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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2006

Using Dissimilarity Metrics to Identify Interesting Designs

A computer program helps to blend the power of automated-search software, which is able to generate large numbers of design solutions, with the insight of expert designers, who are able to identify preferred designs but do not have time to examine all the solutions. From among the many automated solutions to a given design problem, the program selects a smaller number of solutions that are worthy of scrutiny by the experts in the sense that they are sufficiently dissimilar from each other. The program makes the selection in an interactive process that involves a sequence of data-mining steps interspersed with visual displays of results of these steps to the experts. At crucial points between steps, the experts provide directives to guide the process. The program uses heuristic search techniques to identify nearly optimal design solutions and uses dissimilarity metrics defined by the experts to characterize the degree to which solutions are interestingly different. The search, data-mining, and visualization features of the program were derived from previously developed risk-management software used to support a risk-centric design methodology

Feather, Martin↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA GeneLab Multi-study Visualization Portal

NASA GeneLab has helped advance the field of Space Biology by providing a public repository where researchers can store, share, analyze and visualize the results of space flight related omics experiments. The GeneLab data visualization portal allows any user, regardless of bioinformatics knowledge or access to computational resources, to interact with the experimental data, draw their own conclusions, and gain insights about the effects of space on living systems. These tools help democratize scientific research and foster the NASA Open Science initiative. The new multi-study feature of the GeneLab visualization platform allows users to mine study metadata from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) experiments to identify samples of interest by filtering datasets based on organism, tissue, assay technology type, and/or factor. Once samples are selected from multiple datasets, users can combine and normalize the sample data, then utilize the visualization displays, including Principal Component Analysis (PCA) plots, to assess sample distributions. Finally, users can perform differential gene expression analysis on the combined data and visualize the results through PCA plots, Volcano plots, Pair plots, Heatmap, Ideogram and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. All user-generated results and visualizations will be available for download. Here, we present a biological study using samples from multiple GeneLab RNA-seq datasets and analyzed using the multi-study visualization platform to demonstrate inter- and intra-study variability, as well as commonly differentially expressed genes between spaceflight and ground control conditions across datasets. This new feature opens a wide range of possibilities and opportunities for further development including combining other assay technology types and integration with batch effect correction techniques and machine learning applications. Overall, this tool allows users to increase the statistical power of individual experiments, validate hypothesis, identify patterns, and opens the door to new and exciting research.

space biology↗
DOE OSTI2025

Sequence Diagrams & PFMEA Table - VGI [SWR-25-107]

As part of the VGI work under the National Charging Experience (ChargeX) Consortium, reliability analysis of communication interfaces for multiple SCM/VGI use-cases was performed using a Process Failure Modes and Analysis (PFMEA) style framework. This repository hosts all the relevant files for each of these use-cases which include: *A visual representation of their communication architecture: Image file (.png) *UML sequence diagram: Plant-UML source file (.puml). Visio file (.vsdx) and image file (.png) derived from the UML sourceX` *The PFMEA table: Excel file (.xlsx) These files are meant to serve as a starting point and can be adapted to company / organization specific SCM implementation.

Gadamsetty, Pranav [National Renewable Energy Labo↗
DOE OSTI2020

RNAcentral 2021: secondary structure integration, improved sequence search and new member databases

RNAcentral is a comprehensive database of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences that provides a single access point to 44 RNA resources and >18 million ncRNA sequences from a wide range of organisms and RNA types. RNAcentral now also includes secondary (2D) structure information for >13 million sequences, making RNAcentral the world’s largest RNA 2D structure database. The 2D diagrams are displayed using R2DT, a new 2D structure visualization method that uses consistent, reproducible and recognizable layouts for related RNAs. The sequence similarity search has been updated with a faster interface featuring facets for filtering search results by RNA type, organism, source database or any keyword. This sequence search tool is available as a reusable web component, and has been integrated into several RNAcentral member databases, including Rfam, miRBase and snoDB. To allow for a more fine-grained assignment of RNA types and subtypes, all RNAcentral sequences have been annotated with Sequence Ontology terms. The RNAcentral database continues to grow and provide a central data resource for the RNA community. RNAcentral is freely available at https://rnacentral.org.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

LevSeq: Rapid Generation of Sequence-Function Data for Directed Evolution and Machine Learning

