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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,279 records · Page 71
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Constraints on inflation with an extended neutrino sector

Constraints on inflationary models typically assume only the standard models of cosmology and particle physics. By extending the neutrino sector to include a new interaction with a light scalar mediator (mφ ~ MeV), it is possible to relax these constraints, in particular via opening up regions of the parameter space of the spectral index n s . These new interactions can be probed at IceCube via interactions of astrophysical neutrinos with the cosmic neutrino background for nearly all of the relevant parameter space.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Phantom of the Hartle–Hawking instanton: Connecting inflation with dark energy

If the Hartle–Hawking wave function is the correct boundary condition of our universe, the history of our universe will be well approximated by an instanton. Although this instanton should be classicalized at infinity, as long as we are observing a process of each history, we may detect a non-classicalized part of field combinations. When we apply it to a dark energy model, this non-classicalized part of fields can be well embedded to a quintessence and a phantom model, i.e., a quintom model. Because of the property of complexified instantons, the phantomness will be naturally free from a big rip singularity. This phantomness does not cause perturbative instabilities, as it is an effect emergent from the entire wave function. Lastly, our work may thus provide a theoretical basis for the quintom models, whose equation of state can cross the cosmological constant boundary phenomenologically.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Explaining low ℓ anomalies in the CMB power spectrum with resonant superstring excitations during inflation

We explore the possibility that both the suppression of the &#x2113;<!-- ℓ --> = 2 multipole moment of the power spectrum of cosmic microwave background temperature fluctuations and the possible dip for &#x2113;<!-- ℓ --> = 10 –30 can be explained as well as a possible new dip for &#x2113;<!-- ℓ --> &#x2248;<!-- ≈ --> 60 as the result of the resonant creation of sequential excitations of a fermionic (or bosonic) closed superstring that couples to the inflaton field. We consider a D = 26 closed bosonic string with one toroidal compact dimension as an illustration of how string excitations might imprint themselves on the CMB. We analyze the existence of successive momentum states, winding states or oscillations on the string as the source of the three possible dips in the power spectrum. Although the evidence of these dips are of marginal statistical significance, this might constitute the first observational evidence of successive superstring excitations in Nature.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Less-Than-Lethal Quick Deploy Inflatable Hall/Door Barrier: VISTA Feasibility Study

Physical protection of public buildings has long been a concern of police and security services where a balance of facility security and personnel safety is vital. Due to the nature of public spaces, the use of permanently installed and deploy-on-demand physical barrier systems must be safe for the legitimate occupants and visitors of that space. Such systems must seek to mitigate the personal and organizational consequences of unintentionally seriously injuring or killing an innocent bystander by slamming a heavy, rigid, and quick-deploying barrier into place. Consideration and implementation of less-than-lethal technologies is necessary to reduce risk to visitors and building personnel. One potential barrier solution is a fast-acting, high-strength, composite airbag barrier system for doorways and hallways to quickly deploy a less-than-lethal barrier at entry points as well as isolate intruders who have already gained access. This system is envisioned to be stored within an architecturally attractive selectively frangible shell that could be permanently installed at a facility or installed in remote or temporary locations as dictated by risk. The system would be designed to be activated remotely (hardwired or wireless) from a Central Alarm Station (CAS) or other secure location.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2016

K2-29 b/WASP-152 b: AN ALIGNED AND INFLATED HOT JUPITER IN A YOUNG VISUAL BINARY

In the present paper we report the discovery of a new hot Jupiter, K2-29 b, first detected by the Super-WASP observatory and then by the K2 space mission during its campaign 4. The planet has a period of 3.25 days, a mass of 0.73 ± 0.04 M {sub ♃}, and a radius of 1.19 ± 0.02 R {sub ♃}. The host star is a relatively bright ( V = 12.5) G7 dwarf with a nearby K5V companion. Based on stellar rotation and the abundance of lithium, we find that the system might be as young as ∼450 Myr. The observation of the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect shows that the planet is aligned with respect to the stellar spin. Given the deep transit (20 mmag), the magnitude of the star and the presence of a nearby stellar companion, the planet is a good target for both space- and ground-based transmission spectroscopy, in particular in the near-infrared where both stars are relatively bright.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