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At least 1,297 records · Page 72
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Identification of quantitative trait loci for sorghum leaf blight resistance

Sorghum leaf blight and northern corn leaf blight, both caused by Exserohilum turcicum {(Pass.) K. J. Leonard and Suggs [syn. Setosphaeria turcica (Luttr.) K. J. Leonard and Suggs.]}, are major diseases of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and maize (Zea mays L.), respectively. Examining the genetic architecture of resistance in sorghum will lead to a better understanding of the relationship between resistance in sorghum and maize, which can ultimately enhance management options in both crops. In 2018 and 2019, we evaluated two sorghum recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations for resistance to E. turcicum. The BTx623 × IS3620C and BTx623 × SC155 populations consisted of 235 and 81 RILs, respectively. Resistance in both populations was moderately to highly heritable. We identified a total of six quantitative trait loci (QTL) across the two populations. Three QTL with small- to moderate-effect sizes were identified in the BTx623 × IS3620C population. Three QTL, including a large-effect QTL on chromosome three that explained 24% of the variation, were identified in the BTx623 × SC155 population. We compared the identified QTL with the position of northern corn leaf blight candidate genes and found eight candidate resistance gene orthologs that colocalize with the sorghum leaf blight QTL. There were also several nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat encoding genes within the candidate intervals. Understanding host resistance in multiple species furthers our understanding of the Exserohilum turcicum patho-system.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2018

Cascade Production of Lactic Acid from Universal Types of Sugars Catalyzed by Lanthanum Triflate

Abstract Lignocellulosic biomass conversion into value‐added platform chemicals in the non‐toxic, water‐tolerant Lewis acid, and water solutions bears the hallmark of green chemistry. Lactic acid derived from biomass is an important chemical building block for biodegradable polymers such as polylactide. Herein, a universal method of converting lignocellulosic sugars into lactic acid using catalytic amount of water‐stable Lewis acid La(OTf) 3 is demonstrated. The lignocellulosic sugars studied in this work include 1) pyrolytic sugars from pyrolysis oil, and 2) sugars derived from ionic liquid (IL)‐pretreated biomass. Under moderate conditions (250 °C, 1 h), levoglucosan (major pyrolytic sugar), glucose, and xylose were converted into lactic acid with carbon‐based molar yields of 75, 74, and 61 %, respectively. Furthermore, roughly 49 mol % (based on levoglucosan) and 74 wt % (relative to pretreated biomass) of lactic acid were obtained from the conversion of pyrolytic sugars and sugar‐rich fraction after lignin removal from switchgrass, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first reported conversion of pyrolytic sugar into lactic acid by chemocatalysis and also lignocellulosic sugars are converted into lactic acid without hydrolysis. This approach could potentially be extended to other lignocellulosic sugars after simple removal of lignin from biomass pretreatment, rendering moderate to high yields of lactic acid.

Liu, Dajiang↗
DOE OSTI2017

Annual climate variation modifies nitrogen induced carbon accumulation of Pinus sylvestris forests

We report results from long-term simulated external nitrogen (N) input experiments in three northern Pinus sylvestris forests, two of moderately high and one of moderately low productivity, assessing effects on annual net primary production (NPP) of woody mass and its interannual variation in response to variability in weather conditions. A sigmoidal response of wood NPP to external N inputs was observed in the both higher and lower productivity stands, reaching a maximum of ~65% enhancement regardless of the native site productivity, saturating at an external N input of 4–5 g N·m -2 ·yr -1 . The rate of increase in wood NPP and the N response efficiency (REN, increase in wood NPP per external N input) were maximized at an external N input of ~3 g N·m -2 ·yr -1 , regardless of site productivity. The maximum REN was greater in the higher productivity than the lower productivity stand (~20 vs. ~14 g C/g N). The N-induced enhancement of wood NPP and its REN were, however, markedly contingent on climatic variables. In both of the higher and lower productivity stands, wood NPP increased with growing season precipitation (P), but only up to ~400 mm. The sensitivity of the response to P increased with increasing external N inputs. Increasing growing season temperature (T) somewhat increased the N-induced drought effect, whereas decreasing T reduced the drought effect. These responses of wood NPP infused a large temporal variation to REN, making the use of a fixed value unadvisable. Based on these results, we suggest that regional climate conditions and future climate scenarios should be considered when modeling carbon sequestration in response to N deposition in boreal P. sylvestris, and possibly other forests.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

