Advanced engineering - Communications systems research
Communications systems research on information systems and on digital telemetry and command in Deep Space Network
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Apollo mission simulation with visual presentation
Apollo mission simulation, discussing Command Module Simulator /CMS/, onboard computer system and dynamic visual presentation via infinity- optics display
Lockwood, L. W.↗
The Nimbus 4 IRLS meteorological experiment
The Nimbus 4 interrogation, recording, and location system is designed to locate and collect measurement data of upper atmospheric parameters through the tracking of free floating, constant level balloons flying at altitudes of 20.5 and 24.1 km and carrying specially designed interrogation packages. The basic elements of the system include a ground acquisition and command station, the Nimbus satellite, and the remote sensing platforms. Addresses of platforms as they come into view are programmed into the satellite on an orbit by orbit basis from the central ground station. Sensory data are transmitted to the satellite for storage and readout from balloon interrogation units.
Cote, C. E.↗
Command module/service module reaction control subsystem assessment
Detailed review of component failure histories, qualification adequacy, manufacturing flow, checkout requirements and flow, ground support equipment interfaces, subsystem interface verification, protective devices, and component design did not reveal major weaknesses in the command service module (CSM) reaction control system (RCS). No changes to the CSM RCS were recommended. The assessment reaffirmed the adequacy of the CSM RCS for future Apollo missions.
Weary, D. P.↗
ALSEP data management.
Nine million measurements a day are transmitted from each functional ALSEP on the moon and continuously collected on earth for use in long-term scientific analysis. Periodically, this massive flow of intricate data is examined on a real-time basis to evaluate ALSEP performance and to study the need for new commands to any of the ALSEP systems. A worldwide complex of facilities and personnel has the challenging task of efficient and timely data processing and dissemination. This paper describes facility characteristics and support activities and details certain constraints imposed on ALSEP hardware design by data handling requirements. The highlights of the first two years of lunar data management are reviewed.
Murtaugh, C. R.↗
Mission SL-4 (AS 208/CM 118/IMU 34)G and N error analysis (Skylab 4)
Data on the gyro and navigation system performance and operation for the command module are presented. Each reported failure was analyzed with respect to its likelihood of occurence in flight and its impact on the mission.
Helfant, S. B.↗
Terminal guidance system
A terminal guidance system is described including a heading command subsystem and a glide-slope command subsystem which develop command signals for use in guiding an aircraft or other vehicle into a preselected heading and/or altitude at a terminal point. The heading command subsystem is responsive to certain input data and continuously develops command signals for use in directing the aircraft from a remote location to a terminal point so that upon arrival it has a preselected terminal heading. The glide-slope command subsystem is responsive to certain other input data and continuously develops command signals for use in controlling the rate of descent of the aircraft so that it will have a preselected altitude and glide-slope upon arrival at the terminal.
Gee, S. W.↗
Dynamic Docking Test System (DDTS) active table frequency response test results
Results are presented of the frequency response test performed on the dynamic docking test system (DDTS) active table. Sinusoidal displacement commands were applied to the table and the dynamic response determined from measured actuator responses and accelerometers mounted to the table and one actuator.
Gates, R. M.↗
A display evaluation methodology applied to vertical situation displays
An approach to display evaluation based on the optimal-control or state-variable model of the human operator is described. The approach evolved over the past several years, and is believed to have significant advantages for display evaluation. The foundations of the methodology are briefly described, and results are presented of its application to the analysis of vertical situation displays for STOL approach. This analysis includes the effects of both status and command displays on pilot workload and system performance.
Baron, S.↗
Apollo experience report: Guidance and control systems: CSM service propulsion system gimbal actuators
The service propulsion system gimbal actuators of the Apollo command and service module were developed, modified, and qualified between February 1962 and April 1968. The development of these actuators is described as the result of extensive testing, retesting, and modification of the initial design. Successful completion of each mission without anomalies attributable to the actuators indicated that the particular configuration (modification) in use was adequate for the flight profile imposed.
