Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “data collection”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,333 records · Page 74
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Ideas and perspectives: Enhancing research and monitoring of carbon pools and land-to-atmosphere greenhouse gases exchange in developing countries

Carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) research has traditionally required data collection and analysis using advanced and often expensive instruments, complex and proprietary software, and highly specialized research technicians. Partly as a result, relatively little C and GHG research has been conducted in resource-constrained developing countries. At the same time, these are often the same countries and regions in which climate change impacts will likely be strongest and in which major science uncertainties are centered, given the importance of dryland and tropical systems to the global C cycle. Increasingly, scientific communities have adopted appropriate technology and approach (AT&A) for C and GHG research, which focuses on low-cost and low-technology instruments, open-source software and data, and participatory and networking-based research approaches. Adopting AT&A can mean acquiring data with fewer technical constraints and lower economic burden and is thus a strategy for enhancing C and GHG research in developing countries. However, AT&A can have higher uncertainties; these can often be mitigated by carefully designing experiments, providing clear protocols for data collection, and monitoring and validating the quality of obtained data. For implementing this approach in developing countries, it is first necessary to recognize the scientific and moral importance of AT&A. At the same time, new AT&A techniques should be identified and further developed. All these processes should be promoted in collaboration with local researchers and through training local staff and encouraged for wide use and further innovation in developing countries.

Kim, Dong-Gill↗
NASA NTRS1994

Heart Rate Variability During Early Adaptation to Space

A recent report hypothesized that episodes of space motion sickness (SMS) were reliably associated with low frequency oscillations (less than 0.03 to less than 0.01 Hz) in heart rate variability. This paper archives a large data set for review of investigators in this field which may facilitate the evaluation of this hypothesis. Continuous recording of Electro-cardiography (ECG) and other measures were made for 6 to 12 hours per day (waking hours) of six Shuttle crewmembers for the first 3 mission days of two separate Shuttle flights. Spectral analyses of heart rate variability during approximately 200 hours of inflight is presented. In addition, nearly 200 hours of data collected on these same individuals during ground tests prior to the mission are presented. The Purpose of this Publication is to document the incidence of low frequency oscillations of heart rate in 4 people exposed to microgravity over a period of five days. In addition, this report contains spectral analyses of heart rate data collected on these same individuals during ground-based mission simulations. By archiving these data in this manner, it is our intention to make this information available to other investigators interested in studying this phenomena.

Toscano, W. B.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Barge Site - Avian Radar System / Derived Data

This is a combined data set of 67,410 bird/bat tracks from an avian radar system deployed on a research barge (MERLIN True3D, DeTect, Panama City, Florida, USA) and concurrent wind measurements from two scanning lidars (WindCube v2.1, Vaisala, Vantaa, Finland, and Halo XR+, Halo Photonics, Lannion, France). The research barge (16.5 m x 61 m) was deployed as part of the Wind Forecast Improvement Project (WFIP-3) off the northeast coast of the United States south of Massachusetts (40.9 deg N, 70.79 deg W). This data set comprises 5 weeks of data between August 27th 2024 and September 27th 2024. Radar data were provided by DeTect and Lidar data were accessed through the Wind Data Hub (wfip3/barg.WINDPROF.z01.a0) The data have been filtered and sorted into two size groups ("big" and "small") based on a clustering approach. See Snortland, A., Clerc, J., Hein, C., & Cotter, E. (2025). Wind as Driver of Bird and Bat Abundance, Flight Direction, Altitude, and Speed on the North Atlantic Shelf. arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.14983 for complete details. Data are provided in 2 files: "Birds" and "Birds_hourly" Birds: This file contains information about each of the 67,410 flying animal tracks detected by the radar during the data collection period, including parameters measured by the radar and wind information interpolated from the lidar wind measurements. We note that the raw radar dataset contained 301,618 tracks; tracks in this processed dataset were filtered based on the requirements described in Snortland et al. (2025). Birds_hourly: This file contains timeseries of the number of tracks detected per hour over the course of the data collection period, including wind conditions and sun position for each hour. These data were used for generalized additive modeling in Snortland et al. (2025).

