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At least 1,423 records · Page 79

Apollo experience report the command and service module milestone review process

The sequence of the command and service module milestone review process is given, and the Customer Acceptance Readiness Review and Flight Readiness Review plans are presented. Contents of the System Summary Acceptance Documents for the two formal spacecraft reviews are detailed, and supplemental data required for presentation to the review boards are listed. Typical forms, correspondence, supporting documentation, and minutes of a board meeting are included.

Brendle, H. L.↗

Air service to small communities, directions for the future

The seminar on the problems of providing air service to low and medium density points is reported. National transport policies and programs are discussed along with the technology aspects. Recommendations for ATC, CAB, and FAA are included.

Vittek, J. F., Jr.↗

Handling, control, and servicing of Shuttle payloads

Consideration of the prospects for accommodation of various kinds of payloads in the Space Shuttle. The influence of the SOAR study on Shuttle design as it pertains to payload support and accommodation requirements is discussed. The effect of Shuttle payload requirements on the approach to payload attachment is illustrated, and the requirements governing payload accommodation during the early transitional phase and the fully operational phase of the Shuttle are outlined. A payload handling system for manipulating payloads to or from the payload bay is described which provides a local handling capability for delivery and retrieval of most spacecraft. Options regarding the integration of scientific experiments and payloads into the Shuttle are reviewed, and the use of the Shuttle for servicing spacecraft in orbit is discussed.

Schulte, L. O.↗

Service evaluation of aircraft composite structural components

The advantages of the use of composite materials in structural applications have been identified in numerous engineering studies. Technology development programs are underway to correct known deficiencies and to provide needed improvements. However, in the final analysis, flight service programs are necessary to develop broader acceptance of, and confidence in, any new class of materials such as composites. Such flight programs, initiated by NASA Langley Research Center, will be reviewed in the proposed paper. These programs, which include the selectively reinforced metal and the all-composite concepts applied to both secondary and primary aircraft structural components, will be described and current status will be indicated.

Brooks, W. A., Jr.↗

Recent advances in elastomer service-life prediction

The mechanical properties of an elastomer, including rupture and its time dependence, are defined uniquely by a tensile property surface in normalized stress-strain-time coordinates. In practice, the property surface is determined from short-time constant strain-rate uniaxial tests. By using the time reduction properties of both temperature and cross-link density, an effective time scale of over ten decades of log time can be covered. Changes in cross-link density, filler content, or swelling do not affect the limits of the property surface when plotted in logarithmic coordinates but merely shift their positions. The shape, however, may be modified in certain cases. The service life of an elastomer in the absence of aging reactions can be estimated from the property surface and expected in-use conditions such as strains (static or dynamic).

Landel, R. F.↗

Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems: Command and service module entry monitor subsystem

The conceptual aspects of the command and service module entry monitor subsystem, together with an interpretation of the displays and their associated relationship to entry trajectory control, are presented. The entry monitor subsystem is described, and the problems encountered during the developmental phase and the first five manned Apollo flights are discussed in conjunction with the design improvements implemented.

Reina, B., Jr.↗

Operations analysis (study 2.1). Payload designs for space servicing, addendum

Space replaceable units and payload configurations are revised to reflect increased levels of redundancy to be more consistent with current design practices. A reassessment of expendable payload design reliabilities was performed to provide a common basis for comparison with space serviceable configurations.

Wolfe, R. R.↗

Apollo experience report: Command and service module sequential events control subsystem

The Apollo command and service module sequential events control subsystem is described, with particular emphasis on the major systems and component problems and solutions. The subsystem requirements, design, and development and the test and flight history of the hardware are discussed. Recommendations to avoid similar problems on future programs are outlined.

Johnson, G. W.↗

Flight service evaluation of PRD-49/epoxy composite panels in wide-bodied commercial transport aircraft

Fairing panels were fabricated to evaluate the fabrication characteristics and flight service performance of PRD-49 (Kevlar-49) a composite reinforcing material and to compare it with the fiberglass which is currently in use. Panel configurations were selected to evaluate the PRD-49 with two resin matrix materials in sandwich and solid laminate construction. Left and right hand versions of these configurations were installed on L-1011's which will accumulate approximately 3000 flight hours per year per aircraft. The direct substitution of PRD-49 for fiberglass produced a twenty-six percent weight reduction on the panel configurations. Examination of these panels revealed that there was no visible difference between the PRD-49 and adjacent fiberglass panels.

Wooley, J. H.↗

NiCd battery reliability for shuttle serviced spacecraft

Data from life-cycle testing of 22-cell NiCd batteries designed for shuttle-service spacecrafts are analyzed, first by averaging battery cycle lives as a function of temperature and depth of discharge, and then by calculating single cell failure and survival probabilities as a function of temperature, depth of discharge, and number of operating cycles. The single cell data are used to calculate battery survival probabilities. A mathematical failure model which is a function of the quantity of charge through the battery and the temperature is characterized, suggesting a predictive capability for accurate estimation of energy storage subsystem life and performance of accelerated tests. The failure mechanism described is apparently independent of most charge-discharge parameters and common to most cell sizes.

Eliason, J.↗

Apollo command and service module and lunar module environmental control systems

The environmental control systems and system requirements of the Apollo command service module and the lunar module are described. The overall performance of both systems during the Apollo program is discussed. Other topics covered include: dust control, EVA provisions, Apollo 13 emergency, component redundancy, modular construction, and subatmospheric design.

James C. Brady↗

Reaction of passengers to public service vehicle ride

A series of questionnaire studies is described, which was carried out on passengers in public service vehicles in the United Kingdom particularly cross-channel hovercraft, helicopter and train. The effectiveness of the different rating techniques employed is examined and it is demonstrated that useful and reliable information can be obtained on the effects of such physical parameters as vibration, vehicle motion and noise using rating methods which involve no external standards. Some results obtained from analysis of the survey returns are presented.

Clarke, M. J.↗

NASA Earth Resources Survey Symposium. Volume 1-B: Geology, Information Systems and Services

A symposium was conducted on the practical applications of earth resources survey technology including utilization and results of data from programs involving LANDSAT, the Skylab earth resources experiment package, and aircraft. Topics discussed include geological structure, landform surveys, energy and extractive resources, and information systems and services.

Source record↗

Information services and information processing

Attempts made to design and extend space system capabilities are reported. Special attention was given to establishing user needs for information or services which might be provided by space systems. Data given do not attempt to detail scientific, technical, or economic bases for the needs expressed by the users.

Source record↗

Space Shuttle Tail Service Mast Concept Verification

Design studies and analyses were performed to describe the loads and dynamics of the space shuttle tail service masts (TSMs). Of particular interest are the motion and interaction of the umbilical carrier plate, lanyard system, vacuum jacketed hoses, latches, links, and masthead. A development test rig was designed and fabricated to obtain experimental data. The test program is designed to (1) verify the theoretical dynamics calculations, (2) prove the soundness of design concepts, and (3) elucidate problem areas (if any) in the design of mechanisms and structural components. Design, fabrication, and initiation of TSM development testing at Kennedy Space Center are described.

Uda, R. T.↗