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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,405 records · Page 78
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

MIS Shelf-Life Final Report for Plutonium Oxide Item CAN92 (SSR147) from Rocky Flats Analytical Laboratory Operations

A plutonium/uranium oxide material from the Material Identification and Surveillance (MIS) Program inventory has been studied to determine the gas generation and corrosion behavior in a storage environment. Sample CAN92 represents plutonium/uranium oxides stored in 3013 containers. The material originated in the analytical laboratory at Rocky Flats. This study followed over time the gas pressure and composition of a sample with nominally 0.5 wt% water in a sealed container with an internal volume scaled to 1/400th of the volume of a 3013 container. Gas compositions had been measured periodically over 5 ½ years. The maximum observed gas pressure from gas generation was 117 kPa. The increase over the initial pressure of 77.5 kPa was largely due to the generation of nitrogen and carbon dioxide with minor amounts of hydrogen and nitrous oxide. The internal components of SSR147 were inspected 6.5 years after it was removed from the array. The inside surfaces of the inner bucket exposed to the original sample for 1,937 days had an etched appearance and general corrosion. No pitting was observed on the inner bucket that held the sample.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2021

Development of Analytical Method for Measuring U and Pu Particles by Laser Ablation MC-ICP-MS for the NWAL

This project will develop methodology to identify and analyze U and Pu containing particles using laser ablation MC-ICP-MS. The proposed work will involve: i) setup and optimization of the LA-MC-ICP-MS system, ii) testing and validation by analysis of QC standards, iii) designing analytical protocols for single particles, and iv) developing a data processing system. Ultimately, this project will output a detailed operating procedure documenting the experimental techniques and data processing routines required to perform particle identification and analysis by laser ablation MC-ICP-MS.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Determination of Total, Organic, and Inorganic Carbon and Total Nitrogen in Biological Cultures and Liquid Fraction Process Samples: Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP)

This Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP) describes the quantitative determination of total organic carbon, inorganic carbon in whole suspended biological samples and in the cell-free supernatant, by combustion and CO 2 detection with a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) detector. This allows for distinct reporting of soluble and insoluble organic and inorganic carbon. In addition, this procedure covers the quantitative determination of soluble nitrogen in the cell-free supernatant.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Determination of Total Lipids as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters: Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP)

This Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP) covers the determination of total lipids expressed as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Results are reported as the percent FAME content based on the dry weight of the sample. The procedure is based on a whole biomass transesterification procedure of lipids to FAME, which eliminates the need for extraction and therefore is able to access all fatty acids in the biomass and represent an accurate reflection of the biofuels potential.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Enabling Efficient Surveillance, Control, and Automation of Geothermal Operations with Advanced Predictive Analytics

Automation and control of geothermal energy production and operations require reliable and efficient predictive tools. While physics-based simulation offers a comprehensive tool for predicting energy production performance in geothermal systems, predicting the behavior of geothermal reservoirs involves complex multi-physics processes with coupling effects, highly uncertain input parameters and subsurface descriptions. Moreover, building, running, and integrating simulation models into standard model calibration and optimization workflows entail significant technical and computational efforts. An emerging alternative to physics-based simulation is data-driven predictive analytics models that have gained popularity in energy industry. In this report, we develop novel predictive models for integration into real-time fault diagnosis and model predictive control algorithms to improve the efficiency of energy production operations in geothermal reservoirs. The report includes two major research Thrust Areas, that is, the surface power plant and the subsurface reservoir.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Real Time Phasor Analytics (RTPA) and RTPA-SCR System Strength Online Tool

This presentation showcases the Real-Time Phasor Analytics (RTPA) framework for monitoring inertia and assessing system strength in power grids. RTPA is an open-source tool designed to standardize access to data from Power Management Units (PMUs) and Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs). It facilitates real-time connectivity to multiple PDCs in accordance with the IEEE C37.118-2 standard and supports asynchronous data stream integration. Additionally, RTPA can simulate a PDC server streaming C37.118-2 data and provides Python bindings for seamless interaction with the framework, eliminating the need for direct Rust programming.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Probing Dynamic Phase Changes in Electrochemical Systems with Cryogenic and in Situ Analytical Electron Microscopy (Final Technical Report)

In this project, we focus on the advancement of our newly developed, unique in situ and cryogenic analytical electron microscopy (AEM) techniques and the development of additional high-end capabilities to quantitatively elucidate the mechanisms of resistive state changes in solid-state electrochemical materials for non-volatile, neuromorphic memory. The objectives of the proposed research are (1) to characterize and elucidate the mechanisms by which electronic state changes occur in various solid-state devices to build guiding principles for electrochemically activated smart materials; (2) to advance our understanding of such mechanisms by coupling cryogenic and in situ techniques to control kinetics of the observed mechanisms while mitigating probe-induced damage; and (3) to utilize additional advanced techniques including electron-beam induced current and quantum mechanical simulations in order to identify the underlying fundamental science of such processes, including roles of defect formation and its effect on phase nucleation, as well as dynamics of these processes in the electrochemical systems at the nanometer scale.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Online Interactive Platform for COVID-19 Literature Visual Analytics: Platform Development Study