Mcmahon, W. A.↗
Oral annunciator with programmable vocabulary
Voice (analog) signal is converted to its digital equivalent and stored in solid state memory. Upon command, memory becomes part of annunciator system which includes other digital logic, digital-to-analog converter, and audio amplifier.
Paslay, D.↗
Manual and automatic flight control during severe turbulence penetration
An analytical and experimental investigation of possible contributing factors in jet aircraft turbulence upsets was conducted. Major contributing factors identified included autopilot and display deficiencies, the large aircraft inertia and associated long response time, and excessive pilot workload. An integrated flight and thrust energy management director system was synthesized. The system was incorporated in a moving-base simulation and evaluated using highly experienced airline pilots. The evaluation included comparison of pilot workload and flight performance during severe turbulence penetration utilizing four control/display concepts: manual control with conventional full panel display, conventional autopilot (A/P-A) with conventional full panel display, improved autopilot (A/P-B) with conventional full panel display plus thrust director display, and longitudinal flight director with conventional full panel display plus thrust director display. Simulation results show improved performance, reduced pilot workload, and a pilot preference for the autopilot system controlling to the flight director command and manual control of thrust following the trim thrust director.
Johnston, D. E.↗
Apollo Soyuz test project G&N error analysis (cm 111/IMU 25)
Data are presented on G&N system performance and operation for the Command Module.
Helfant, S. B.↗
Helios mission support
The Helios-1 third solar occultation and fourth perihelion is covered. A Helios-2 spacecraft emergency and third solar conjunction (occultation) are also discussed. Additional topics include STDN-DSN telemetry and command cross-support, Ground Data System tests, tracking coverage, plus DSN system performance for August and September 1976.
Goodwin, P. S.↗
Multipurpose Interactive NASA Information Systems (MINIS)
The Multipurpose Interactive NASA Information System was developed to provide remote, interactive information retrieval capability for various types of data bases to be processed on different types of small and medium size computers. Use of the system for three different data bases is decribed: (1) LANDSAT photo look-up, (2) land use, and (3) census/socioeconomic. Each of the data base elements is shown together with other detailed information that a user would require to contact the system remotely, to transmit inquiries on commands, and to receive the results of the queries or commands.
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Gas Control System for HEAO-B
The HEAO-B Gas Control System consists of a high pressure gas storage supply together with distribution and regulation assemblies and their associated electronics for management of gas required for HEAO-B X-ray counter experiments. The Gas Control System replenishes a gas mixture (82 percent argon, 12.3 percent carbon dioxide, 5.7 percent xenon) in the counter volumes which is lost by: diffusion through controlled leakage plugs, diffusion through counter windows, and consumption resulting from periodic purges. The gas density in each counter volume is maintained constant to within 0.25 percent by comparison with a sealed reference volume. The system is fully redundant, capable of operating at atmospheric pressure as well as in a vacuum, contains interlocks which shut down gas flow in the event of either leakage or excessive pressure, and is able to shut down counter high voltage if counter pressure is abnormally low. The system is electronically controlled by ground command and self-sustaining in orbit for a period of at least one year.
Taylor, B.↗
Computer-controlled warmup circuit
Filament of high-power radio transmitter is brought to operating temperature automatically. Pushbotton reduces operator's role to one-step command and is compatible with various forms of computer control. Filiament shutdown is initiated by "down" command from operator, failure of cooling systems, or power failure for more than few seconds.
Daeges, J. J.↗
Chemical release module facility
The chemical release module provides the capability to conduct: (1) thermite based metal vapor releases; (2) pressurized gas releases; (3) dispersed liquid releases; (4) shaped charge releases from ejected submodules; and (5) diagnostic measurements with pi supplied instruments. It also provides a basic R-F and electrical system for: (1) receiving and executing commands; (2) telemetering housekeeping data; (3) tracking; (4) monitoring housekeeping and control units; and (5) ultrasafe disarming and control monitoring.
Reasoner, D. L.↗