Potassium-Based alpha-Manganese Dioxide Nanofiber BinderFree Self-Supporting Electrodes: A Design Strategy for High Energy Density Batteries

This work minimizes electrode passive components and moves toward bridging the gap between actual and theoretical battery gravimetric energy density. Binder-free self-supporting (BFSS) cathodes were prepared from redox-active, high aspect ratio, potassium α-MnO2 nanofibers (K-OMS-2), eliminating the binder and current collector. The electroactive and structural element, K-OMS-2, was prepared using a scalable, moderate temperature, aqueous synthesis. The BFFS electrode approach allows fabrication of thick, high energy density electrodes with low impedance, with up to 10 fold improvement in delivered specific energy relative to conventional cathodes. This could enable high capacity large form factor cell designs, as required for applications demanding high energy content. In principle, this approach suggests a widely applicable paradigm for the construction of other BFFS electrodes through the targeted synthesis of other transition metal oxides with high aspect, fibrous morphologies. Introduction

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Marine partially protected areas: drivers of ecological effectiveness

The number of marine protected areas ( MPA s) has grown exponentially worldwide over the past decade in order to meet international targets. Most of these protected areas allow extraction of resources and are therefore designated as “partially protected areas” ( PPA s). However, the effectiveness of PPA s remains unclear due to the high variability of use types permitted. Here, we carried out what we believe to be the first global meta‐analysis of PPA s using a regulation‐based classification system for MPA s to assess their ecological effectiveness. This novel classification allows for unambiguous differentiation between areas according to allowed use, which is the key feature determining PPA performance. Highly and moderately regulated areas exhibited higher biomass and abundance of commercial fish species, whereas fish abundance and biomass in weakly regulated areas differed little from unprotected areas. Notably, the effectiveness of moderately regulated areas can be enhanced by the presence of an adjacent fully protected area. We concluded that limited and well‐regulated uses in PPA s and the presence of an adjacent fully protected area confer ecological benefits, from which socioeconomic advantages are derived.

Zupan, Mirta↗
DOE OSTI2018

Weight change since age 20 and incident risk of obesity‐related cancer in Japan: a pooled analysis of the Miyagi Cohort Study and the Ohsaki Cohort Study

It is unclear whether weight change during adulthood affects the risk of obesity‐related cancers such as those of the esophagus, colorectum, pancreas, breast, endometrium, and kidney among Japanese, where obesity is less frequent and less severe. We examined the association between weight change during adulthood and the risk of obesity‐related cancer among Japanese by conducting a pooled analysis of two prospective studies of residents in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. A total of 78,743 persons (40,422 women and 38,321 men) aged 40–79 years participated in the Miyagi Cohort Study in 1990 and in the Ohsaki Cohort Study in 1994. Weight change since age 20 was divided into four categories (weight loss; stable weight; moderate weight gain; high weight gain). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to estimate the multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for obesity‐related cancer incidence. During 1,057,899 person‐years of follow up, 4,467 cases of obesity‐related cancer (women; 1,916 cases, men; 2,551cases) were identified. In women, compared to the stable weight, weight gain was associated with an increased risk of obesity‐related cancer (moderate weight gain; HRs = 1.10, 95%CIs: 0.97–1.26, high weight gain; HRs = 1.29, 95%CIs: 1.14–1.47). The results indicate that weight gain since age 20 was associated with a significantly increased risk of obesity‐related cancer among Japanese women. By contrast, in men, our study found that weight change is not associated with the incidence of obesity‐related cancer.

