Modeling surface deformation observed with SAR interferometry at Campi Flegrei caldera
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The field of synthetic aperture radar changed dramatically over the past decade with the operational introduction of advanced radar techniques such as polarimetry and interferometry.
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During several intensive field campaigns in 1993 & 1994, the JPL airborne synthetic aperture radar obtained multifrequency polarimetric radar data over various areas in the Canadian boreal forest designated as primary BOREAS study sites. These were part of a major remote sensing effort geared toward studying the interaction of the forest biome and the atmosphere to identify their role in global change.
Several scattering mechanisms contribute to the total radar backscatter cross section measured by the synthetic aperture radar. These are volume scattering, trunk-ground double-bounce scattering, branch-ground double-bounce scattering, and surface scattering. All of these mechanisms are directly related to the dielectric constant of forest components responsible for that mechanism and their moisture.
Several scattering mechanisms contribute to the total radar backscatter cross section measured by the synthetic aperture radar. These are volume scattering, trunk-ground double-bounce scattering, branch-ground double-bounce scattering, and surface scattering. All of these mechanisms are directly related to the dielectric constant of forest components responsible for that mechanism and their moisture.
To understand and predict the functioning of forest biomes, their interaction with the atmosphere, and their growth rates, the knowledge of moisture content of their canopy and the floor soil is essential. The synthetic aperture radar on airborne and spaceborne platforms has proven to be a flexible tool for measuring electromagnetic back- scattering properties of vegetation related to their moisture content.
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