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Search for heavy neutral leptons decaying into muon-pion pairs in the MicroBooNE detector

We present upper limits on the production of heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) decaying to $\mu \pi$ pairs using data collected with the MicroBooNE liquid-argon time projection chamber (TPC) operating at Fermilab. This search is the first of its kind performed in a liquid-argon TPC. We use data collected in 2017 and 2018 corresponding to an exposure of $2.0 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target from the Fermilab Booster Neutrino Beam, which produces mainly muon neutrinos with an average energy of $\approx 800$ MeV. HNLs with higher mass are expected to have a longer time-of-flight to the liquid-argon TPC than Standard Model neutrinos. The data are therefore recorded with a dedicated trigger configured to detect HNL decays that occur after the neutrino spill reaches the detector. We set upper limits at the $90\%$ confidence level on the element $\lvert U_{\mu4}\rvert^2$ of the extended PMNS mixing matrix in the range $\lvert U_{\mu4}\rvert^2<(6.6$-$0.9)\times 10^{-7}$ for Dirac HNLs and $\lvert U_{\mu4}\rvert^2<(4.7$-$0.7)\times 10^{-7}$ for Majorana HNLs, assuming HNL masses between $260$ and $385$ MeV and $\lvert U_{e 4}\rvert^2 = \lvert U_{\tau 4}\rvert^2 = 0$.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2020

HSNMon: High-Speed Monitoring Software for Omni-Path

HSNMon is a robust high speed network monitoring daemon that provides insight into network availability, hardware failure, and network performance for switches and network cards. HSNMon collects counters, forwarding tables, and error information at high resolution using publicly available Omni-Path Management APIs. The collected data can be forwarded into multiple logging infrastructures including syslog and message queuing systems. HSNMon is only the infrastructure for collecting the network data. It does not include any collected data or proprietary LANL information

Holman, Brett↗
NASA NTRS1991

Surface scattering properties estimated from modeling airborne multiple emission angle reflectance data

Here, researchers apply the Hapke function to airborne bidirectional reflectance data collected over three terrestrial surfaces. The objectives of the study were to test the range of natural surfaces that the Hapke model fits and to evaluate model parameters in terms of known surface properties. The data used are multispectral and multiple emission angle data collected during the Geologic Remote Sensing Field Experiment (GRSFE) over a mud-cracked playa, an artificially roughened playa, and a basalt cobble strewn playa at Lunar Lake Playa in Nevada. Airborne remote sensing data and associated field measurements were acquired at the same time. The airborne data were acquired by the Advanced Solid State Array Spectroradiometer (ASAS) instrument, a 29-spectral band imaging system. ASAS reflectance data for a cobble-strewn surface and an artificially rough playa surface on Lunar Lake Playa can be explained with the Hanke model. The cobble and rough playa sites are distinguishable by a single scattering albedo, which is controlled by material composition; by the roughness parameter, which appears to be controlled by the surface texture and particle size; and the symmetry factor of the single particle phase function, which is controlled by particle size and shape. A smooth playa surface consisting of compacted, fine-grained particles has reflectance variations that are also distinct from either the cobble site or rough playa site. The smooth playa appears to behave more like a Lambertian surface that cannot be modeled with the Hapke function.

Guinness, Edward A.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Observation of the ${K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}$ decay and measurement of its branching ratio

A measurement of the ${K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}$ decay by the NA62 experiment at the CERN SPS is presented, using data collected in 2021 and 2022. This dataset was recorded, after modifications to the beamline and detectors, at a higher instantaneous beam intensity with respect to the 2016–2018 data taking. Combining NA62 data collected in 2016–2022, a measurement $\mathcal{B} ({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu}) = \large{(}13.0^{+3.3}_{-3.0}\large{)}$ x $10^{-11}$ of is reported. With 51 signal candidates observed and an expected background of $18^{+3}_{-2}$ events, $\mathcal{B} ({K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu})$ becomes the smallest branching ratio measured with a signal significance above 5σ.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

drtsans

drtsans is highly modular, allowing users to customize collected data as well as test hypothetical or simulated neutron events data. Instrument scientists can use the advance features of drtsans to calibrate their instruments and reduced large quantities of datasets in a streamlined mode. Users can correct the collected data with dark current subtraction and normalization by neutron flux, detector sensitivity, solid angle subtended by the detectors, and scaling to absolute units. Conversion from time-of-flight and/or wavelength to 1D or 2D momentum transfer renders the final scattering quantities amenable to analysis.