Wakamatsu, Mano↗
DOE OSTI2018

The role of oxygen doping on elemental intermixing at the PVD-CdS/Cu (InGa)Se 2 heterojunction

Elemental intermixing at the CdS/CuIn 1-x Ga x Se 2 (CIGS) heterojunction in thin-film photovoltaic devices plays a crucial role in carrier separation and thus device efficiency. Here, using scanning transmission electron microcopy in combination with energy dispersive X-ray mapping, we find that by controlling the oxygen in the sputtering gas during physical vapor deposition (PVD) of the CdS, we can tailor the degree of elemental intermixing. More oxygen suppresses Cu migration from the CIGS into the CdS, while facilitating Zn doping in the CdS from the ZnO transparent contact. Very high oxygen levels induce nanocrystallinity in the CdS, while moderate or no oxygen content can promote complete CdS epitaxy on the CIGS grains. Regions of cubic Cu 2 S phase were observed in the Cu-rich CdCuS when no oxygen is included in the CdS deposition process. In the process-of-record sample (moderate O 2 ) that exhibits the highest solar conversion efficiency, we observe a ~26-nm-thick Cu-deficient CIGS surface counter-doped with the highest Cd concentration among all of the samples. Cd movement into the CIGS was found to be less than 10 nm deep for samples with either high or zero O 2 . Lastly, the results are consistent with the expectation that Cd doping of the CIGS surface and lack of Zn diffusion into the buffer both enhance device performance.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Diurnal cycle of precipitation over the tropics and central United States: intercomparison of general circulation models

Diurnal precipitation is a fundamental mode of variability that climate models have difficulty in accurately simulating. Here, in this work, the diurnal cycle of precipitation (DCP) in participating climate models from the Global Energy and Water Exchanges' DCP project is evaluated over the tropics and central United States. Common model biases such as excessive precipitation over the tropics, too frequent light-to-moderate rain, and the failure to capture propagating convection in the central United States still exist. Over the central United States, the issues of too weak rainfall intensity in climate runs is well improved in their hindcast runs with initial conditions from numerical weather prediction analyses. But the improvement is minimal over the central Amazon. Incorporating the role of the large-scale environment in convective triggering processes helps resolve the phase-locking issue in many models where precipitation often incorrectly peaks near noon due to maximum insolation over land. Allowing air parcels to be lifted above the boundary layer improves the simulation of nocturnal precipitation which is often associated with the propagation of mesoscale systems. Including convective memory in cumulus parameterizations acts to suppress light-to-moderate rain and promote intense rainfall; however, it also weakens the diurnal variability. Simply increasing model resolution (with cumulus parameterizations still used) cannot fully resolve the biases of low-resolution climate models in DCP. The hierarchy modeling framework from this study is useful for identifying the missing physics in models and testing new development of model convective processes over different convective regimes.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Earth-catalyzed detection of magnetic inelastic dark matter with photons in large underground detectors

Inelastic dark matter with moderate splittings, $\mathcal{O}$ (few to 150) keV, can upscatter to an excited state in the Earth, with the excited state subsequently decaying, leaving a distinctive monoenergetic photon signal in large underground detectors. The photon signal can exhibit sidereal-daily modulation, providing excellent separation from backgrounds. Using a detailed numerical simulation, we examine this process as a search strategy for magnetic inelastic dark matter with the dark matter mass near the weak scale, where the upscatter to the excited state and decay proceed through the same magnetic dipole transition operator. At lower inelastic splittings, the scattering is dominated by moderate mass elements in the Earth with high spin, especially 27 Al, while at larger splittings, 56 Fe becomes the dominant target. We show that the proposed large volume gaseous detector CYGNUS will have excellent sensitivity to this signal. Xenon detectors also provide excellent sensitivity through the inelastic nuclear recoil signal, and if a future signal is seen, we show that the synergy among both types of detection can provide strong evidence for magnetic inelastic dark matter. In the course we have calculated nuclear response functions for elements relevant for scattering in the Earth, which are publicly available on GitHub.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Novel anti-cancer agents: design, synthesis, biological activity, molecular docking, and MD simulations of 2, 3, 4, 5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole derivatives

