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At least 1,261 records · Page 70
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Optics reconstruction in the SCL section of the FNAL Linac

The Side-Coupled Linac (SCL) section of the FNAL linac accelerates the beam from 116 MeV to 401.5 MeV, operating at 22-24 mA beam current. Transverse focusing is performed by 32 quadrupoles, and the beam orbit is guided by 19 dipole correctors and measured by 29 BPMs. The bunch length is measured in a single location by a Bunch Shape Monitor (BSM). This paper presents a three-step reconstruction of the machine optics. First, the transverse and longitudinal Twiss parameters at the start of the SCL section are determined using quadrupole scans and BSM measurements at different settings of an upstream cavity. Second, the quadrupole calibrations are adjusted based on differential-trajectory measurements. Finally, the beam is propagated along the SCL linac using the code TraceWin. A comparison between TraceWin simulations and the beam envelope measured by the 12 wire scanners of the SCL linac was performed. Transverse and longitudinal beam parameters at the entrance and exit of the SCL section will be reported.

Carneiro, Jean-Paul [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2013

Neutron Capture Cross Section of 239 Pu

The Detector for Advanced Neutron Capture Experiments (DANCE) has been used to measure the 239 Pu(n,γ) cross section from 10 eV to the keV region. Three experimental run conditions were used to characterize the prompt fission γ-ray spectrum across the entire energy regime, measure the cross section in the resolved resonance region, and obtain necessary count rate well into the keV region. The preliminary cross sections are in good agreement with current evaluations from 10 eV to 80 keV.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Status of Cross-section Data Libraries for MCNP

The Data Team, part of the XCP-5 group at LANL, uses the NJOY code and other codes to prepare the cross-section data files used by the Monte Carlo codes MCNP5, MCNPX, and MCNP6. They perform extensive quality assurance checking of those data files. The cross-section data files are included with the releases of MCNP that are distributed by RSICC. MCNP5 is developed and supported by the Monte Carlo Codes group (XCP-3) at LANL. MCNPX is developed and supported by the NEN-5 group at LANL. MCNP6 is a merger of MCNP5 and MCNPX, with numerous additional features, and is jointly developed and supported by the XCP-3 and NEN-5 groups. MCNP5 and MCNPX are "frozen" codes, and all new development is being carried out only in the MCNP6 code. In the past, when new types of data or improved representations were developed, the Data Team would incorporate the changes into the cross-section data files, and the Monte Carlo groups would make corresponding changes to the MCNP codes to use the new data. At present, however, only MCNP6 is updated to handle new data representations; MCNP5/X are not.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

New Opportunity for Improved Nuclear Forensics, Radiochemical Diagnostics, and Nuclear Astrophysics: Need for a Total-Cross-Section Apparatus at the LANSCE

Total-cross-section measurements are feasible on a much wider range of radioactive samples than (n,γ) cross-section measurements, and information extracted from the former can be used to set tight constraints on the latter. There are many (n,γ) cross sections of great interest to radiochemical diagnostics, nuclear forensics, and nuclear astrophysics which are beyond the reach of current direct measurement, that could be obtained in this way. Our simulations indicate that measurements can be made at the Manuel Lujan Jr. Neutron Scattering Center at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center for samples as small as 10μg. There are at least 40 high-interest nuclides which should be measurable, including 88 Y, 167,168,170,171 Tm, 173,174 Lu, and 189,190,192 Ir.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Development of Cross Section Library and Application Programming Interface (API)

The goal of NEAMS neutronics is to develop a high-fidelity deterministic neutron transport code termed PROTEUS for use on all reactor types of interest, but focused primarily on sodium-cooled fast reactors. While PROTEUS-SN has demonstrated good accuracy for homogeneous fast reactor problems and partially heterogeneous fast reactor problems, the simulation results were not satisfactory when applied on fully heterogeneous thermal problems like the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR). This is mainly attributed to the quality of cross section data for heterogeneous geometries since the conventional cross section generation approach does not work accurately for such irregular and complex geometries. Therefore, one of the NEAMS neutronics tasks since FY12 has been the development of a procedure to generate appropriate cross sections for a heterogeneous geometry core.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2014

Measurement of neutrino induced charged current neutral pion production cross section at SciBooNE