Bilheux, JeanC↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utah FORGE: Well 16A(78)-32/Well16B(78)-32 Circulation Test Data

This dataset encompasses the collected data and associated reports from the low-rate injection circulation test conducted on wells 16A(78)-32 and 16B(78)-32 in July 2023 at Utah FORGE. It includes comprehensive raw circulation data, captured by Pason and Schlumberger (SLB). The dataset details various parameters recorded during circulation testing such as produced fluid, injection pressure, injection rate, produced rate, temperature, downhole pressure difference, bottom hole pressure in the well, and surface treating pressure. Note that the Pason data is presented in Mountain Time, whereas the SLB data is in Pacific Time.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1987

Gravity waves and convection in Colorado during July 1983

The dynamics of gravity-wave/convective-cell interaction is studied using NOAA data collected in NE Colorado during July and August 1983. The pressure fields measured with microbarographs, the tropospheric wind profiles obtained with a UHF wind profiler radar, and precipitation data collected with a 10-cm weather radar for four events (A, B, C, and D) are analyzed. The four disturbances are detected through a substantial depth of the troposphere. It is observed that in event A the wave and convective cells appear to be locked together; in event B, the wave and convective cells commence about the same time, but the wave velocities differ from the cell velocities; and in events C and D, the waves move faster than the maximum wind in the jet and faster than the convective cells. It is suggested that events A and B are generated by wind shear in the jet stream, and the excitation of events C and D depends on mechanisms such as vertical convective motion and acceleration in the jet flow.

Einaudi, F.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Automatic mineral map generation procedure from imaging spectrometer data

An airborne imaging spectrometer collected data for 128 wave length channels covering from near to short wavelength infrared across a 320 m swath, to help obtain a mineral map of an area based on reflectance spectral signatures of the area. Minerals have distinctive crystal structures and chemical contents which can be identified by their light absorption characteristics, and an optimized automatic mineral map generation procedure for imaging spectrometer data was developed. The procedure generates two types of mineral maps, a mineral distribution map showing spatial layout of various minerals and a mineral composition map showing the percentage composition of a selected mineral.

Lee, M.↗
NASA NTRS1993

A packet-based concept for spacecraft command planning

The current generation of spacecraft being developed and operated by the Applied Physics Laboratory provides users with access to a broad spectrum of scientific instruments on maneuverable platforms that can be oriented for observation of both moving and stationary targets of interest. The capability of these increasingly complex spacecraft to perform data collection operations is approaching one observation per orbit. To enable both rapid configuration and generation of complex spacecraft command sequences, as well as reusability of command sequences among data collection operations, a packet-based concept for spacecraft command planning has been developed. The configuration of the spacecraft for any operation is designed using 'packets' where a packet represents a set of commands that is reusable. The packets can be combined in varying levels of functionality, and in varying time relationships, to create an observation timeline. At the lowest packet level are primitives. Primitives relate the details of command generation for a particular spacecraft to a 'message template.' Thus the packet concept itself is reusable from one spacecraft to the next.

Barnes, Valerie B.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Simplified Vicarious Radiometric Calibration

A measurement-based radiance estimation approach for vicarious radiometric calibration of spaceborne multispectral remote sensing systems has been developed. This simplified process eliminates the use of radiative transfer codes and reduces the number of atmospheric assumptions required to perform sensor calibrations. Like prior approaches, the simplified method involves the collection of ground truth data coincident with the overpass of the remote sensing system being calibrated, but this approach differs from the prior techniques in both the nature of the data collected and the manner in which the data are processed. In traditional vicarious radiometric calibration, ground truth data are gathered using ground-viewing spectroradiometers and one or more sun photometer( s), among other instruments, located at a ground target area. The measured data from the ground-based instruments are used in radiative transfer models to estimate the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) target radiances at the time of satellite overpass. These TOA radiances are compared with the satellite sensor readings to radiometrically calibrate the sensor. Traditional vicarious radiometric calibration methods require that an atmospheric model be defined such that the ground-based observations of solar transmission and diffuse-to-global ratios are in close agreement with the radiative transfer code estimation of these parameters. This process is labor-intensive and complex, and can be prone to errors. The errors can be compounded because of approximations in the model and inaccurate assumptions about the radiative coupling between the atmosphere and the terrain. The errors can increase the uncertainty of the TOA radiance estimates used to perform the radiometric calibration. In comparison, the simplified approach does not use atmospheric radiative transfer models and involves fewer assumptions concerning the radiative transfer properties of the atmosphere. This new technique uses two neighboring uniform ground target areas having different reflectance values. The target areas can be natural or artificial and must be large enough to minimize adjacent-pixel contamination effects. The radiative coupling between the atmosphere and the terrain needs to be approximately the same for the two targets. This condition can be met for relatively uniform backgrounds when the distance between the targets is within a few hundred meters. For each target area, the radiance leaving the ground in the direction of the satellite is measured with a radiometrically calibrated spectroradiometer. Using the radiance measurements from the two targets, atmospheric adjacency and atmospheric scattering effects can be subtracted, thereby eliminating many assumptions about the atmosphere and the radiative interaction between the atmosphere and the terrain. In addition, the radiometrically calibrated spectroradiometer can be used with a known reflectance target to estimate atmospheric transmission and diffuse- to-global ratios without the need for ancillary sun photometers. Several comparisons between the simplified method and traditional techniques were found to agree within a few percent. Hence, the simplified method reduces the overall complexity of performing vicarious calibrations and can serve as a method for validating traditional radiative transfer models

