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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,369 records · Page 76
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Selecting Charged Current Muon Neutrino Interactions on Argon with the Short-Baseline Near Detector

The uncertainties associated with neutrino-nucleus cross section modelling need to be reduced in order to measure neutrino oscillation parameters, the mass hierarchy and CP violation to a high degree of precision. SBND, a 112 ton liquid argon time projection chamber, will be the near detector of the short-baseline neutrino program at Fermilab. Once data taking begins in 2022, it will provide flux constraints for sterile neutrino searches and produce world leading neutrino-argon cross sections with up to seven million neutrino events in three years. This thesis describes the simulation, calibration and reconstruction tools developed to measure charged current muon neutrino interactions.Backgrounds from cosmic ray muons, neutrino interactions outside of the detector and different neutrino interaction channels were identified and removed as part of this process.The signal events were selected with purity of 90% and an efficiency of 67%, providing a strong starting point for meas urements of exclusive channels. The expected statistical and systematic uncertainties on rate predictions and cross section measurements at the full 6.6×10$^{20}$ proton on target exposure were evaluated.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Negative Ion Formation in Complex Heavy Systems

The project’s primary objective is to gain a fundamental theoretical understanding of the near-threshold electron attachment mechanism in low energy electron elastic scattering from complex heavy systems through the calculation of integral and differential cross sections and extract reliable electron affinities (EAs). The complex angular momentum (CAM), also known as Regge-pole methodology wherein is fully embedded the crucial electron-electron correlations and the core polarization interaction, is used for the investigations. Regge trajectories allow us to probe electron attachment at the fundamental level near threshold, thereby uncovering new manifestations, including the mechanism of nanocatalysis, and determine reliable EAs. Low-energy electron elastic scattering total cross sections (TCSs) for the lanthanide and actinide atoms and the fullerene molecules are calculated. From the TCSs ground, metastable and excited states anionic binding energies (BEs) are extracted and compared with the available measured and/or calculated EAs. Significantly, our calculated ground state anionic BEs correspond to the theoretically challenging to calculate EAs and they are used to assess the reliability of existing EAs. Doubly charged negative ions of atoms and molecules are proposed as novel tunable catalysts and demonstrated in the oxidation of water into peroxide. Negatively charged fullerene molecules are used to catalyze water oxidation to peroxide and water synthesis from H 2 and O 2 as well. Violation of time-reversal and particle-hole symmetries in strongly correlated Fermi systems are reviewed with the collaboration involving the International Laboratory of Fermi Condensation.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Examination of Intergranular Crack on SC0234

The microstructure of the SC0234 weld was evaluated per DA-SPEC-01067, ''General Purpose Heat Source (GPHS) Plutonium-238 Dioxide Fueled Clad Product Specification'' and it was determined that the weld microstructure conformed to the quality requirements. During the examination of weld cross section, the metallographic analysis revealed the presence of a surface crack. Prior visual examination per RPS-TA55-303 had not revealed the crack, nor did the surface photography performed per RPS-TA55-302. The presence of the crack does not violate any of the product specifications called out on DA-SPEC-01067. Although there is a well-documented history of weld hot crack susceptibility in the early development of the DOP-26 iridium alloy, a surface crack such as this had not been documented during welding at Los Alamos. In the interest of better understanding the cause; the product engineer/program recommended further examination of the crack. This report discusses the examination of the crack found in the weld cross section of simulant clad SC0234. Metallography, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy techniques (EDS) where used in the analysis of the crack and the surrounding weld microstructure.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Alignment of the straw tracking detectors for the Fermilab Muon $g − 2$ experiment and systematic studies for a muon electric dipole moment measurement