Background Papers on COVID-19 are being published at a high rate and concern many different topics. Innovative tools are needed to aid researchers to find patterns in this vast amount of literature to identify subsets of interest in an automated fashion. Objective We present a new online software resource with a friendly user interface that allows users to query and interact with visual representations of relationships between publications. Methods We publicly released an application called PLATIPUS (Publication Literature Analysis and Text Interaction Platform for User Studies) that allows researchers to interact with literature supplied by COVIDScholar via a visual analytics platform. This tool contains standard filtering capabilities based on authors, journals, high-level categories, and various research-specific details via natural language processing and dozens of customizable visualizations that dynamically update from a researcher’s query. Results PLATIPUS is available online and currently links to over 100,000 publications and is still growing. This application has the potential to transform how COVID-19 researchers use public literature to enable their research. Conclusions The PLATIPUS application provides the end user with a variety of ways to search, filter, and visualize over 100,00 COVID-19 publications.</:p>

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2019

An Analytical Model for Capturing the Decline of Fracture Conductivity in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale Trend from Production Data

Fracture conductivity decline is a concern in the Tuscaloosa Marine Shale (TMS) wells due to the high content of clay in the shale. An analytical well productivity model was developed in this study considering the pressure-dependent conductivity of hydraulic fractures. The log-log diagnostic approach was used to identify the boundary-dominated flow regime rather than the linear flow regime. Case studies of seven TMS wells indicated that the proposed model allows approximation of the field data with good accuracy. Production data analyses with the model revealed that the pressure-dependent fracture conductivity in the TMS in the Mississippi section declines following a logarithmic mode, with dimensionless coefficient χ varying between 0.116 and 0.130. The pressure-dependent decline of fracture conductivity in the transient flow period is more significant than that in the boundary-dominated flow period.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS OF NEUTRINO-DOMINATED ACCRETION FLOWS WITH A NON-ZERO TORQUE BOUNDARY CONDITION AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN GAMMA-RAY BURSTS

A stellar-mass black hole (BH) surrounded by a neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) has been discussed in a number of works as the central engine of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). It is widely believed that NDAF cannot liberate enough energy for bright GRBs. However, these works have been based on the assumption of a “no torque” boundary condition, which is invalid when the disk is magnetized. In this paper, we present both numerical and analytical solutions for NDAFs with non-zero boundary stresses and reexamine their properties. We find that an NDAF with such a boundary torque can be powerful enough to account for those bright short GRBs, energetic long GRBs, and ultra-long GRBs. The disk becomes viscously unstable, which makes it possible to interpret the variability of GRB prompt emission and the steep decay phase in the early X-ray afterglow. Finally, we study the gravitational waves radiated from a processing BH-NDAF. We find that the effects of the boundary torque on the strength of the gravitational waves can be ignored.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Failed Radiatively Accelerated Dusty Outflow Model of the Broad Line Region in Active Galactic Nuclei. I. Analytical Solution

The physical origin of the broad line region in active galactic nuclei is still unclear despite many years of observational studies. The reason is that the region is unresolved, and the reverberation mapping results imply a complex velocity field. We adopt a theory-motivated approach to identify the principal mechanism responsible for this complex phenomenon. We consider the possibility that the role of dust is essential. We assume that the local radiation pressure acting on the dust in the accretion disk atmosphere launches the outflow of material, but higher above the disk the irradiation from the central parts causes dust evaporation and a subsequent fallback. This failed radiatively accelerated dusty outflow is expected to represent the material forming low ionization lines. In this paper we formulate simple analytical equations to describe the cloud motion, including the evaporation phase. The model is fully described just by the basic parameters of black hole mass, accretion rate, black hole spin, and viewing angle. We study how the spectral line generic profiles correspond to this dynamic. We show that the virial factor calculated from our model strongly depends on the black hole mass in the case of enhanced dust opacity, and thus it then correlates with the line width. This could explain why the virial factor measured in galaxies with pseudobulges differs from that obtained from objects with classical bulges, although the trend predicted by the current version of the model is opposite to the observed trend.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Transverse Vector Decomposition Method for Analytical Inversion of Exoplanet Transit Spectra

Abstract We develop a new method for analytical inversion of binned exoplanet transit spectra and for retrieval of planet parameters. The method has a geometrical interpretation and treats each observed spectrum as a single vector r → in the multidimensional spectral space of observed bin values. We decompose the observed r → into two orthogonal components: a wavelength-independent component r → ∥ corresponding to the spectral mean across all observed bins, and a transverse component r → ⊥ that is wavelength dependent and contains the relevant information about the atmospheric chemistry. The method allows us to extract, without any prior assumptions or additional information, the relative mass (or volume) mixing ratios of the absorbers in the atmosphere, the scale height to stellar radius ratio, H / R S , and the atmospheric temperature. The method is illustrated and validated with several examples of increasing complexity.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