SciBooNE is a neutrino scattering experiment located in the Booster Neutrino Beam at Fermilab. It collected data from June 2007 to August 2008 to accurately measure muon neutrino and anti-neutrino cross sections on carbon around 1 GeV neutrino energy. In this thesis we present the results on the measurement of the muon neutrino cross section resulting in a μ - plus a single π 0 final state (CC- π 0 channel). The present work will show the steps taken to achieve this result: from the reconstruction improvements to the background extraction. The flux-averaged CC - π 0 production cross section measurement obtained in this thesis < σCC- π 0 > Φ = (5.6 ± 1.9 fit ± 0.7 beam ± 0.5 int - 0.7 det ) × 10 -40 cm 2 /N at an average energy of 0.89 GeV is found to agree well both with the expectation from the Monte Ca

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Specification Section 01065S ES&H for Service Contracts

Section Includes: Requirements and guidelines in performance of work concerning protection of environment and property, and the safety and health of Contractors, Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and Department of Energy (DOE) employees, visitors to SNL, and members of the public. This Section is applicable only to Service Contracts that do not involve construction or construction-like activities. Construction and construction-like activities are covered by Section 01065, Environment, Safety and Health (ES&H) for Construction Contracts. The entire ES&H program shall focus on safe-by-design intent, understanding the technical basis for the work, identifying and controlling energy sources, unacceptable consequences, risk assessments, and positive verification.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2015

HARP targets pion production cross section and yield measurements. Implications for MiniBooNE neutrino flux

The prediction of the muon neutrino flux from a 71.0 cm long beryllium target for the MiniBooNE experiment is based on a measured pion production cross section which was taken from a short beryllium target (2.0 cm thick - 5% nuclear interaction length) in the Hadron Production (HARP) experiment at CERN. To verify the extrapolation to our longer target, HARP also measured the pion production from 20.0 cm and 40.0 cm beryllium targets. The measured production yields, d 2 N π± (p; θ )=dpd Ω, on targets of 50% and 100% nuclear interaction lengths in the kinematic rage of momentum from 0.75 GeV/c to 6.5 GeV/c and the range of angle from 30 mrad to 210 mrad are presented along with an update of the short target cross sections. The best fitted extended Sanford-Wang (SW) model parameterization for updated short beryllium target π + production cross section is presented. Yield measurements for all three targets are also compared with that from the Monte Carlo predictions in the MiniBooNE experiment for different SW parameterization. The comparisons of v μ flux predictions for updated SW model is presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

First Measurement of $\nu_{\mu}$ Induced Charged-Current $\pi^0$ Production Cross Sections on Polystyrene at $E_{\bar{\nu}_{\mu}}$ 2-10 GeV

Understanding of the $\pi^0$ production via anti-neutrino-nucleus charged current interaction in the neutrino energy region of 1-10 GeV is essential for neutrino oscillation experiments. In this thesis, we present a measurement of charged current $\pi^0$ production from anti-muon neutrinos scattering on a polystyrene scintillator (CH) target in the MINER$\nu$A experiment. A method for selecting and reconstructing $CC\pi^0$ events is presented. The $\pi^0$ and $\mu^+$ are fully reconstructed in the final state allowing for the measurement of the final state kinematics and the neutrino energy. We describe the two methods developed in this analysis for \p0 reconstruction in the MINERvA experiment: Hough Transform and Angle Scan. Interacting neutrinos have energy $\sim3.0 GeV$ and $\pi^0$ have energy $\sim0.3GeV$. The total $CC\pi^0$ cross-section is presented as a function of neutrino energy and $Q^2$. The total Exclusive $CC\pi^0$ cross-section is presented as a function of neutrino energy, $Q^2$ and the final state kinematics. Cross Section ratio between Exclusive $CC\pi^0$ and Inclusive $CC\pi^0$ for data and Monte Carlo are presented. Neutrino beam data corresponding to $1.019 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target have been analyzed. For inclusive $CC\pi^0$ sample we reconstructed 891 events, and for exclusive $CC\pi^0$ sample we reconstructed 514 events.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Strategy for alignment of electron beam trajectory in LEReC cooling section

We considered the steps required to align the electron beam trajectory through the LEReC cooling section. We devised a detailed procedure for the beam-based alignment of the cooling section solenoids. We showed that it is critical to have an individual control of each CS solenoid current. Finally, we modeled the alignment procedure and showed that with two BPM fitting the solenoid shift can be measured with 40 um accuracy and the solenoid inclination can be measured with 30 urad accuracy. These accuracies are well within the tolerances of the cooling section solenoid alignment.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Pion photoproduction cross section at large momentum transfer