The Fermilab Muon $g-2$ experiment is currently preparing for its fourth data-taking period (Run-4). The experiment-wide effort on the analysis of Run-1 data is nearing completion, with the announcement of the first result expected in the coming months. The final goal of the experiment is to determine the muon magnetic anomaly to a precision of 140 ppb. This level of precision will provide indirect evidence of new physics, if the central value agrees with the previously-measured value of the magnetic anomaly. Essential in reducing the systematic uncertainty, through measurements of the muon beam profile, are the in-vacuum straw tracking detectors. A crucial prerequisite in obtaining accurate distributions of the beam profile is the internal alignment of the tracking detectors, which is described in this thesis. As a result of this position calibration, the tracking efficiency has increased by 3%, while the track quality increased by 4%. This thesis also discusses an additional measurement that will be made using the tracking detectors: a search for an electric dipole moment (EDM) of the muon, through the direct detection of an oscillation in the average vertical angle of the electron from the muon decay. An observation of a muon EDM would be evidencemore » of new physics and would provide a new source of CP violation in the charged lepton sector. Essential in measuring the EDM are accurate and precise estimations of potential non-zero radial and longitudinal magnetic fields, which were estimated using the Run-1 data. In addition, a preliminary analysis using the Run-1 data was undertaken to estimate the available precision for the magnetic anomaly measurement using the tracking detectors.« less

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

A pion-argon cross section measurement in the ProtoDUNE-SP experiment with cosmogenic muon

Neutrinos are tiny mysterious fundamental particles with small cross sections. Through neutrino physics, scientists across the world are trying to answer many intriguing questions about nature such as the dominance of matter over antimatter, CP violation in the lepton sector, number of supernovas in the early universe, etc. Detection of neutrinos requires massive particle detectors and intense neutrino beam owing to their small cross section. Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation neutrino experiment that is planned to start taking data beginning in 2026. DUNE will consist of 4 massive detectors, the first of which will be using single-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) technology. The ProtoDUNE-SP experiment is a prototype of the DUNE built at the CERN neutrino platform and uses the same detector technology that will be used in DUNE first module. The ProtoDUNE-SP experiment collected months of test beam and cosmic ray data beginning in September 2018. It was built to provide a testbed for the installation of detector parts for DUNE, showing long-term stability of the detector, understanding detector response for different test beam particles (including protons, pions, electrons, kaons, muons), and measurement of hadron-argon cross sections. When a particle passes through LArTPC electron-ion pairs are produced. To reconstruct the position and energy of a particle passing through the medium knowledge of ionization electron drift velocity is essential. The electron drift velocity is distorted by an excess positive charge built up in the detector, known as space charge. This study discusses a novel technique for measuring the ionization electron drift velocity using cosmic-ray muons. The technique uses tracks that travel the entire drift distance of the TPC for drift velocity determination. Secondly, the study discusses a method for converting the charge deposited into energy. The method is carried out in two step s. In th e first step detector response for energetic cosmic ray muons crossing the entire the TPC is used to make the charge deposition uniform throughout the TPC, and in the second step stopping cosmic-ray muons are used for determining the energy scale. Finally, the study discusses a pion-argon cross section measurement based on reweighting of Monte Carlo simulations using J. Calcutt's Geant4Reweight framework. Neutrinos cannot be directly detected; they are identified based on the interaction products. Pions are a common interaction product in a neutrino interaction. For precise modeling of neutrino event generators, it is essential to understand the pion-argon interaction. Pion-argon cross section measurement serves as an important input for neutrino interaction models. The results of the pion-argon total reaction cross section using the Geant4 reweighting technique are found to be in good agreement with Geant4 predictions. The many studies carried out in the ProtoDUNE-SP experi ment wil l be useful for current and future neutrino experiments using LArTPC technology including ICARUS, MicroBooNE, DUNE

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Survey of Advanced Generation IV Reactor Parameters for Integrated Energy System Modeling Capabilities