Stanley, Thomas↗
NASA NTRS2004

Creating Simulated Microgravity Patient Models

The Medical Operational Support Team (MOST) has been tasked by the Space and Life Sciences Directorate (SLSD) at the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) to integrate medical simulation into 1) medical training for ground and flight crews and into 2) evaluations of medical procedures and equipment for the International Space Station (ISS). To do this, the MOST requires patient models that represent the physiological changes observed during spaceflight. Despite the presence of physiological data collected during spaceflight, there is no defined set of parameters that illustrate or mimic a 'space normal' patient. Methods: The MOST culled space-relevant medical literature and data from clinical studies performed in microgravity environments. The areas of focus for data collection were in the fields of cardiovascular, respiratory and renal physiology. Results: The MOST developed evidence-based patient models that mimic the physiology believed to be induced by human exposure to a microgravity environment. These models have been integrated into space-relevant scenarios using a human patient simulator and ISS medical resources. Discussion: Despite the lack of a set of physiological parameters representing 'space normal,' the MOST developed space-relevant patient models that mimic microgravity-induced changes in terrestrial physiology. These models are used in clinical scenarios that will medically train flight surgeons, biomedical flight controllers (biomedical engineers; BME) and, eventually, astronaut-crew medical officers (CMO).

Hurst, Victor↗
NASA NTRS2008

Relating a Spectral Index from MODIS and Tower-based Measurements to Ecosystem Light Use Efficiency for a Fluxnet-Canada Coniferous Forest

As part of the North American Carbon Program effort to quantify the terrestrial carbon budget of North America, we have been examining the possibility of retrieving ecosystem light use efficiency (LUE, the carbon sequestered per unit photosynthetically active radiation) directly from satellite observations. Our novel approach has been to compare LUE derived from tower fluxes with LUE estimated using spectral indices computed from MODIS satellite observations over forests in the Fluxnet-Canada Research Network, using the MODIS narrow ocean bands acquired over land. We matched carbon flux data collected around the time of the MODIS mid-day overpass for over one hundred relatively clear days in five years (2001-2006) from a mature Douglas fir forest in British Columbia. We also examined hyperspectral reflectance data collected diurnally from the tower in conjunction with the eddy correlation fluxes and meteorological measurements made throughout the 2006 growing season at this site. The tower-based flux data provided an opportunity to examine diurnal and seasonal LUE processes and their relationship to spectral indices at the scale of the forest stand. We evaluated LUE in conjunction with the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI), a normalized difference spectral index that uses 531 nm and a reference band to capture responses to high light induced stress afforded by the xanthophyll cycle. Canopy structure information, retrieved from airborne laser scanning radar (LiDAR) observations, was used to partition the forest canopy into sunlit and shaded fractions throughout the day, on numerous days during 2006. At each observation period throughout a day, the PRI was examined for the sunlit, shaded, and intermediate canopy segments defined by their instantaneous position relative to the solar principal plane (SPP). The sunlit sector was associated with the illumination "hotspot" (the reflectance backscatter maximum), the shaded sector with the "cold or dark spot" (the reflectance forward scatter minimum), while the intermediate, mixed sunlit/shade sector was located in the cross-plane to the SPP. The PRI indices clearly captured the differences in leaf groups, with sunlit foliage exhibiting the lowest values on sunny days throughout the 2006 season. When tower-based canopy-level LUE was recalculated to estimate foliage-based values (LUE(sub foilage) for the three foliage groups under their incident light environments, a strong linear relationship for PRI:LUE(sub foilage) was demonstrated (0.6 less than or equal to r(sup 2) less than or equal to 0.8, n=822, P<0.0001). The MODIS data represent relatively large areas when acquired at nadir (approx.1 sq km) or at variable off-nadir view angles (greater than or equal to 1 sq km) looking forward or aft. Nevertheless, a similar relationship between MODIS PRI and tower-based LUE was obtained from satellite observations (r(sup 2) = 0.76, n=105, P= 0.026) when the azimuth offsets from the SPP for off-nadir observations were considered. At this relatively high latitude of 50 degrees, the MODIS directional observations were offset from the SPP by approximately 50 degrees, but still represented backscatter or forward scatter sectors of the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). The backscatter observations sampled the sunlit forest and provided lower PRI values, in general, than the forward scatter observations from the shaded forest. Since the hotspot and darkspot were not typically directly observed, the dynamic range for MODIS PRI was less than that observed in the SPP at the canopy level; therefore, MODIS PRI values were more similar to those observed in sifu in the BRDF cross-plane. While not ideal in terms of spatial resolution or optimal viewing configuration, the MODIS observations nevertheless provide a means to monitor forest under stress using narrow spectral band indices and off-nadir observations. This research has stimulated several spin-off studies for remote sensinf LUE, and demonstrates the importance of the connection between ecosystem structure and physiological function.