The Real Compton Scattering experiment was performed in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. It was designed to measure, for Compton scattering and π 0 -photoproduction, the differential cross section over a range of kinematic points and the polarisation transfer to the proton at a single kinematic point. The full range of the experiment in Mandelstam variables t and s was 1.6-6.46 GeV 2 and 4.82-10.92 GeV 2 respectively with beam energies of 2-6 GeV. The motivation for the experiment is to test the cross section and polarisation transfer predictions of perturbative QCD versus that of predictions from Generalised Parton Distribution models. This thesis will give an overview of the pertinent theory, experimental setup in Hall A and the extracting of the π 0 -photoproduction cross section.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Measurement of the Elastic Ep Cross Section at Q2 = 0.66, 1.10, 1.51 and 1.65 Gev2

The nucleon form factors have been investigated by physicists for decades because of their fundamental importance. The world data of the proton magnetic form factor GMp has been focused on Q2 lower than 5 GeV2 and they have large uncertainties at higher Q2. Jefferson Lab experiment E12-07-108 aims to improve the accuracy of the e ? p elastic cross section to better than 2% over a Q2 range of 7 ? 14 GeV2. From 2015 to 2016, the e ? p elastic cross section was measured over a wide range of Q2 from 0.66 ? 12.56 GeV2 at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Virginia, USA. An unpolarized electron beam was scattered o? a cryogenic hydrogen target and the scattered electron was detected in the high resolution spectrometers. This thesis focuses on the cross section calculations of the data taken in the spring of 2015, where Q2 = 0.66, 1.10, 1.51 and 1.66 GeV2. At Q2 = 0.66 GeV2, an uncertainty < 3% was achieved and < 5% was achieved for the other three Q2 at the moment. The results were compared with the world data and the good agreement provides confidence for the experimental measurements at higher Q2.

Wang, Yang↗
DOE OSTI2017

The Differential Cross Section and Λ Recoil Polarization from γδ -> Κ0(ρ)

Presented is the analysis of the differential cross section and Λ recoil polarization from the reaction γδ -> Κ0(ρ). This work measured these observables over beam energies from 0.90 GeV to 3.0 GeV. These measurements are the first in this channel to cover such a wide range of energies. The data were taken using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Laboratory (JLAB) along with a tagged photon beam. This analysis was completed by identifying events of interest that decayed into the final state topology of π-π+,π-&rho'(ρ). Through conservation of energy and momentum, the Κ0, Λ and missing mass of the spectator proton were reconstructed. Utilizing the same analysis techniques, the observables were measured on two different experiments with good agreement. Photoproduction of strange mesons from the neutron are difficult to measure, consequently there are only a few measurements of this kind. Despite that, these reactions supply essential complementary data to those on the proton. The differential cross sections and the recoil polarization extracted, span the region where new nucleon resonances have been found from studies of the reaction γρ -> Κ+Λ. Comparisons between the Κ+Λ and Κ0Λ cross section demonstrate that possible interference terms near 1900 MeV are less pronounced in the latter. This unexpected result inspired a partial wave analyses (PWA) to be fitted to the data. The fit solution shows that this measurement fostered an improvement on the knowledge of observed resonance parameters, necessary to understanding these excited states. The study of nucleon resonances is a key motivating factor since the resonance masses can be calculated from the theory of the strong nuclear force, called quantum chromodynamics, or QCD.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Generation of the Cross Section Library for PROTEUS

The cross sections for a high-fidelity neutron transport code PROTEUS can be generated in multiple ways. Multigroup cross sections in the ISOTXS format can be generated using the external codes such as MC 2 -3 and Monte Carlo codes such as Serpent and OpenMC. For the Monte Carlo codes, their multigroup cross section outputs should be converted to the ISOTXS format using a post processor named GenISOTXS developed by ANL.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Updated Draft ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Case for Use of Alloy 617 for Construction of Nuclear Components for Section III Division 5