This paper is to categorize and characterize advanced Generation IV nuclear reactors that are not water based according to the key parameters for the Integrated Energy Systems (IES) project[1]. A key goal of the IES project is to assess the economic viability of including an advanced nuclear reactor into an IES. The landscape of advanced reactors is heterogeneous: several unique designs with different heat profiles are currently being studied and designed. This report provides a high-level perspective of advanced reactor concepts, including primary loop nuclear output temperatures and operation schemes that could affect secondary side power production or storage. For example, this report addresses the type of thermodynamic system (Brayton, supercritical CO 2 [S-CO 2 ], etc.) and the various pressures and temperatures on the secondary side that are expected to be provided by the various primary side reactor types. Based on these characteristics, it may be possible to determine which type of nuclear power plant could be the most economical for analysis in the IES framework for power production coupled with energy storage and waste heat utilization. The results of this effort will serve as input for model development of various secondary side components, concentrating on off-the-shelf capabilities for current and near future secondary side power generation and heat rejection as simulated in TRANSFORM. Generic models can be created which are agnostic of the nuclear energy supply without violating intellectual property rights of the developer. These models can be used to make informed decisions on the economics of integrating various energy system components with nuclear plant designs. Once complete, conclusions may be drawn regarding (1) the economics, efficiency, and reliability of certain nuclear reactors, (2) certain industry processes and energy storage systems, and (3) prioritization of certain reactor types with the studied industry types.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Fundamental Neutron Physics: Theory and Analysis

The research topic of the project focus on the theoretical study of the possibility to search for manifestations of new physics beyond the Standard model in fundamental neutron physics, with emphasis on fundamental symmetries and "exotic'' interactions. The mail goals concentrate on the search for Time Reversal Invariance Violation (TRIV) in neutron nuclei scattering, and on possible manifestations of new physics in neutron-antineutron oscillations and their interactions with nuclei. Theoretical methods for analysis and interpretations of TRIV parameters in neutron scattering with the possible background interactions, and for unambiguous separation of the effects related to manifestations of new physics have been developed. The obtained results will be applied for the development of experimental programs in fundamental neutron physics at the Spallation Neutron Sources (SNS) in USA, Japan, and Europe.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Operation Greenhouse

As Edward Teller boarded a plane leaving Enewetak Atoll on May 9, 1951, he slipped a five-dollar bill to Ernest Lawrence. He had bet Lawrence that the George shot of Operation Greenhouse would not ignite its thermonuclear fuel – and lost. Payment of the gambling debt was, technically, a security violation.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2021

Mitigating Phase Unbalance for Distribution Systems with High Penetrations of Solar PV (Final Technical Report)

Distribution system operators have traditionally limited unbalance among phases by maintaining similar loadings on each phase. High penetrations of distributed solar PV continually change the net loading on each phase, resulting in time-varying phase unbalances that can damage three-phase devices such as three-phase motors, violate grid codes, and increase technical losses. This project has developed several control strategies for the reactive power outputs of solar PV inverters in order to mitigate power quality issues related to phase unbalance. These control strategies include a decentralized approach that is solely based on local measurements, distributed and grouped approaches that consider subsets of loads and PV generators, and a centralized approach that leverages measurements from a variety of locations in order to compute optimal reactive power setpoints for each inverter. Variants of the controllers handle challenges relevant to practical implementations, including noisy measurements, delayed communications, and reactive power limits. Moreover, the project developed theory that provides convergence guarantees for systems with multiple interacting controllers as well as “balanceability” certificates that ensure satisfaction of phase unbalance requirements with variable loading. The controllers were integrated with NRECA’s Open Modeling Framework (omf.coop) and evaluated using actual distribution system models obtained from several NRECA member utilities. Application of the controllers results in significant improvements to phase unbalance in these test cases with decreases from base case levels of over 3% to under 0.5%, which is within the 2% IEC phase unbalance standard.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

