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This is the Utah FORGE well 16A(78)-32 stimulation microseismic detection and location report from Silixa LLC. The stimulation was accomplished during April, 2022.
This Excel spreadsheet contains temperature survey results for Utah FORGE wells 58-32, 78-32, 56-32, 16A(78)-32 and 78B-32. It also contains charts and comparisons, along with a "Data Summary" which provides links to previous GDR submissions with temperature data for each well.
This archive contains data from the tracer test performed during the Utah FORGE well 16A(78)-32 stimulation. This includes: 1. the raw data file from Pason in the csv format; 2. a one-page Word document from Pason that explains the headers and units used in their data file; 3. an Excel spreadsheet with concentration data and relevant Pason flow data; 4. a Word document with jpg versions of concentration charts (Figs. 1-3) and a tracer mass recovery chart (Fig. 4).
Data from two Tensor Optical Fiber Strainmeters that were operational during Stages 1, 2, and 3 of the April, 2022 stimulation of well 16A(78)-32. Each csv file contains data from each stimulation stage (stage1, stage2, stage3) for both Phase 1a strainmeter installations (FS01, formerly FS-C, and FS02, formerly FS1-2) in human-readable comma-separated value text files. There are two header lines in each file describing the data contained in that column along with their units, respectively. Data have been decimated from 2 to 1 Hz to match the Pason data found in the linked GDR dataset below (16A78-32 Stimulation Pason Data). These files contain the time series spanning the same time interval as the Pason data as well as ambient data for 5 hours before the stimulation and 5 hours following shut in. The station locations were chosen based on their proximity to the borehole seismometers owned and operated by the University of Utah. See README.txt for more information.
This submission presents the weekly geochemistry data of the long-term flow test performed within EGS Collab Experiment 1 from early 2019 to early 2020. The fluids from each producing borehole/interval (PI, PB, PDT and PST) along with the injectate were sampled roughly weekly from April 2019 to January 2020 for geochemistry analysis. The geochemical measurement was part of a long-term microbial profiling project (see details in the PNAS paper linked below). Additional background and methodologies are available in the PNAS paper linked bellow.
This dataset includes files used to fit planar fractures through the preliminary earthquake catalogs of the three stages of the April 2022 well 16A(78)-32 stimulation which is linked bellow. These planar features have been used to update the FORGE reference Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) model. The files are provided to encourage other modelers to use additional workflows to find additional/alternative features. To this end, the dataset includes the cleaned earthquake catalog data translated to the FORGE reference model global reference frame, the well trajectory of 16A(78)-32 in those same coordinates, the fit 15 planar features in csv format, and a pdf file with slides illustrating the process used to fit the features. A recorded presentation of this material is available from the October 2022 FORGE Modeling and Simulation Forum which is also linked below.
This is a project description video by Dr. William W. Fleckenstein related to their "Development of Multi-Stage Fracturing System and Wellbore Tractor to Enable Zonal Isolation During Stimulation and EGS Operations in Horizontal Wellbores" R&D project at Utah FORGE which is linked bellow.
Simulation input and output files, post-processed figures and excel tables, and tecplot layout files for generating figures. These simulations were run with TOUGHREACT V4.12 by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 2021. This work was completed as part of the geologic thermal energy storage (GeoTES) research project reported in the final report for Phase I of this work, which is linked below.
Two broadband seismometers were installed on the 4100 level and recorded for the duration of EGS Collab Experiment #2. Inspired by published data from similar instruments installed in the Aspo Hard Rock Lab, these long-period instruments aimed to measure the tilting of the drift in response to the injection of fluid into the testbed. One instrument was installed underneath the wellheads in Site A (aka the "battery" alcove) and the other was installed along the east wall of the drift, south of Site B. Due to the feet of gravel (ballast) laid along the floor of the drift, we were unable to anchor the sensors directly to the rock. As a result, the coupling of the sensors to the experiment rock volume is likely poor. In addition, there are a number of noise sources that complicate the interpretation of the data. For example, sensor BBB is installed adjacent (within 3 ft) to the rail line that runs towards the Ross shaft. Trains (motors) run along this line almost daily and produce a large signal in these data. Careful extraction of periods of interest, as well as filtering for specific signals, is necessary. The sensors are Nanometrics Trillium Compact Posthole seismometers, sensitive down to 120 seconds period. They were installed as close to the drift wall and as deep as we could manually excavate (only about 1 ft or so). The holes were leveled with sand and the sensors were placed on a paver before backfilling with sand. The hole was then covered by a bucket filled with insulation to improve the sensor's isolation from daily temperature variations, which are minor but present due to drift ventilation from the surface. Data were recorded on Nanometrics Centaur digitizers at 100 Hz. The full response information is available in the StationXML file provided here, or by querying the sensors through the IRIS DMC (see links below). These instruments were provided free of charge through the IRIS PASSCAL instrument center. The network code is XP and the station codes are BBA and BBB. The waveform data can be queried through the IRIS FDSN server using any method the user likes. One convenient option is to use the Obspy python package: https://docs.obspy.org/packages/obspy.clients.fdsn.html
This data includes a document that describes the effort to collect and analyze water and gas samples from deep Utah FORGE wells 16A(78)-32, 58-32, 56-32 and 78B-32 along with additional pdf files showing ThermoChem's analyses attached as an appendix.
