Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Tabulated”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,369 records · Page 76

Analysis of pressure-broadened ozone spectra in the 3 micron region

This work involves the analysis of a series of McMath Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of ozone broadened by mixing with air (four different pressures), nitrogen (three pressures), or oxygen (three pressures). Each spectrum covers the region from 2396 to 4057 cm(-1). This study focused on the 3 sub nu sub 3 band in t 3000 to 3060 cm(-1). The band is analyzed by first dividing its region into small intervals containing a few well isolated absorption lines of reasonable intensity. Each of these small intervals is fit by multiple iterations of the nonlinear least squares program until residuals (the difference between calculated and observed spectrum, as a percent of the strongest intensity in the interval) are minimized to a reasonable value which corresponds to the noise level of the measured spectrum. Position, intensity, and half-width are recorded for later analysis. From the measured half-widths, a pressure broadening coefficient was determined for each absorption line. Pressure shifts were determined by comparing observed line positions in the spectra of the diluted ozone samples to tabulated line positions determined from spectra of pure gas samples. Comparisons to other work on ozone indicate that the broadening and shift coefficients determined in this study are consistent with those determined in other spectral regions.

Prochaska, Eleanor S.↗

Trends in stratospheric minor constituents

Photochemical models predict that increasing source gas concentrations are also expected to lead to changes in the concentrations of both catalytically active radical species (such as NO2, ClO, and OH) and inactive reservoir species (such as HNO3, HCl, and H2O). For simplicity, we will refer to all these as trace species. Those species that are expected to have increasing concentration levels are investigated. Additionally, the trace species concentration levels are monitored for unexpected changes on the basis of the measure increase in source gases. Carrying out these investigations is difficult due to the limited data base of measurements of stratospheric trace species. In situ measurements are made only infrequently, and there are few satelliteborne measurements, most over a time space insufficient for trend determination. Instead, ground-based measurements of column content must be used for many species, and interpretation is complicated by contributions from the troposphere or mesosphere or both. In this chapter, we examine existing measurements as published or tabulated.

Stolarski, R. S.↗

Crustal dynamics project data analysis, 1991: VLBI geodetic results, 1979 - 1990

The Goddard VLBI group reports the results of analyzing 1412 Mark II data sets acquired from fixed and mobile observing sites through the end of 1990 and available to the Crustal Dynamics Project. Three large solutions were used to obtain Earth rotation parameters, nutation offsets, global source positions, site velocities, and baseline evolution. Site positions are tabulated on a yearly basis from 1979 through 1992. Site velocities are presented in both geocentric Cartesian coordinates and topocentric coordinates. Baseline evolution is plotted for 175 baselines. Rates are computed for earth rotation and nutation parameters. Included are 104 sources, 88 fixed stations and mobile sites, and 688 baselines.

Ma, C.↗

Fluid mechanics experiments in oscillatory flow. Volume 1: Report

Results of a fluid mechanics measurement program in oscillating flow within a circular duct are presented. The program began with a survey of transition behavior over a range of oscillation frequency and magnitude and continued with a detailed study at a single operating point. Such measurements were made in support of Stirling engine development. Values of three dimensionless parameters, Re(sub max), Re(sub w), and A(sub R), embody the velocity amplitude, frequency of oscillation and mean fluid displacement of the cycle, respectively. Measurements were first made over a range of these parameters which included operating points of all Stirling engines. Next, a case was studied with values of these parameters that are representative of the heat exchanger tubes in the heater section of NASA's Stirling cycle Space Power Research Engine (SPRE). Measurements were taken of the axial and radial components of ensemble-averaged velocity and rms-velocity fluctuation and the dominant Reynolds shear stress, at various radial positions for each of four axial stations. In each run, transition from laminar to turbulent flow, and its reverse, were identified and sufficient data was gathered to propose the transition mechanism. Models of laminar and turbulent boundary layers were used to process the data into wall coordinates and to evaluate skin friction coefficients. Such data aids in validating computational models and is useful in comparing oscillatory flow characteristics to those of fully-developed steady flow. Data were taken with a contoured entry to each end of the test section and with flush square inlets so that the effects of test section inlet geometry on transition and turbulence are documented. Volume 1 contains the text of the report including figures and supporting appendices. Volume 2 contains data reduction program listings and tabulated data (including its graphical presentation).

Seume, J.↗

Atomic oxygen exposure of LDEF experiment trays

Atomic oxygen exposures were determined analytically for rows, longerons, and end bays of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF). The calculations are based on an analytical model that accounts for the effects of thermal molecular velocity, atmospheric temperature, number density, spacecraft velocity, incidence angle, and atmospheric rotation on atomic oxygen flux. Results incorporate variations in solar activity, geomagnetic index, and orbital parameters occurring over the 6-year flight of the spacecraft. To facilitate use of the data, both detailed tabulations and summary charts for atomic oxygen fluences are presented.