Middleton, Elizabeth M.↗
NASA NTRS2019

UH-60A Airloads Flight Test Program: Data Counter 8513

The data collection portion of the UH-60A Airloads Flight Test Program was conducted between July 1993 and February 1994. At the time, the UH-60A Airloads Program was the most comprehensive and data-rich rotorcraft flight test program that NASA and the U.S. Army had ever attempted. It was part of the Modern Technology Rotors Program, where several different rotors were tested in small- and full-scale wind tunnels combined with flight testing. The UH-60A portion of this program allowed for comparison between other tests performed and served as a scientific quality database for validating current and new computational and simulation models. The UH-60A flight test data was stored in a comprehensive, easily accessed database known as the Tilt Rotor Engineering Database System, or TRENDS. With over 30 years of rotor testing experience, NASA and the Army’s goal of the Airloads Flight Test Program was to collect data for a wide range of operating conditions and provide an extensive amount of data to improve the understanding of rotors and validate and improve prediction codes. This report presents the entire archived data set from Counter 8513 (Run 85, point 13) from the UH-60A Airloads Flight Test Program. There were 1,078 total data set counters acquired and archived during 57 accumulated flight hours and 31 research flights. Over 900 counters were research flight data acquisition data points. Counter 8513 is a low-speed, level-flight test condition.

Kufeld, Robert M.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Characteristics of RF Lightning Emission at 2 Ghz and 250 Mhz

Radio frequency emissions in the S-band and VHF range from lightning discharges are recorded by a facility developed at MSFC as part of a feasibility study of a satellite-based lightning mapping system. The recording facility receives RF emissions in both vertical and horizontal polarization and stores the data on magnetic tape. Output from any one antenna may also be selected for high speed digitization and disk storage. Improvement in both hardware and software have enhanced significantly the accuracy of data characterization and the speed of data collection. Emission records at VHF have higher signal strength than the S-band as expected. The records of cloud-to-ground discharges obtained so far give a 7-33 V/M peak equivalent signal strength (1 KHz at 10 kilometer) in the S-band range. The CG discharge structure is recognizable in most of the data collected. Considerable RF activity is present throughout the VHF records. The S-band data shows signals associated with limited portions of discharge history. The records obtained are from lightning activities within a 10 mile range.

Jalali, F.↗
NASA NTRS1999

Unsupervised classification of Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) data using ART2-A

The Space Acceleration Measurement System (SAMS) has been developed by NASA to monitor the microgravity acceleration environment aboard the space shuttle. The amount of data collected by a SAMS unit during a shuttle mission is in the several gigabytes range. Adaptive Resonance Theory 2-A (ART2-A), an unsupervised neural network, has been used to cluster these data and to develop cause and effect relationships among disturbances and the acceleration environment. Using input patterns formed on the basis of power spectral densities (psd), data collected from two missions, STS-050 and STS-057, have been clustered.

STS-57 Shuttle Project↗