R&D toward design for a pion-production target for Mu2e-II

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for evidence of charged lepton flavor violation by observing the conversion of a negative muon into an electron in the Coulomb field of a nucleus without emission of neutrinos and will probe effective new-physics mass scales in the 103-104 TeV range. One of the main parts of the Mu2e experimental setup is its target station in which negative pions are generated in interactions of the 8 GeV primary proton beam with a tungsten target, which will be capable of producing $2\times10^{17}$ negative muons per year. Mu2e can be extended by a next generation experiment, Mu2e-II, with a sensitivity improved by another factor of 10 or more as enabled by the PIP-II accelerator upgrade project. PIP-II is a 250-meter-long linac capable of accelerating a 2 mA proton beam to a kinetic energy of 800 MeV corresponding to 1.6 MW of power. To achieve another factor of ten improvement in sensitivity, Mu2e-II will require about 100 kW of proton beam on target, and the added power requires a new target design. We will present our progress in RD of a target station conceptual design for Mu2e-II, using the MARS15 and G4beamline Monte-Carlo codes toward a selection between granular, conveyor, and rotating cylindrical target options.

Lynch, Kevin Richard↗
DOE OSTI2020

Performance Analysis and Radiation Damage Estimation of the Stopping Target Monitor Detectors in Mu2e

The Mu2e experiment aims to search for the charged lepton flavour violating (CLFV) process of a coherent, neutrinoless, conversion of a muon into an electron within the proximity of an aluminium nucleus. Mu2e seeks to measure the ratio (R μe ) of the rate of this conversion process, relative to that of ordinary muon capture. Mu2e will achieve world-leading sensitivity, improving the current limit of Rμe < 7 ×10 -13 (90% C.L.),set by the SINDRUM-II experiment, by an order of 104. This corresponds to a single-event sensitivity of Rμe < 2.87 × 10 -17 (90% C.L.). Many beyond Standard Model (BSM) theories require CLFV to occur at a rate accessible by Mu2e. Any observation of CLFV at Mu2e would have profound implications on particle physics. The Stopping Target Monitor (STM) will be comprised of both a HPGe and a LaBr3 detector which will monitor the signals of photons produced in stopped-muon processes to a required accuracy of 10%. To achieve the desired sensitivity, it is imperative that the detectors perform at their optimal level. The STM detectors are placed within a harsh radiation environment in the form of a high energy ‘flash’ of gamma radiation as well as a flux of fast neutrons. Estimations of radiation damage to HPGe in literature is limited. This thesis reports an approach which utilizes the Kinetic-Energy Released in Matter (KERMA) parameter that considers the energy dependence of the incident flux and the cross-section information for the incident particle. Resampling schemes have been adopted to give a realistic rate over the experiment run time. The results have then been normalized to the radiation damage caused by a 252 Cf source. The estimated time before annealing of the detector is necessary is found to be 75 and 78 months in the case of neutron damage and τ ~ 24 years, 11 months in the case of electron/positron induced damage. This shows significant improvement on the previous estimations.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

1st Quarter Emergency Drill at SERF: Player's Briefing [Slides]

The purpose of this briefing is to provide drill information to players participating in the 1st Quarter Emergency Drill at SERF as follows: Communicate general drill information and conduct expectations; Outline roles and responsibilities; and Provide safely and securely guidance to ensure unsafe act or security violation does not occur during the drill.

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2021

AGGREGATE: dAta-driven modelinG preservinG contRollable dEr for outaGe mAnagemenT and rEsiliency (Final Report)

