = 0.0064). The rotor system used in the present test consisted of a four-bladed, fully articulated hub and utilized blades of rectangular planform with a NACA-0012 airfoil section. A laser light sheet, seeded with propylene glycol smoke, was used to visualize the flow in planes parallel and perpendicular to the freestream flow. Quantitative measurements of vortex location, vertical skew angle, and vortex particle void radius were obtained for vortices in the flow; convective velocities were obtained for blade tip vortices. Comparisons were made between the experimental results and the wake geometry generated by computational predictions. The results of these comparisons show that the interaction between wake vortex structures is an important consideration for correctly predicting the wake geometry.

Ghee, Terence A.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Particle orbits in model current sheet with a nonzero B(y) component

The problem of charged particle motions in magnetotaillike model current sheets is revisited with the inclusion of a nonzero dawn-dusk magnetic field component. Three cases are examined considering both trapped and escaped orbits. The results show that a nonzero B(y) component disturbs the particle orbits by destroying orbit symmetry in the phase space about the z = 0 plane. It also changes the bounce frequency of particle orbits. The presence of B(y) thus modifies the Speiser orbits, particularly near the ejection phase. The process of ejected particle such as ejection direction, ejection velocity, and pitch angles are shown to depend on the sign of the charge.

Zhu, Zhongwei↗
NASA NTRS1992

Development of a regenerable metal oxide sheet matrix CO2 removal system

NASA-Johnson has guided the development of a nonventing Metal Oxide Regenerable EMU CO2 Removal Subsystem (MORES) which employs a catalyzed, Ag-based metal oxide to achieve CO2 removal during EVA, while requiring no supplemental cooling. Regeneration is then easily obtained by means of cabin air, in a simple hot-air process. The MORES technology has been demonstrated in the case of a full size EMU contaminant control cartridge employing a conventional packed bed, as well as an improved sheet matrix configuration.

Nalette, Timothy A.↗
NASA NTRS1993

A fracture criterion for widespread cracking in thin-sheet aluminum alloys

An elastic-plastic finite-element analysis was used with a critical crack-tip-opening angle (CTOA) fracture criterion to model stable crack growth in thin-sheet 2024-T3 aluminum alloy panels with single and multiple-site damage (MSD) cracks. Comparisons were made between critical angles determined from the analyses and those measured with photographic methods. Calculated load against crack extension and load against crack-tip displacement on single crack specimens agreed well with test data even for large-scale plastic deformations. The analyses were also able to predict the stable tearing behavior of large lead cracks in the presence of stably tearing MSD cracks. Small MSD cracks significantly reduced the residual strength for large lead cracks.

Newman, J. C., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Particle drift in the Earth's plasma sheet

We generalize the derivation of the average gradient/curvature-drift for a flux tube filled with an isotropic distribution of particles at specified kinetic energy. The present treatment is restricted to a two-dimensional magnetic field with zero electric field, but it includes all chaotic and Speiser orbits, which do not correspond to the simple picture of gradient/curvature drift. We assume that particles are evenly distributed throughout the regions of phase space allowed by their energy and canonical momentum. This assumption is closely related but not exactly equivalent to the assumption of isotropic pitch-angle distribution. Our derivation assumes that the maximum Larmor radius is small compared to the scale length for equatorial variations in the flux tube volume, but it does not involve any restrictions on the curvature of the field line. The resulting expression for the drift rate is valid for situations where the particle drift velocity is comparable to the thermal speed in some regions. The apparent implication of this generalized treatment is that the existence of very complex non-adiabatic particle trajectories in the plasma sheet may not invalidate previous estimates of the average rate of particle drift out the sides of the tail, estimates that were made under the assumption of simple guiding-center drifts.