In the previous research, our group designed and synthesized 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido-[4,3-b] indoles, which showed high anti-tumor activity. In this study, a series of novel 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido-[4,3-b] indole derivatives were designed by introducing an alkyl or aralkyl and a sulfonyl group, which are considered as the pharmacophores of some antitumor drugs based on the combination principles, and synthesized. The antiproliferative activity of all the target compounds were evaluated against Hela, A549, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines using the MTT assay in vitro. The results were represented by IC{sub 50} values. All compounds showed moderate to excellent antiproliferative activity with IC{sub 50} values between 0 μM and 100 μM against cancer cells. The proliferations of Hela, A549, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, and the cytolytic activity was markedly inhibited at the same time. The IC{sub 50} values of intermediate 3 inhibited against Hela, A549, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines were 52.75, 50.30, 60.31, and 54.39 μM, respectively, which were higher than the new compounds that we expected. The compounds 4a–4d bearing sulfonyl, substituted by electron donating group, showed moderate to significant antiproliferative activity, in which compound 4c was the best with the IC{sub 50} values of 13.71, 9.42, 15.06, and 14.77 μM, and these results suggested that the introduction of sulfonyl could increase the antiproliferative activity of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido-[4,3-b]indole. Compounds 4e–4g bearing alkyl, phenyl, and arylated alkyl produced good antiproliferative activity and the IC{sub 50} value of 4g was lower than 30 μM. The target compounds were more potent against A549 compared to the other three cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed the binding orientations of all the synthesized compounds in the active site of c-Met. Moreover, molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to evaluate the binding stabilities between the synthesized compounds and their receptors.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

Synthesis of oleanolic acid/ursolic acid/glycyrrhetinic acid-hydrogen sulfide donor hybrids and their antitumor activity

A total of 25 targeted hydrogen sulfide donor–pentacyclic triterpene hybrids were designed, synthesized and evaluated on the basis of inspiring reports about hydrogen sulfide donor molecules and oleanolic acid derivatives on anti-tumor activity. The results revealed that only some hybrids (10a, 10b, 12a, 12b, 13a, and 15b) showed moderate anti-proliferation activity against K562 cell line. It indicated that oleanane-type, (R)-lipoic acid and TBZ groups were much more favorable to the anti-proliferation activity. Furthermore, C-3 OH was more beneficial than C-28/29 COOH in the oleanane-type to the antitumor activity of the batch of (R)-lipoic acid derivatives. And among them, only compound 13a exhibited moderate anti-proliferation activity against both K562 and K562/ADR cell lines, while it exhibited no anti-proliferation activity against BEL-7402 and L-O2 cell lines. Therefore, it suggested that it was not suitable for hybridization of hydrogen sulfide donors attached to oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid in the field of anti-tumor.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

Diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance to assess treatment response after neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer

Purpose: Our study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of rectal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for local restaging in patients with non-metastatic locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using surgical histopathology of total mesorectal excision as the reference standard. Methods: Ninety-five patients with LARC who underwent rectal MRI after CRT between January 2014 and December 2016 were included. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive value for local staging regarding T-stage, N-stage, circumferential resection margin, and MRI tumor regression grade (ymriTRG) were calculated, and inter-test agreements were assessed. Results: 22/95 (23.2%) patients had radiological complete response (rCR), whereas 20/95 (21.1%) had pathological complete response (pCR). Among the patients with pCR, 11/20 (55%) had rCR. Fair agreement was demonstrated between ymriTRG and pathological TRG (ypTRG) (κ = 0.255). The sensitivity and specificity for detection of pCR were 61.1% (95% CI 35.7–82.7) and 89.6% (95% CI 80.6–95.4). For the detection of ypTRG grades 1 and 2, the corresponding values were 67.2% (95% CI 54.3–78.4) and 51.6 (95% CI 33.1–69.8). The accuracy of ymriTRG was 24.2% (95% CI 15.6–32.8). Inter-test agreement in TRG between MRI and pathology was overall fair (κ = 0.255) and slight (κ = 0.179), if TRG 1 + 2. Conclusion: Qualitative assessment on MRI for diagnosing pCR showed moderate sensitivity and high specificity, whereas the diagnosis of TRG had moderate sensitivity and low specificity with slight to fair inter-test agreement when compared with pathological specimens.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Diagnostic imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma at community hospitals and their tertiary referral center in the era of LI-RADS: a quality assessment study