Early in the United States’ very high temperature reactor program, several candidate nickel alloys were considered for use in construction of the intermediate heat exchanger. Based primarily on technical maturity, a downselection was made to focus on Alloy 617. After this downselection, the primary goal of the research and development program was to develop sufficient information on the high temperature properties of the material to qualify it for construction of high temperature nuclear components in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel (BPV) Code. Alloy 617 is a solid solution strengthened material with nominal Ni Cr Co Mo composition, originally developed for aerospace applications such as burner can liners for turbine engines by Huntington Alloys. (Huntington Alloys is now Special Metals Division of Precision Castparts, Inc.) The ASME BPV Code allows use of Alloy 617 for construction of non nuclear pressure vessels, and Alloy 617 is used in fossil fired power plants. Section III, Division 1, Subsection NB of the ASME BPV Code was developed for construction of nuclear components in light water reactors and allows use of ferritic materials up to 700°F and austenitic alloys up to 800°F. Subsection NH of Section III Division 1 was written to allow higher temperature construction with a primary focus on sodium cooled reactors. Recently, a new Division 5 of Section III was published specifically for high temperature reactors (regardless of the primary working fluid) and incorporates both Subsections NB and NH. There are only five alloys currently allowed for use in high temperature nuclear components: 2.25Cr 1 Mo and V modified 9Cr 1Mo steels, Types 304 and 316 stainless steels, and the high nickel austenitic Alloy 800H. This very sparse set of allowed materials is in contrast with the collection of more than 150 materials that are allowed for use in non nuclear pressure vessel construction. A draft Code Case to add Alloy 617 to the list of qualified alloys for use in high temperature nuclear design was submitted to ASME in the early 1990s, but it was withdrawn prior to formal Code action.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Static Irradiated ALSEP Scrub Section

The INL is studying the impacts of gamma radiolysis on the ALSEP minor actinide extraction process. This process uses an organic solvent consisting of a neutral diglycolamide extractant, N,N,N’,N’ -tetra-2- ethylhexylglycolamide (T2EHDGA), and an acidic extractant 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2- ethylhexyl ester (HEH[EHP]) dissolved in an aliphatic diluent. The actinides and lanthanides are coextracted from relatively high nitric acid and the actinides are selectively stripped using a carboxylic acid buffered aminopolycarboxylic acid solution. Previous investigations of the radiolytic degradation processes on the ALSEP process performed at the INL focused upon the extraction section of the flowsheet. Current efforts are concerned with examining the scrub section of the ALSEP flowsheet. This report describes the static irradiations performed during the current fiscal year in support of the test loop irradiations which will be conducted later in FY-2017, and documents completion of the level four milestone (M4FT- 17IN030102012) entitled “Static Irradiated ALSEP Scrub Section.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2019

Lie groups of variable cross-section channel flow

This paper considers Lie groups of scaling transformations for the system of equations governing inviscid, compressible, quasi-one dimensional (quasi-1D) fluid flow in channels with variable cross-section. We determine the coupling between the admissibility of the group transformations and the equation of state (EOS) model used to close the system as well as the spatial and temporal dependence of the channel cross-section. The results presented extend prior group analysis performed in Ovsiannikov and Boyd et al. on the equations of gas dynamics for 1D flow. In the context of channel flow, the analysis in Ovsiannikov and Boyd et al. is only applicable for a very limited scope of channels, namely for channels possessing planar, cylindrical and spherical symmetry where the flow is truly 1D. To illustrate the extension achieved using the quasi-1D model, we consider the classical Noh problem set up in a channel with a variable area cross-section. First, a new set of canonical variables are derived using the admissible scaling transformations. Then, by re-expressing the governing equations of motion in terms of the new variables, a solvable system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is acquired. The resulting explicit solutions of the problem extend the previous results of Ramsey et al. to solutions of the Noh problem for quasi-1D flow.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2018

Automated Selection of Electron Neutrinos from the NuMI beam in the MicroBooNE Detector and Prospects for a Measurement of the Charged-Current Inclusive Cross Section

We present a fully automated selection of NuMI beam produced electron neutrinos interacting in the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber operating at Fermilab. This analysis makes use of the Pandora reconstruction framework and subsequently a selection method developed specifically to select $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ in data. The selection also utilizes one of liquid argon’s signature capabilities, distinguishing electron-like and photon-like electromagnetic showers using dE/dx in data, as well as scintillation light-based timing. The studies presented here demonstrate a closure test of calculating the inclusive cross using Monte Carlo, where the input Monte Carlo cross section matches the extracted Monte Carlo cross section. From this we forecast the prospects of a future $ν_e$ + $\barν_e$ cross section with MicroBooNE data.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