Bourassa, R. J.↗

Overview of NASA supported Stirling thermodynamic loss research

NASA is funding research to characterize Stirling machine thermodynamic losses. NASA's primary goal is to improve Stirling design codes to support engine development for space and terrestrial power. However, much of the fundamental data is applicable to Stirling cooling and heat pump applications. The research results are reviewed. Much was learned about oscillating flow hydrodynamics, including laminar/turbulent transition, and tabulated data was documented for further analysis. Now, with a better understanding of the oscillating flow field, it is time to begin measuring the effects of oscillating flow and oscillating pressure level on heat transfer in heat exchanger flow passages and in cylinders.

Tew, Roy C.↗

Windshear radar calibration: Transmitter power and receiver gain stability

An experimental windshear Doppler radar was flown on 27 occasions during a series of flight experiments in 1991. Radar calibrations were performed by the flight team to monitor the transmitter power and receiver gain from pre-flight to post-flight and from one day to another. From the recorded calibration data, the receiver gain and effective receiver system noise were calculated and tabulated, together with the transmitter power. These quantities of interest are compared for two receiver/transmitter (R/T) units and two intermediate frequency (IF) bandwidths that were tested in various modes. It was found that, in most operating modes, gain stayed within a 2.5-dB range and transmitter power stayed within a 20-watt range. R/T number 1 had 0.8 dB more gain and 1.2 dBm less noise power than R/T number 2. The 7-MHz IF bandwidth resulted in 1 dB more gain and 1 dBm less noise than the 2-MHz IF bandwidth. Depending on the R/T unit and IF bandwidth, the effective system noise power averaged between -107.3 dBm and -109.5 dBm.

Mackenzie, Anne I.↗

Laser anemometer measurements and computations in an annular cascade of high turning core turbine vanes

An advanced laser anemometer (LA) was used to measure the axial and tangential velocity components in an annular cascade of turbine stator vanes designed for a high bypass ratio engine. These vanes were based on a redesign of the first-stage stator, of a two-stage turbine, that produced 75 degrees of flow turning. Tests were conducted on a 0.771 scale model of the engine size stator. The advanced LA fringe system was designed to employ thinner than usual laser beams resulting in a 50-micron-diameter probe volume. Window correction optics were used to ensure that the laser beams did not uncross in passing through the curved optical access port. Experimental LA measurements of velocity and turbulence were obtained both upstream, within, and downstream of the stator vane row at the design exit critical velocity ratio of 0.896 at the hub. Static pressures were also measured on the vane surface. The measurements are compared, where possible with calculations from a 3-D inviscid flow analysis. The data are presented in both graphic and tabulated form so that they may be readily used to compare against other turbomachinery computations.

Goldman, Louis J.↗

Analysis, review, and documentation of the activation data from LDEF material

Samples removed from Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF-1) are being studied at various laboratories to determine the specific activity(pCi/kg) produced in orbit by exposure to protons and neutrons in near-Earth orbit. These activities are being corrected for efficiency, self-attenuation, and background. The activities and associated gamma-ray spectra are being collected, analyzed, documented and reviewed by faculty and graduate students at Eastern Kentucky University. The currently available activation results have been tabulated and reviewed in this report. Approximately 500 spectra have been accumulated for future archival and analysis. The effect of the changing satellite orbit on the activation is reported herein and was calculated using more recent estimates of the flux of Van Allen belt protons.

Laird, C. E.↗

An approximate local thermodynamic nonequilibrium radiation model for air

A radiatively coupled viscous shock layer analysis program which includes chemical and thermal nonequilibrium is used to calculate stagnation point flow profiles for typical aeroassisted orbital transfer vehicle conditions. Two methods of predicting local thermodynamic nonequilibrium radiation effects are used as a first and second order approximation to this phenomena. Tabulated results for both nitrogen and air freestreams are given with temperature, species, and radiation profiles for some air conditions. Two body solution results are shown for 45 and 60 degree hyperboloid bodies at 12 km/sec and 80 km altitude. The presented results constitute an advancement in the engineering modeling of radiating nonequilibrium reentry flows.

Gally, Thomas A.↗

Effect of including variable gas properties and entrained particles in the flow analysis of the ASRM nozzle

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of using constant gas properties for the analysis of the Advanced Solid Rocket Motor (ASRM) nozzle and to gain more understanding concerning those types of analysis which might require this additional complexity. Kinetics data for viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat, and specific heat ratio are extracted from the Solid Propellant Rocket Motor Performance Prediction Computer Program (SPP) and tabulated as a function of temperature. These tables are added to the Aerovisc computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code in place of the constant gas property values. The results of a CFD analysis of the ASRM 48 inch motor with constant gas properties will be compared with an analysis which uses variable gas properties. Mach number, surface pressure, and torque plots are presented. A full scale ASRM analysis using SPP with and without particle flow is presented.

Clayton, Curtis D.↗

Resonance charge transfer, transport cross sections, and collision integrals for N(+)(3P)-N(4S0) and O(+)(4S0)-O(3P) interactions

N2(+) and O2(+) potential energy curves have been constructed by combining measured data with the results from electronic structure calculations. These potential curves have been employed to determine accurate charge exchange cross sections, transport cross sections, and collision integrals for ground state N(+)-N and O(+)-O interactions. The cross sections have been calculated from a semiclassical approximation to the scattering using a computer code that fits a spline curve through the discrete potential data and incorporates the proper long-range behavior of the interactions forces. The collision integrals are tabulated for a broad range of temperatures 250-100,000 K and are intended to reduce the uncertainty in the values of the transport properties of nonequilibrium air, particularly at high temperatures.

