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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,261 records · Page 70
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

Cost-efficiency enhancement of X- and Ku-band split waveguides for industrial accelerators

Compact microwave electron linear accelerators must operate at high frequencies in order to maintain tight SWaP (size, weight, and power) requirements, set by modern applications. Currently, the frequencies are practically limited to X- and Ku-bands because of the availability of MW-class magnetrons, required to achieve beam energies of several MeV, and tight fabrication tolerances. The latter is associated with micron-level accuracy and further waveguide frequency tuning process, both increasing its costs dramatically. By implying a novel split structure fabrication approach, it is possible to relax these tolerances to the values of 10–20 μm and eliminate the tuning step, greatly reducing their total costs. Finally, this paper presents the results of microwave measurements of split X- and Ku-band accelerating structures of different types and discusses the benefits of our fabrication approach.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Highly dense atomic Fe–Ni dual metal sites for efficient CO 2 to CO electrolyzers at industrial current densities

Carbon-supported, atomically dispersed, nitrogen-coordinated metal sites (e.g., Fe and Ni) are arguably the most promising catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to CO due to their unique catalytic properties and the use of earth-abundant elements. However, conventional single metal sites are constrained by their structural simplicity, causing either too weak or too strong absorption/desorption of multiple critical intermediates (e.g., *COOH and *CO). Current catalysts also suffer from ultra-low loadings (<1.0 wt%) of atomic metal active sites in catalysts, leading to inadequate performance for CO 2 -to-CO conversion. Here, we develop dual Ni/Fe metal site catalysts with significantly increased atomically dispersed metal loadings (up to 4.8 wt%). A gas-phase chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach to introducing single Ni sites was integrated with Fe 2 O 3 /ZIF-8 precursors, followed by an optimal thermal activation. The optimized CVD-Ni/Fe–N–C catalyst exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic performance for the CO 2 reduction to CO in a continuous membrane-electrode-assembly electrolyzer, achieving a maximum CO faradaic efficiency (FE CO ) of 96% at a current density of 700 mA cm −2 in a near-neutral electrolyte. Furthermore, a desirable but challenging acidic flow-cell electrolyzer was designed using this dual metal site catalyst to improve CO 2 utilization, accomplishing a FE CO of up to 95% at a CO partial current density close to 600 mA cm −2 . Density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a synergetic effect between Fe–Ni pairs facilitating *COOH intermediate formation and *CO desorption simultaneously during CO 2 to CO conversion. This is key to breaking the linear scaling relationship of conventional single-metal site catalysts during the CO 2 reduction reaction.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2023

Toward Common Weakness Enumerations in Industrial Control Systems

Here, the storyline of MITRE’s common weakness enumeration framework illustrates how the security and privacy technical community can collaborate/cooperate with policy makers to advance policy, giving it specifics and filling gaps of technical knowledge to improve security and resilience of critical infrastructure.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Design of a Novel Information System for Semi-Automated Management of Cybersecurity in Industrial Control Systems

There is an urgent need in many critical infrastructure sectors, including the energy sector, for attaining detailed insights into cybersecurity features and compliance with cybersecurity requirements related to their Operational Technology (OT) deployments. Frequent feature changes of OT devices interfere with this need, posing a great risk to customers. One effective way to address this challenge is via a semi-automated cyber-physical security assurance approach, which enables verification and validation of the OT device cybersecurity claims against actual capabilities, both pre- and post-deployment. To realize this approach, this paper presents new methodology and algorithms to automatically identify cybersecurity-related claims expressed in natural language form in ICS device documents. Here, we developed an identification process that employs natural language processing (NLP) techniques with the goal of semi-automated vetting of detected claims against their device implementation. We also present our novel NLP components for verifying feature claims against relevant cybersecurity requirements. The verification pipeline includes components such as automated vendor identification, device document curation, feature claim identification utilizing sentiment analysis for conflict resolution, and reporting of features that are claimed to be supported or indicated as unsupported. Our novel matching engine represents the first automated information system available in the cybersecurity domain that directly aids the generation of ICS compliance reports.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Midwest Industrial Assessment Center (Final Technical Report)

The Midwest IAC’s prime center was at the University of Missouri (MU) and the satellite center was at Wichita State University, Kansas. During the 5-year period we conducted at least 96 energy assessments, with recommended energy cost savings of $10.3 million of which $6.5 million was implemented savings. The implemented energy savings were 0.63 Terra BTU and CO2 emissions reduction was 400,000 tons. Thirty-five students completed requirements for a certificate of completion from DOE. IAC students received training in cybersecurity basics and application to manufacturing, fundamentals of energy efficiency, ISO50001, smart manufacturing.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2024

Securing Critical Materials for the U.S. Electric Vehicle Industry: A Landscape Assessment of Domestic and International Supply Chains for Five Key Battery Materials

This study explores the prospective supply of upstream critical materials, providing insights into the U.S.'s capacity to meet its Electric Vehicle (EV) and Energy Storage System (ESS) deployment targets for 2035. It evaluates the proportion of critical materials demand that can be met by domestic upstream sources and the amount that will require non-U.S. sources. The analysis considers geological resources and current international development activities, contributing to the understanding of mineral supply security as the global community strives for net-zero emissions by 2050. The study focuses on five materials assessed in the 2023 DOE Critical Materials Assessment – Lithium, Nickel, Cobalt, Graphite, and Manganese.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

An Extension Industrial Assessment Center in Eastern Great Lakes Region

The extension IAC at CWRU is funded for 3 years to conduct 10 assessments of small and medium-sized manufacturing facilities each year in Eastern Great Lakes region. Total 30 assessments was proposed in the SOPO but due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the IAC program was suspended for 1.5 years. A total of 20 assessments was contracted to the extension IAC at CWRU which have been successfully accomplished. In the proposal, we proposed to train 18 students in the extension IAC program, and actually we selected and trained 19 students even though the IAC project was suspended during half of its project period.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS2000

Thermal Analysis Data Exchange in the Space Industry

The engineering of spacecraft and other space-related equipment requires extensive computer-aided design, analysis and test work - this goes for all disciplines and cetainly also for thermal control engineering.

thermal analysis data exchange STEP Space Industry↗