Purpose: To assess guideline compliance and quality of hepatocellular carcinoma, (HCC) diagnostic imaging within community hospitals (CH) and their Tertiary referral center (TRC) in a moderately high incidence region. Methods: Initial diagnostic workup CT/MRI scans of 251 patients (122 CH, 112 TRC, 17 Non-TRC academic) with HCC over a 15-month period were assessed for Liver reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) guideline compliance. 269 scans (182 CT, 87 MRI) were qualitatively evaluated by 2 independent blinded radiologists for arterial timing, overall image quality, noise and sharpness, with quantification of interobserver variability. The contrast enhancement ratio (CER) for the largest HCC on each scan was calculated using pre- and post-contrast images. Results: 103/104 (99%) of TRC and 44/78 (56%) of CH CTs adhered to LI–RADS imaging guidelines (P < 0.0001). Lack of delayed phase accounted for 32/34 (94%) of noncompliant CH CTs. Regarding MRI, 19/19 (100%) of TRC and 60/68 (88%) of CH scans were adherent (P = 0.12). For both modalities, overall image quality, noise and sharpness were rated significantly higher for TRC than CH. There was moderate interobserver agreement with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.73, 0.70 and 0.63, respectively. Arterial-phase timing was rated adequate for CT in 75/104 TRC (72%) and 10/68 (14%) CH scans (P < 0.0001) and for MRI in 8/19 (42%) TRC and 23/68 (33%) CH scans (P = 0.17). The CER was significantly higher for TRC versus CH (2.9 vs. 1.9, P < 0.001) and MRI (0.9 vs. 0.7, P = 0.03). Conclusions: Community hospital HCC diagnostic scans significantly lag in critical quality parameters of tumor enhancement, arterial phase timing, perceived image quality, and LI-RADS CT technique compliance compared to a TRC.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2011

Experimental Study of Poly-l-Lactic Acid Biodegradable Stents in Normal Canine Bile Ducts

Purpose: This study was designed to clarify the advantages of biodegradable stents in terms of mucosal reaction and biodegradation after placement. We designed a biodegradable stent and assessed stent degradation and changes in the normal bile ducts of dogs. Methods: The biodegradable stent is a balloon-expandable Z stent consisting of poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 15 mm. We assessed four groups of three beagle dogs each at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months of follow-up. After evaluating stent migration by radiography and stent and bile duct patency by cholangiography, the dogs were sacrificed to remove the bile duct together with the stent. The bile duct lumen was examined macroscopically and histologically, and the stent degradation was examined macroscopically and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Bile duct obstruction was absent and none of the stents migrated. Macroscopic evaluation showed moderate endothelial proliferation in the bile ducts at the implant sites at 3 and 6 months and a slight change at 9 months. Slight mononuclear cell infiltration was histologically identified at all time points and epithelial hyperplasia that was moderate at 3 months was reduced to slight at 6 and 9 months. Stent degradation was macroscopically evident in all animals at 9 months and was proven by SEM in two dogs at 6 months and in all of them at 9 months. Conclusions: Our results suggest that PLLA bioabsorbable stents seems to be useful for implantation in the biliary system with further investigation.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Initial Results of Image-Guided Percutaneous Ablation as Second-Line Treatment for Symptomatic Vascular Anomalies