Stallcop, James R.↗

Einstein coefficients for rotational lines of the (0,0) band of the NO A2sigma(+)-X2Pi system

A summary of the spectroscopic equations necessary for prediction of the molecular transition energies and the Einstein A and B coefficients for rovibronic lines of the gamma(0,0) band of nitric oxide (NO) is presented. The calculated molecular transition energies are all within 0.57/cm of published experimental values; in addition, over 95 percent of the calculated energies give agreement with measured results within 0.25/cm. Einstein coefficients are calculated from the band A00 value and the known Hoenl-London factors and are tabulated for individual rovibronic transitions in the NO A2sigma(+)-X2Pi(0,0) band.

Reisel, John R.↗

On optimal infinite impulse response edge detection filters

The authors outline the design of an optimal, computationally efficient, infinite impulse response edge detection filter. The optimal filter is computed based on Canny's high signal to noise ratio, good localization criteria, and a criterion on the spurious response of the filter to noise. An expression for the width of the filter, which is appropriate for infinite-length filters, is incorporated directly in the expression for spurious responses. The three criteria are maximized using the variational method and nonlinear constrained optimization. The optimal filter parameters are tabulated for various values of the filter performance criteria. A complete methodology for implementing the optimal filter using approximating recursive digital filtering is presented. The approximating recursive digital filter is separable into two linear filters operating in two orthogonal directions. The implementation is very simple and computationally efficient, has a constant time of execution for different sizes of the operator, and is readily amenable to real-time hardware implementation.

Sarkar, Sudeep↗

Collision integrals for the interaction of the ions of nitrogen and oxygen in a plasma at high temperatures and pressures

The corrections to the transport cross-sections and collision integrals for Coulomb interactions arising from the application of realistic interaction energies of the ions of nitrogen and oxygen are investigated. Accurate potential-energy curves from an ab initio electronic-structure calculation and a semiclassical description of the scattering are used to determine the difference between the cross-sections for the real interaction forces and a Coulomb force for large values of the Debye shielding parameter. Graphs of the correction to the diffusion and viscosity-collision integrals are presented for temperatures from about 10,000 K to 150,000 K. This correction can be combined with tabulations of the collision integrals for shielded Coulomb potentials to determine the contribution of N(+)-N(+), N(+)-O(+), and O(+)-O(+) interactions to the transport properties of high-temperature air. Analytical forms are fitted to the calculated results to assist this application.

Stallcop, James R.↗

The optically thick C III spectrum. I - Term populations and multiplet intensities at lower optical depths

The C III spectrum is studied quantitatively under both optically thin and optically thick conditions, yielding term populations and line/multiplet intensities for column lengths from zero to 10 exp 18/sq cm. The roles of escape probabilities and line profiles in the calculation are discussed in some detail. It is shown that use of the fully integrated escape factor, rather than the more appropriate monodirectional escape probability, can lead to appreciable errors in calculated intensities. The results for populations and intensities make it possible to identify two unassigned features in the solar EUV spectrum of Vernazza and Reeves (1978) as C III multiplets, and to establish that an unidentified infrared solar feature at 8500.32 A, seen in both absorption (Fraunhofer) and emission (chromospheric) spectra, is the C III transition 2s3s(1S)-2s3p(1P). Voigt parameters for the C III lines and multiplets, obtained by a modified semiclassical method are tabulated. A new, unambiguous notation for the numerous line ratios present in a typical spectrum, which is argued to be an improvement over present arbitrary notations, is proposed and used.

Bhatia, A. K.↗

Data and information system requirements for Global Change Research

Efforts to develop local information systems for supporting interdisciplinary Global Change Research are described. A prototype system, the Interdisciplinary Science Data and Information System (IDS-DIS), designed to interface the larger archives centers of EOS-DIS is presented. Particular attention is given to a data query information management system (IMS), which has been used to tabulate information of Landsat data worldwide. The use of these data in a modeling analysis of deforestation and carbon dioxide emissions is demonstrated. The development of distributed local information systems is considered to be complementary to the development of central data archives. Global Change Research under the EOS program is likely to result in proliferation of data centers. It is concluded that a distributed system is a feasible and natural way to manage data and information for global change research.

Skole, David L.↗

Dipole moments and transition probabilities of the i 3Pi sub g-b 3Sigma(+) sub u, c 3Pi sub u-a 3Sigma(+) sub g, and i 3Pi sub g-c 3Pi sub u systems of molecular hydrogen

Bonn-Oppenheimer-based ab initio calculations of dipole moments from the i 3Pi sub g-b 3Sigma(+) sub u, c 3Pi sub u-a 3Sigma(+) sub g, and i 3Pi sub g-c 3Pi sub u transitions of H2 have been conducted, to yield a tabulation of the dipole transition probabilities and Franck-Condon factors. These factors are given for transitions originating in the lowest vibrational level of the ground X 1Sigma(+) sub g state.

Guberman, Steven L.↗