Sea level and tsunamis
Spacecraft and satellite observations by high resolution optical photography or radar imagery to obtain information about wave coupling mechanism for predicting height of tsunamis
SATELLITE-BORNE RADAR↗
SEARCH · Engineering Papers
Results for “Optical Imaging”
Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
Optical device enables small detector to see large field of view
Optical device images the sun on a mask that transmits it or prevents its transmission to a photodetector behind the mask depending on image position on the mask. The device uses a pinhole as the image former to provide a large field of view and diffraction-limited resolution.
Arndt, J. H.↗
Solar X-ray images obtained using grazing incidence optics.
Solar X-ray photographs, describing Aerobee rocket mounted telescope using grazing incidence optics
AEROBEE ROCKET↗
Use of a scanning slit in determination of a radial irradiance distribution.
Scanning slit across point or line spread function in determination of radial irradiance distribution
TRANSFER FUNCTION↗
New reflected-light microscope for viewing unstained brain and ganglion cells.
Reflected light microscope for viewing unstained brain and ganglion cells
MICROSCOPE↗
Design and fabrication of an experimental image forming light modulator
Image forming light modulator transforms electrical signal representation of two dimensional image into optical transparency. All major assemblies are easily demounted for convenience in adapting modulator to other operating modes with different modulation-media. High-speed vacuum pump is incorporated into modulator housing to help reach required operating pressure.
Shackelford, R. G.↗
The synthesis of complex spatial filters for coherent optical data processing
Recent research on filter synthesis is summarized, and the implications in optical computation, image processing, image restoration, and image detection are examined.
Lee, S. H.↗
Application of Fourier analysis to multispectral/spatial recognition
One approach for investigating spectral response from materials is to consider spatial features of the response. This might be accomplished by considering the Fourier spectrum of the spatial response. The Fourier Transform may be used in a one-dimensional to multidimensional analysis of more than one channel of data. The two-dimensional transform represents the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the image in optics and has certain invariant features. Physically the diffraction pattern contains spatial features which are possibly unique to a given configuration or classification type. Different sampling strategies may be used to either enhance geometrical differences or extract additional features.
Hornung, R. J.↗
Artificial sensory systems
Optical-tactile image conversion systems as reading aids for the blind, and teleoperator tactile displays for remotely controlled prosthetic braces are discussed.
Bliss, J. C.↗
An Atmospheric Cloud Physics Laboratory for the Space Laboratory
Results of research and engineering analyses to date show that it is feasible to develop and fly on the first Spacelab mission a multipurpose laboratory in which experiments can be performed on the microphysical processes in atmospheric clouds. The paper presents a series of tables on the Atmospheric Cloud Physics Laboratory, with attention given to experiment classes, the preliminary equipment list (particle generators, optical and imaging devices, particle detectors and characterizers, etc.), initial equipment (scientific equipment subsystems and flight support subsystems), and scientific functional requirements (the expansion chamber, the continuous flow diffusion chamber, the static diffusion chamber, the humidifier, and particle generators).
Smith, R.↗
Direct imaging of extra-solar planets with stationary occultations viewed by a space telescope
The use of a telescope in space to detect planets outside the solar system by means of imaging at optical wavelengths is discussed. If the 'black' limb of the moon is utilized as an occulting edge, a hypothetical Jupiter-Sun system could be detected at a distance as great as 10 pc, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 9 could be achieved in less than 20 min with a 2.4 m telescope in space. An orbit for the telescope is proposed; this orbit could achieve a stationary lunar occultation of any star for a period of nearly two hours.
Elliot, J. L.↗
High-resolution spectrometer
Proposed spectrometer combines optical and imaging devices and cryogenic cooling to measure infrared radiation in 1-to-15 micrometer wavelength range with spatial resolution of 1 arc-second and average spectral resolution of about 0.1 cm(-1). Compact, lightweight unit is suitable for laboratory or field use. Pollution monitoring is possible application.
Beer, R.↗
Combined synthetic aperture radar/Landsat imagery
This paper presents the results of investigations into merging synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) images using optical and digital merging techniques. The unique characteristics of airborne and orbital SAR and Landsat MSS imagery are discussed. The case for merging the imagery is presented and tradeoffs between optical and digital merging techniques explored. Examples of Landsat and airborne SAR imagery are used to illustrate optical and digital merging. Analysis of the merged digital imagery illustrates the improved interpretability resulting from combining the outputs from the two sensor systems.
Marque, R. E.↗
Atmospheric effects on radiometric imaging from satellites under low optical thickness conditions
The interference that the atmosphere poses to analyzing the imagery taken by satellite-borne instruments is discussed, assuming a cloud-free, planar, and horizontally uniform atmosphere. An approximate explicit formula is derived for the earth-atmosphere system nadir-beam reflectivity in terms of the atmospheric parameters, object pixel reflectivity and surrounding area reflectivity, for the limiting case of an optically thin atmosphere. The concepts of the forward-scattering and the backward-scattering optical thickness are introduced, and it is shown that the atmospheric effects in a spectral band depend in a specific fashion on these atmospheric parameters and on the surface spectral reflectivity. In addition, contrast transmittance through the atmosphere, which affects the possibilities of photointerpretation, is discussed.
Otterman, J.↗
A Recoverable Plasma Diagnostics Package (RPDP) for Spacelab
The RPDP is a fully instrumented, ejectable and recoverable unit with flight and ground support systems so that it can be utilized attached to the orbiter remote manipulator system, tethered from the orbiter, or as an orbiter subsatellite. Core instruments on the RPDP are flight proven hardware which provide diagnostics measurements of energetic particles, AC electromagnetic and electrostatic waves, vector magnetic field signatures of current systems, vector electric field signatures associated with plasma flow and particle acceleration, thermal plasma ion composition and density, thermal plasma electron density and temperature, and images of optical emissions regions in UV or visible wavelengths.
Shawhan, S. D.↗
Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) analysis, appendix C. APART: A first-order deterministic stray radiation analysis program
The APART code (Arizona's Analysis of Radiation Transfer) is a deterministic stray radiation analysis program capable of yielding quantitative descriptions of systems along with insight into the scattering mechanism present. It uses geometrical optics to image primarily rotationally symmetrical systems. The APART code provides a sectional power map of the internal surfaces of a system and identifies critical objects seen from the image. Vane structures are modeled by configuration factors. Once the geometrical configuration factor between the internal objects has been calculated and stored, nonstructural changes to the system can be analyzed without re-running the complete program.
Source record↗
Conceptual design study for an advanced cab and visual system, volume 1
A conceptual design study was conducted to define requirements for an advanced cab and visual system. The rotorcraft system integration simulator is for engineering studies in the area of mission associated vehicle handling qualities. Principally a technology survey and assessment of existing and proposed simulator visual display systems, image generation systems, modular cab designs, and simulator control station designs were performed and are discussed. State of the art survey data were used to synthesize a set of preliminary visual display system concepts of which five candidate display configurations were selected for further evaluation. Basic display concepts incorporated in these configurations included: real image projection, using either periscopes, fiber optic bundles, or scanned laser optics; and virtual imaging with helmet mounted displays. These display concepts were integrated in the study with a simulator cab concept employing a modular base for aircraft controls, crew seating, and instrumentation (or other) displays. A simple concept to induce vibration in the various modules was developed and is described. Results of evaluations and trade offs related to the candidate system concepts are given, along with a suggested weighting scheme for numerically comparing visual system performance characteristics.
Rue, R. J.↗
Data user's manual
The standard SIR-B data products will consist of both optical and digital output. The format of the unprocessed echo data, optically processed image data, and digital image data is described.
Source record↗