Sequence-function data provides valuable information about the protein functional landscape but is rarely obtained during directed evolution campaigns. Here, we present Long-read every variant Sequencing (LevSeq), a pipeline that combines a dual barcoding strategy with nanopore sequencing to rapidly generate sequence-function data for entire protein-coding genes. LevSeq integrates into existing protein engineering workflows and comes with open-source software for data analysis and visualization. The pipeline facilitates data-driven protein engineering by consolidating sequence-function data to inform directed evolution and provide the requisite data for machine learning-guided protein engineering (MLPE). LevSeq enables quality control of mutagenesis libraries prior to screening, which reduces time and resource costs. Simulation studies demonstrate LevSeq’s ability to accurately detect variants under various experimental conditions. Lastly, we show LevSeq’s utility in engineering protoglobins for new-to-nature chemistry. Widespread adoption of LevSeq and sharing of the data will enhance our understanding of protein sequence-function landscapes and empower data-driven directed evolution.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS2011

Planetary Education and Outreach Using the NOAA Science on a Sphere

Science On a Sphere (SOS) is a large visualization system, developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAH), that uses computers running Redhat Linux and four video projectors to display animated data onto the outside of a sphere. Said another way, SOS is a stationary globe that can show dynamic, animated images in spherical form. Visualization of cylindrical data maps show planets, their atmosphere, oceans, and land, in very realistic form. The SOS system uses 4 video projectors to display images onto the sphere. Each projector is driven by a separate computer, and a fifth computer is used to control the operation of the display computers. Each computer is a relatively powerful PC with a high-end graphics card. The video projectors have native XGA resolution. The projectors are placed at the corners of a 30' x 30' square with a 68" carbon fiber sphere suspended in the center of the square. The equator of the sphere is typically located 86" off the floor. SOS uses common image formats such as JPEG, or TIFF in a very specific, but simple form; the images are plotted on an equatorial cylindrical equidistant projection, or as it is commonly known, a latitude/longitude grid, where the image is twice as wide as it is high (rectangular). 2048x] 024 is the minimum usable spatial resolution without some noticeable pixelation. Labels and text can be applied within the image, or using a timestamp-like feature within the SOS system software. There are two basic modes of operation for SOS: displaying a single image or an animated sequence of frames. The frame or frames can be setup to rotate or tilt, as in a planetary rotation. Sequences of images that animate through time produce a movie visualization, with or without an overlain soundtrack. After the images are processed, SOS will display the images in sequence and play them like a movie across the entire sphere surface. Movies can be of any arbitrary length, limited mainly by disk space and can be animated at frame rates up to 30 frames per second. Transitions, special effects, and other computer graphics techniques can be added to a sequence through the use of off-the-shelf software, like Final Cut Pro. However, one drawback is that the Sphere cannot be used in the same manner as a flat movie screen; images cannot be pushed to a "side", a highlighted area must be viewable to all sides of the room simultaneously, and some transitions do not work as well as others. We discuss these issues and workarounds in our poster.

Simon-Miller, A. A.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Stellar multiple systems - Constraints on the mechanism of origin

The discovery rate of premain-sequence binary and multiple systems has increased dramatically over the last few years, providing us with our first insights into the nature of such systems at young ages. The observational data derived from spectroscopic, occultation, speckle, visual, and other techniques are reviewed. Where possible, the premain-sequence binary population is compared with main-sequence systems. These results are interpreted in terms of binary formation mechanisms. While wide binaries (P is greater than 100 yr) are ordinarily explained by a fragmentation process during the collapse of a rotating protostar, the origin of some systems by capture is a possibility. The origin of close systems is not well understood: various processes, such as fragmentation during late stages of collapse, gravitational instabilities in disks, or orbital decay from a longer-period system are examined.

Bodenheimer, Peter↗
DOE OSTI2016

A Comparison of Lumpectomy Cavity Delineations Between Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Acquired With Patient in Prone Position for Radiation Therapy Planning of Breast Cancer

Purpose: To compare lumpectomy cavity (LC) and planning target volume (PTV) delineated with the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) and to examine the possibility of replacing CT with MRI for radiation therapy (RT) planning for breast cancer. Methods and Materials: MRI and CT data were acquired for 15 patients with early-stage breast cancer undergoing lumpectomy during RT simulation in prone positions, the same as their RT treatment positions. The LCs were delineated manually on both CT (LC-CT) and MRI acquired with 4 sequences: T1, T2, STIR, and DCE. Various PTVs were created by expanding a 15-mm margin from the corresponding LCs and from the union of the LCs for the 4 MRI sequences (PTV-MRI). Differences were measured in terms of cavity visualization score (CVS) and dice coefficient (DC). Results: The mean CVSs for T1, T2, STIR, DCE, and CT defined LCs were 3.47, 3.47, 3.87, 3.50. and 2.60, respectively, implying that the LC is mostly visible with a STIR sequence. The mean reductions of LCs from those for CT were 22%, 43%, 36%, and 17% for T1, T2, STIR, and DCE, respectively. In 14 of 15 cases, MRI (union of T1, T2, STIR, and DCE) defined LC included extra regions that would not be visible from CT. The DCs between CT and MRI (union of T1, T2, STIR, and DCE) defined volumes were 0.65 ± 0.20 for LCs and 0.85 ± 0.06 for PTVs. There was no obvious difference between the volumes of PTV-MRI and PTV-CT, and the average PTV-STIR/PTV-CT volume ratio was 0.83 ± 0.23. Conclusions: The use of MRI improves the visibility of LC in comparison with CT. The volumes of LC and PTV generated based on a MRI sequence are substantially smaller than those based on CT, and the PTV-MRI volumes, defined by the union of T1, T2, STIR, and DCE, were comparable with those of PTV-CT for most of the cases studied.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
NASA NTRS1969