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and early effectiveness of percutaneous image-guided ablation as second-line treatment for symptomatic soft-tissue vascular anomalies (VA).Materials and MethodsAn IRB-approved retrospective review was undertaken of all patients who underwent percutaneous image-guided ablation as second-line therapy for treatment of symptomatic soft-tissue VA during the period from 1/1/2008 to 5/20/2014. US/CT- or MRI-guided and monitored cryoablation or MRI-guided and monitored laser ablation was performed. Clinical follow-up began at one-month post-ablation.ResultsEight patients with nine torso or lower extremity VA were treated with US/CT (N = 4) or MRI-guided (N = 2) cryoablation or MRI-guided laser ablation (N = 5) for moderate to severe pain (N = 7) or diffuse bleeding secondary to hemangioma–thrombocytopenia syndrome (N = 1). The median maximal diameter was 9.0 cm (6.5–11.1 cm) and 2.5 cm (2.3–5.3 cm) for VA undergoing cryoablation and laser ablation, respectively. Seven VA were ablated in one session, one VA initially treated with MRI-guided cryoablation for severe pain was re-treated with MRI-guided laser ablation due to persistent moderate pain, and one VA was treated in a planned two-stage session due to large VA size. At an average follow-up of 19.8 months (range 2–62 months), 7 of 7 patients with painful VA reported symptomatic pain relief. There was no recurrence of bleeding at five-year post-ablation in the patient with hemangioma–thrombocytopenia syndrome. There were two minor complications and no major complications.ConclusionImage-guided percutaneous ablation is a feasible, safe, and effective second-line treatment option for symptomatic VA.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Low Cerebral Blood Volume Identifies Poor Outcome in Stent Retriever Thrombectomy

BackgroundMechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an efficient treatment of acute stroke caused by large-vessel occlusion. We evaluated the factors predicting poor clinical outcome (3-month modified Rankin Scale, mRS >2) although MT performed with modern stent retrievers.MethodsWe prospectively collected the clinical and imaging data of 105 consecutive anterior circulation stroke patients who underwent MT after multimodal CT imaging. Patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or middle cerebral artery up to the M2 segment were included. We recorded baseline clinical, procedural and imaging variables, technical outcome, 24-h imaging outcome and the clinical outcome. Differences between the groups were studied with appropriate statistical tests and binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsLow cerebral blood volume Alberta stroke program early CT score (CBV-ASPECTS) was associated with poor clinical outcome (median 7 vs. 9, p = 0.01). Lower collateral score (CS) significantly predicted poor outcome in regression modelling with CS = 0 increasing the odds of poor outcome 4.4-fold compared to CS = 3 (95% CI 1.27–15.5, p = 0.02). Lower CBV-ASPECTS significantly predicted poor clinical outcome among those with moderate or severe stroke (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.68–1, p = 0.05) or poor collateral circulation (CS 0–1, OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48–0.90, p = 0.009) but not among those with mild strokes or good collaterals.ConclusionsCBV-ASPECTS estimating infarct core is a significant predictor of poor clinical outcome among anterior circulation stroke patients treated with MT, especially in the setting of poor collateral circulation and/or moderate or severe stroke.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies

Abstract Purpose Diet may play an essential role in the aetiology of bladder cancer (BC). The B group complex vitamins involve diverse biological functions that could be influential in cancer prevention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between various components of the B group vitamin complex and BC risk. Methods Dietary data were pooled from four cohort studies. Food item intake was converted to daily intakes of B group vitamins and pooled multivariate hazard ratios (HRs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using Cox-regression models. Dose–response relationships were examined using a nonparametric test for trend. Results In total, 2915 BC cases and 530,012 non-cases were included in the analyses. The present study showed an increased BC risk for moderate intake of vitamin B1 (HR B1 : 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00–1.20). In men, moderate intake of the vitamins B1, B2, energy-related vitamins and high intake of vitamin B1 were associated with an increased BC risk (HR (95% CI): 1.13 (1.02–1.26), 1.14 (1.02–1.26), 1.13 (1.02–1.26; 1.13 (1.02–1.26), respectively). In women, high intake of all vitamins and vitamin combinations, except for the entire complex, showed an inverse association (HR (95% CI): 0.80 (0.67–0.97), 0.83 (0.70–1.00); 0.77 (0.63–0.93), 0.73 (0.61–0.88), 0.82 (0.68–0.99), 0.79 (0.66–0.95), 0.80 (0.66–0.96), 0.74 (0.62–0.89), 0.76 (0.63–0.92), respectively). Dose–response analyses showed an increased BC risk for higher intake of vitamin B1 and B12. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of future research on the food sources of B group vitamins in the context of the overall and sex-stratified diet.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