The AGGREGATE project team successfully developed and validated various modules for outage management. Brief summaries of each module are provided to showcase their strength for outage management and restoration for a distribution system with a high penetration of connected distribution energy resources (DERs). In recent years, inverter-based DERs have been widely deployed in distribution system. A most of behind-the-meter (BTM) solar power generation is not visible to the utility. The data-driven DER and load estimation modules are using machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) to manage this issue, which provides an opportunity for distribution system operators (DSOs) to operate systems and make decisions in real-time for a distribution system with a high penetration of DERs deployed. Also, the estimated DER and true load can be further leveraged in network aggregation and cold-load pick up estimation for reducing the computing complexity and providing for fast restoration. After load demand and DER power generations have been estimated, the information will support topology and state estimation (SE). The topology estimation module demonstrated the viability of mixed integer linear programming (MILP) formulation to estimate the most likely operational radial topology and outage sections using power flow measurements, historical/estimated load and DERs data and smart meter ping measurements. Formulation includes continuous (power flow, load and DERs data) and binary measurements (smart meter ping measurements) in a single formulation. Errors in continuous data and binary data are modeled as normal distribution and Bernoulli distribution, respectively. In the future distribution grid, the power injection from controllable DERs will be essential for efficient and resilient grid operation. However, determining the optimal DER injections and restoration actions is dependent on knowledge of the system states. State estimation (SE), already the cornerstone of transmission energy management systems, will become commonplace in distribution management systems as more measurements become available from deployment of automated metering infrastructure (AMI). Observability analysis is the first step in SE, as it determines the sufficiency of the available measurements for accurately estimating the current system states. A new type of pseudo-measurement called a Correlational Measurement (CM) is introduced in this module, to enhance the observability of the system to enable more accurate SE. CMs encapsulate knowledge of correlation between demand patterns for similar classes of loads as well as injection patterns for same-technology renewable DERs. During grid contingency scenarios, DERs have been traditionally disconnected, without any fault ride-through capabilities. However, with new regulations and better technology, it is feasible for these resources to contribute to the grid’s restoration after an adverse event and hence enhance resilience. The controllability module proposes a two-step restoration scheme for the power system restoration process by leveraging additional degrees of freedom in power electronics interfaced DERs for mitigating voltage problems. In a resilience mode without the utility system, the distribution grid relies on DERs to serve critical load. In such a severe event with multiple faults on the distribution feeders, actuation of various protective devices (PDs) divides the distribution system into electrical islands. The undetected actuated PDs due to fault current contributions from DERs can delay the restoration process, thereby reducing the system resilience. The Advanced Outage Management (AOM) and the Advanced Feeder Restoration (AFR) modules developed in this project provide improved system resilience with multiple DERs. AOM identifies the faulted sections and actuated PDs in a distribution system with DERs by incorporating smart meter data. The most credible outage scenario including fault locations, PD actuations, and fault indicator (FI) failures is identified by a set of binary integer linear programming incorporating hypotheses. The AFR module serves to restore a distribution system with available energy resources taking into consideration the availability of utility sources and DERs. By partitioning the system into islands, critical load will be served with the available generation resources within islands based on the solution of a MILP. When the utility systems become available, the optimal path will be determined by a spanning tree search algorithm that reconnects these islands back to substations and restores the remaining load. The transmission and distribution (T&D) co-simulation module was used to validate the effect of a control action performed on the distribution side assets as it propagates to the transmission side. This ensures that the control action performed results in a feasible operating point on both the transmission and the distribution system. In addition to validation, the team used the T&D co-simulation module to demonstrate how distribution system assets can be used to mitigate issues on the transmission system. Specifically, the team demonstrated that appropriate switching operations on the distribution side can alleviate the line overload condition on the transmission side without causing new operational constraint violations.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Cybersecurity Certification Recommendations for Interconnected Grid Edge Devices and Inverter Based Resources

Escalating deployment of PV and grid-edge devices on the distribution grid has increased the sustainability and efficiency of the electric grid. However, the increasing number of distributed energy resources (DERs) deployed creates a heightened cyber-physical interdependency on the distribution grid and thus creates more vectors for cyber-attacks to exploit through information and communication technology (ICT) systems and networks. For example, control signal packets can be modified, intercepted, or corrupted due to vulnerabilities in communication protocols used by microgrid controllers and grid edge devices for power control. Therefore, to mitigate and prevent cyber-attacks on grid edge devices and the inverter-based resources connected to the distribution grid, the U.S. Department of Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) awarded funding to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Sandia National Laboratory (SNL) to research, develop, and harmonize cybersecurity standards for Photovoltaic (PV) systems and for other kinds of DERs. To help develop a standard for DER cybersecurity, NREL established certification recommendations and test cases, in consensus with the solar industry and UL, for ensuring intrinsic design security for DERs. These recommendations were developed to bolster the cybersecure functionalities such as TLS, MAC, CRL, session resumption/renegotiation, and password, system, and service security management within the DER devices. The proposed test cases verify authentication, authorization, confidentiality, and data integrity for data and communications of DERs that use Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). They were also developed to protect DER communications from eavesdropping, replay, man-in-the-middle, denial of service (DoS), spoofing through security certificates, least-privilege violation, and brute-force credentials. This report, which has been validated and reviewed by UL, expands upon those test cases to provide DER cybersecurity certification recommendations which increase DER resiliency and help to mitigate cyber-attacks. UL's collaboration with NREL and approval of this document will accelerate the adoption of a UL standard for DER cybersecurity.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2021