Integrated sequence display device

Device integrates a planned test sequence with real-time changes indicated on a visual display which includes a record of both planned and unplanned events related to a time base. Motor driven paper chart can be advanced or reversed to display the time span of interest.

Rosine, D. R.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Circumstellar shells in the young cluster NGC 2264. II - Infrared and further optical observations.

Flux measurements at 1.6, 2.2, and 3.4 microns for 42 stars in the young cluster NGC 2264 suggest that a significant number of these stars are surrounded by circumstellar material which produces observable infrared excesses. Hydrogen line profiles are used to estimate surface gravities and thereby to predict visual luminosities for a number of pre-main-sequence A stars. Those stars which appear faintest as compared with their predicted luminosities all have infrared excesses.

Strom, S. E.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Atmospheric environment for space shuttle (STS-1) launch

Atmospheric conditions near space shuttle STS-1 launch time on April, 12, 1981, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida, are reported. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is presented. Also presented are the wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in the SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological data tapes for STS-1 vehicle ascent, and SRB descent have been constructed which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-2) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-2 launch time on November 12, 1981, or Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given in this report. Wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in the SRB descent/impact ocean area are also presented. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-2 vehicle ascent and SRB descent have been constructed. The STS-2 ascent meteorological data tape was constructed.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-3) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-3 launch time on March 22, 1982, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prlaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles and the wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in the SRB descent/impact ocean area are presented. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-3 vehicle ascent and SRB descent were constructed. The STS-3 ascent meteorological data tape is constructed.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-4) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near space shuttle STS-4 launch time on June 27, 1982, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given as well as the wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in the SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind descent were constructed. The STS-4 ascent meteorological data tape was constructed by Marshall Space Flight Center in response to shuttle task agreement No. 989-13-22-368 with Johnson Space Center.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-5) launch

This report presents a summary of selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-5 launch time on November 11, 1982, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given in this report. Also presented are the wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in he SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-5 vehicle ascent and SRB descent have been constructed. The STS-5 ascent meteorological data tape has been constructed by Marshall Space Flight Center in response to Shuttle task agreement No. 936-53-22-368 with Johnson Space Center.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-6) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-6 launch time on April 4, 1983, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given. Also presented are the wind and thermodynamic parameters measured at the surface and aloft in the SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-6 veicle ascent and SRB descent were constructed. The STS-6 ascent meteorological data tape was constructed by Marshall Space Flight Center in response to Shuttle task agreement No. 936-53-22-368 with Johnson Space Center.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Atmospheric environment for Space Shuttle (STS-7) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-7 launch time on June 18, 1983, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given in this report. Also presented are wind and thermodynamic parameters representative of surface and aloft conditions in the SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-7 vehicle ascent and Acoustic/SRB descent have been constructed. The STS-7 ascent meteorological data tape has been constructed by Marshall Space Flight Center in response to Shuttle task agreement No. 936-53-22-368 with Johnson Space Center.

Johnson, D. L.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Atmospheric environment for space shuttle (STS-8) launch

Selected atmospheric conditions observed near Space Shuttle STS-8 launch time on August 30, 1983, at Kennedy Space Center, Florida are summarized. Values of ambient pressure, temperature, moisture, ground winds, visual observations (cloud), and winds aloft are included. The sequence of prelaunch Jimsphere measured vertical wind profiles is given. Also presented are wind and thermodynamic parameters representative of surface and aloft conditions in the SRB descent/impact ocean area. Final meteorological tapes, which consist of wind and thermodynamic parameters versus altitude, for STS-8 vehicle ascent and SRB descent/impact were constructed. The STS-8 ascent meteorological data tape was constructed.

Johnson, D. L.↗