Wolf, R. A.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Toxic substances registry system: Index of material safety data sheets

The Oct. 1992 Revision of the KSC Toxic Substances Registry System (TSRS) Index of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS's) is presented. The listed MSDS's reflect product inventories and associated MSDS's which were submitted to the Toxic Substance Registry Data Base maintained by the Base Operations Contractors of the Biomedical Operations and Research Office of KSC. The purpose of the index is to provide a means of accessing information on the hazards associated with the toxic and otherwise hazardous chemicals stored and used at KSC. Indices are provided for manufacturers, trademarks, and stock numbers.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1993

Toxic substances registry system: Index of material safety data sheets

The Jan. 1993 Revision of the KSC Toxic Substances Registry System (TSRS) Index of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS's) is presented. The listed MSDS's reflect product inventories and associated MSDS's which were submitted to the Toxic Substance Registry Data Base maintained by the Base Operations Contractors of the Biomedical Operations and Research Office of KSC. The purpose of the index is to provide a means of accessing information on the hazards associated with the toxic and otherwise hazardous chemicals stored and used at KSC. Indices are provided for manufacturers, trademarks, and stock numbers.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1923

Tests on riveted joints in sheet duralumin

In making tension tests, the slippage of the joints was noted at three points across each joint. In addition, stress strain curves were obtained for plain tension specimens, and a chemical analysis was made of the sheet.

Rettew, H F↗
NASA NTRS1930

Strength in Shear of the Thin Curved Sheets of Alclad

This note is on an investigation made to obtain information on the strength of thin curved sheets of Alclad in shear. Designers may utilize this material as a strength member as well as for a covering for the wings and fuselages. A reduction may then be made in the size of the internal strength members. These experiments were undertaken with the object of securing the maximum value from the metal in this respect. The point at which buckling occurs is of primary importance. The buckling shear of a curved thin plate was determined mathematically and also experimentally. The following formula was obtained mathematically: s=K E t/r in which s is the unit shear, K is a constant, E is the modulus of elasticity, t is the thickness of the material, and r is the radius of curvature. The value of K as determined by the experiments was found to be .075. This formula applies only when s is within the elastic limit of the material. The breaking point of the material was obtained in most of the tests as a matter of information and the results are included in this report. The effect of the supporting ribs was determined by varying the number used.

Smith, George Michael↗
NASA NTRS1940

An Investigation of Sheet-stiffener Panels Subjected to Compression Loads with Particular Reference to Torsionally Weak Stiffeners

A total of 183 panel specimens of 24ST aluminum alloy with nominal thickness of 0.020, and 0.040 inch with extruded bulb-angle sections of 12 shapes spaced 4 and 5 inches as stiffeners were tested to obtain the buckling stress and the amplitude of the maximum wave when buckled. Bulb angles from 3 to 27 1/2 inches long were tested as pin-end columns. The experimental data are presented as stress-strain and column curves and in tabular form. Some comparisons with theoretical results are presented. Analytical methods are developed that make it possible for the designer to predict with reasonable accuracy the buckling stress and the maximum-wave amplitude of the sheet in stiffened-panel combinations. The scope of the tests was insufficient to formulate general design criteria but the results are presented as a guide for design and an indication of the type of theoretical and experimental work that is needed.

LOADS - COLUMNS↗
NASA NTRS1948

Shear Lag in a Plywood Sheet-stringer Combination Used for the Chord Member of a Box Beam

Theoretical and experimental investigations were made of the distribution of strains in a plywood sheet-stringer combination used as the chord member of a box beam acted upon by bending loads. The theoretical solution was obtained with the help of the principle of minimum potential energy and certain simplifying assumptions. Strain measurements were made on a build-up box beam by means of electrical-resistance strain gages connected with strain indicators. A very satisfactory agreement between the theoretical and experimental strains was obtained.

LOADS - BEAMS, BOX↗
NASA NTRS1955

Tensile Properties of 7075-T6 and 2024-T3 Aluminum-alloy Sheet Heated at Uniform Temperature Rates Under Constant Load

Results are presented of tests to determine the effect of heating at uniform temperature rates from 0.2 degrees to 100 degrees F. per second on the tensile properties of 7075-T6 d(75s-T6) and 2024-T3 (24s-T3) aluminum-alloy sheet under constant-load conditions. Yield and rupture stresses, obtained under rapid-heating conditions, are compared with results of elevated-temperature stress-strain tests for 1/2-hour exposure. Master yield-and-rupture-stress curves based on linear temperature-rate parameter are presented. Yield and rupture stresses and temperatures may be predicted by means of master curves and the parameter.

Heimerl, George J↗