A Scalable Mixed-Integer Decomposition Method for Security-Constrained Optimal Power Flow with Complementarity Constraints

This project aimed to develop a scalable algorithm for security-constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) under contingency scenarios. In particular, the SCOPF problem targeted in the GO Competition is challenging because of the nonconvexity, its nonsmoothness, and the problem size, which increases with the number of contingency events. Complementarity constraints imposed in post-contingency variables are particularly challenging because they lead to a violation of constraint qualifications at any feasible point.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Automation of FARM from Alpha Phase to Beta Phase

Integrated energy systems (IES) combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework and the RAVEN plugin for grid and capacity optimization (HERON) are used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES, by respecting the limits on the production variables and the corresponding rates of variation (explicit constraints). Besides, there are other process variables whose evolution needs to be bounded to avoid damaging the components (e.g., condensers, heat exchangers, steam generators, etc.) or degrading the process efficiency (e.g., electrolysis in the hydrogen production process). To avoid violating these latter limits (implicit constraints), a proof-of-concept HERON validator based on Feasible Actuator Range Modifier (FARM-Alpha) was developed by Argonne National Laboratory in January 2021. This FARM-Alpha validator calculates the evolution of process variables on whom the implicit constraints are placed, and then provides feedback to HERON dispatcher to adjust the power setpoints of three IES components, i.e., Balance of Plant, Secondary Energy Source, and Thermal Energy Storage, so as to meet both the explicit and implicit constraints. FARM-Alpha was designed to assess the performance of FARM as a HERON validator only, i.e., the list of components and implicit operational constraints were hard-coded within the source code. The lack of flexibility of the corresponding software structure does not allow the deployment in production environment. This report describes the development and the implementation of an enhanced version of the FARM-based validator (FARM-Beta), which ensures more flexibility for the end user in modeling multiple IES configurations and scenarios. Several test cases of the power dispatch problem were then selected to demonstrate the capabilities offered by FARM-beta. The test cases illustrate the efficiency of the closed-loop optimization scheme and the capability to calculate set-point trajectories satisfying both explicit and implicit constraints.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

Experimental Searches for Muon to Electron Conversion in a Nucleus: COMET, DeeMe, and Mu2e (A Contributed paper for Snowmass 21)

Searches for charged lepton flavor violation (CLFV) offer deep probes for a range of new physics scenarios, such as super-symmetric models, theories involving scalar leptoquarks or additional Higgs doublets, and models explaining the neutrino mass hierarchy and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe via leptogenesis. The coherent, neutrinoless conversion of a muon to an electron in the field of a nucleus, $\mu^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$, is one example of a muonic CLFV process which has sensitivity to this new physics. This paper details three experiments: COMET, DeeMe and Mu2e which will search for $\mu^{-}+N\rightarrow e^{-} +N$ in the coming decade. These experiments offer sensitivity up to an effective new physics mass scale of $\mathcal{O}(10^{4}$ TeV/c$^{2}$), going far beyond what can be achieved in direct, collider-based, searches. The theoretical motivation, designs and anticipated timelines for these three experiments are presented. These experiments are a crucial part of a global search for CLFV. Continued support for all planned experimental searches for muonic CLFV is strongly encouraged.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