These are revised catalogs, related to the April, 2022 well 16A(78)-32 stimulation (phases 1,2, & 3), provided by Geo Energie Suisse (GES) that include additional events at the start of Stage 1 and some tidying up of some locations. These catalogs also include events for additional events that were auto-located to provide a larger dataset for statistical analyses, like b-value calculations. The actual auto-locations have been removed to prevent spurious location plots being created. Times are recorded in UTC (Coordinate Universal Time), and the coordinate reference system is UTM Zone 12N, NAD83.
Core-based in-situ stress estimation, Triaxial Ultrasonic Velocity (labTUV) data, and Deformation Rate Analysis (DRA) data for Utah FORGE well 16A(78)-32 using triaxial ultrasonic velocity and deformation rate analysis. Report documenting a multi-component approach to characterizing in-situ stress at the U.S. DOE FORGE EGS site: laboratory, modeling and field measurement. Core-based methods for in-situ stress estimation were applied using samples from 5 intervals within the Utah FORGE 16A(78)-32 well. At three of these locations, Triaxial Ultrasonic Velocity (labTUV) tests were performed, resulting in experimentally-determined relationships between wave velocities and stresses. Non-monotonic increase in the velocity-stress relationships are inferred provide evidence of stress history and are therefore used to estimate in-situ stress magnitudes. Additionally, Deformation Rate Analysis (DRA) tests were run on core plugs from various orientations at each of the 5 sampling locations. These, too, provide evidence of stress history based on stress-strain behavior. A novel Weight of Evidence (WoE) method was developed as a means of synthesizing in-situ stress evidence from these two types of tests. Results indicate the minimum horizontal stress gradient ranges from 0.58 psi/ft to 0.69 psi/ft, with 4 of the 5 values between 0.66 psi/ft and 0.69 psi/ft. The vertical stress gradient ranges from 1.05 psi/ft to 1.12 psi/ft, with 4 of the 5 zones given results between 1.09 psi/ft and 1.12 psi/ft. The maximum horizontal stress gradient ranges from 0.98 psi/ft to 1.34 psi/ft, with 4 of the 5 zones falling between 0.98 psi/ft and 1.24 psi/ft. The stress regime thus appears to be on the edge between normal faulting and strike-slip faulting, potentially flipping back and forth between the two regimes due to variability of rock properties, structures such as faults, and/or thermal anomalies.
Distributed fiber optic sensing was an important part of the monitoring system for EGS Collab Experiment #2. A single loop of custom fiber package was grouted into the four monitoring boreholes that bracketed the experiment volume. This fiber package contained two multi-mode fibers and four single-mode fibers. These fibers were connected to an array of fiber optic interrogator units, each targeting a different measurement. The distributed temperature system (DTS) consisted of a Silixa XT-DTS unit, connected to both ends of one of the two multi-mode fibers. This system measured absolute temperature along the entire length of fiber for the duration of the experiment at a sampling rate of approximately 10 minutes. This dataset includes both raw data in XML format from the XT-DTS, as well as a processed dataset with the sections of data pertaining only to the boreholes are extracted. We have also included a report that provides all of the relevant details necessary for users to process and interpret the data for themselves. Please read this accompanying report. If, after reading it, there are still outstanding questions, please do not hesitate to contact us. Happy processing.
This collection of datasets describes the change (difference) in hourly energy consumption of the U.S. residential and commercial building stock while replacing existing HVAC systems with ground source heat pumps for all the balancing areas in the US, for all buildings eligible for ground source heat pump replacement. Additional county-level data may be requested from the DOE Project Lead.
High-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) lost circulation material (LCM) rheology test results, LCM particle size distributions (PSD) analysis, and HPHT LCM fluid loss test results. Three academic papers / reports derived from this research are also presented.
This dataset includes U.S. low-temperature heating and cooling demand at the county level in major end-use sectors: residential, commercial, manufacturing, agricultural, and data centers. Census division-level end-use energy consumption, expenditure, and commissioned power database were dis-aggregated to the county level. The county-level database was incorporated with climate zone, numbers of housing units and farms, farm size, and coefficient of performance (COP) for heating and cooling demand analysis. This dataset also includes a paper containing a full explanation of the methodologies used and maps. Residential data were updated from the latest Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) dataset (2015) using 2020 census data. Commercial data were baselined off the latest Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) dataset (2012). Manufacturing data were baselined off the latest Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) dataset (2021).
This dataset includes an Excel file with the results of direct shear tests to investigate the mechanical and geophysical response of saturated joints. Tests were conducted on induced tension-fractured Sierra White granite joints in a custom water pressurized chamber. The preparation of granite joints is summarized in the PDF file. The PDF file also includes a description of the direct shear tests, experimental procedure, and results.
The EGS Collab experiment 2 was focused on testing shear stimulation techniques. Shear stimulation, in this case, means using hydraulic pressure to cause shear slip on preexisting fracture or fault planes such that the hydraulic conductivity of the fracture or fault increases. The concept is to create a percolating network of permeable fractures by enhancing the permeability of a primarily preexisting network of fractures. To test this concept the hydraulic pressures for experiment 2 were kept below the the estimated magnitude of the least compressive principal stress based on a set of stress measurements in nearby well TV4100. All tests for experiment 2 were performed by applying hydraulic pressure to well E2-TC. Subsequent stimulations in both E2-TC and E2-TU where the injection pressure was increased above the least compressive principal stress are considered part of experiment 3, which is documented separately. The data are organized in directories labeled by the depth range isolated between packers.