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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2019

Materials Data on CsP(OF)2 by Materials Project

CsP(OF)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to six equivalent O2- and two F1- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.18–3.40 Å. There are one shorter (3.36 Å) and one longer (3.54 Å) Cs–F bond lengths. P5+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to two equivalent O2- and two F1- atoms. Both P–O bond lengths are 1.48 Å. There is one shorter (1.60 Å) and one longer (1.61 Å) P–F bond length. O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three equivalent Cs1+ and one P5+ atom. There are two inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cs1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cs1+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CsP(HO)2 by Materials Project

CsP(HO)2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to one H1- and six equivalent O2- atoms. The Cs–H bond length is 3.35 Å. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.11–3.32 Å. P5+ is bonded in a distorted tetrahedral geometry to two H1- and two equivalent O2- atoms. Both P–H bond lengths are 1.43 Å. Both P–O bond lengths are 1.52 Å. There are two inequivalent H1- sites. In the first H1- site, H1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cs1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second H1- site, H1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to three equivalent Cs1+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2012

CSP Tower Air Brayton Combustor (Fact Sheet)

Southwest Research Institute is one of the 2012 SunShot CSP R&D awardees for their advanced power cycles. This fact sheet explains the motivation, description, and impact of the project.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Initial Investigation into the Potential of CSP Industrial Process Heat for the Southwest United States

After significant interest in the 1970s, but relatively few deployments, the use of solar technologies for thermal applications, including enhanced oil recovery (EOR), desalination, and industrial process heat (IPH), is again receiving global interest. In particular, the European Union (EU) has been a leader in the use, development, deployment, and tracking of Solar Industrial Process Heat (SIPH) plants. The objective of this study is to ascertain U.S. market potential of IPH for concentrating collector technologies that have been developed and promoted through the U.S. Department of Energy's Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Program. For this study, the solar-thermal collector technologies of interest are parabolic trough collectors (PTCs) and linear Fresnel (LF) systems.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Mechanical Failure Risk Management for In-Service CSP Nitrate Hot Tanks

The hot thermal energy storage tanks in many operating (Gen2) concentrating solar power plants are designed to contain molten nitrate solar salt at 565 Degrees Celsius and are constructed from 347H stainless steel (SS). From previous work, it is known that 347H SS weldments are potentially susceptible to stress-relaxation cracking (SRC), particularly in the heat-affected zone above 540 Degrees Celsius when no post-weld heat-treatment (PWHT) is performed. However, residual stresses can be reduced when weldments receive PWHT, while at the same time a crack-resistant microstructure is being generated. The overarching goal of this project was to optimize cost-effective, thickness-dependent, localized PWHT procedures and to investigate for feasible non-destructive evaluation (NDE) at commercial scale for hot tanks in Gen2 CSP using 347H SS.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Wind Loading on CSP Collectors

The project significantly enhanced the community's understanding of the fundamental physics drivers underlying the wind-loading experienced by concentrating solar power (CSP) collector structures (i.e., parabolic troughs and heliostats) as well as their support structures. This project had two overarching objectives: (1) detailed measurements to characterize the prevailing wind conditions and resulting operational loads on collector structures, and (2) development and validation of a computationally efficient, high-fidelity modeling tool capable of predicting wind-loading in deep-array installations. Over three years, we conducted comprehensive at-scale field measurements of the atmospheric turbulent wind conditions, and the resulting wind loads on parabolic troughs and heliostats. Two at-scale measurement campaigns yielded first-of-its-kind, high-resolution, long-term datasets that are used to characterize the complex flow field and wind loading on parabolic-troughs and heliostats in operational power plants. The high-resolution measurements collected during these campaigns were used to validate the high-fidelity computational models developed at NREL. These open-source computationally efficient models were shown to be accurate in predicting wind-driven loads on collectors without the need for a large supercomputer.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Utility-Scale Solar, 2023 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2023 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developments in 2022, this report explores trends in deployment, technology, capital and operating costs, capacity factors, the levelized cost of solar energy (LCOE), power purchase agreement (PPA) prices, wholesale market value, and interconnection queue data.

analysis↗
DOE OSTI2022

Utility-Scale Solar, 2022 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2022 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developments in 2021, this report explores trends in deployment, technology, capital and operating costs, capacity factors, the levelized cost of solar energy (LCOE), power purchase agreement (PPA) prices, wholesale market value, and interconnection queue data.

2022↗
DOE OSTI2024

Utility-Scale Solar, 2024 Edition: Analysis of Empirical Plant-level Data from U.S. Ground-mounted PV, PV+battery, and CSP Plants (exceeding 5 MWAC)

Berkeley Labs "Utility-Scale Solar", 2024 Edition presents analysis of empirical plant-level data from the U.S. fleet of ground-mounted photovoltaic (PV), PV+battery, and concentrating solar-thermal power (CSP) plants with capacities exceeding 5 MWAC. While focused on key developments in 2023, this report explores trends in deployment, technology, capital and operating costs, capacity factors, the levelized cost of solar energy (LCOE), power purchase agreement (PPA) prices, wholesale market value, net value, and interconnection queue data.

analysis↗
DOE OSTI2019

Atmospheric Transmittance Model Validation for CSP Tower Plants

In yield analysis and plant design of concentrated solar power (CSP) tower plants, increased uncertainties are caused by the mostly unknown solar attenuation between the concentrating heliostat field and the receiver on top of the tower. This attenuation is caused mainly by aerosol particles and water vapor. Various on-site measurement methods of atmospheric extinction in solar tower plants have been developed during recent years, but during resource assessment for distinct tower plant projects in-situ measurement data sets are typically not available. To overcome this lack of information, a transmittance model (TM) has been previously developed and enhanced by the authors to derive the atmospheric transmittance between a heliostat and receiver on the basis of common direct normal irradiance (DNI), temperature, relative humidity and barometric pressure measurements. Previously the model was only tested at one site. In this manuscript, the enhanced TM is validated for three sites (CIEMAT’s Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA), Spain, Missour, Morocco (MIS) and Zagora, Morocco (ZAG)). As the strongest assumption in the TM is the vertical aerosol particle profile, three different approaches to describe the vertical profile are tested in the TM. One approach assumes a homogeneous aerosol profile up to 1 kilometer above ground, the second approach is based on LIVAS profiles obtained from Lidar measurements and the third approach uses boundary layer height (BLH) data of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The derived broadband transmittance for a slant range of 1 km (T 1$km$ ) time series is compared with a reference data set of on-site absorption- and broadband corrected T 1$km$ derived from meteorological optical range (MOR) measurements for the temporal period between January 2015 and November 2017. The absolute mean bias error (MBE) for the TM’s T 1$km$ using the three different aerosol profiles lies below 5% except for ZAG and one profile assumption. The MBE is close to 0 for PSA and MIS assuming a homogeneous extinction coefficient up to 1 km above ground. The root mean square error (RMSE) is around 5–6% for PSA and ZAG and around 7–8% for MIS. The TM performs better during summer months, during which more data points have been evaluated. This validation proves the applicability of the transmittance model for resource assessment at various sites. It enables the identification of a clear site with high T 1$km$ with a high accuracy and provides an estimation of the T 1$km$ for hazy sites. Thus it facilitates the decision if on-site extinction measurements are necessary. The model can be used to improve the accuracy of yield analysis of tower plants and allows the site adapted design.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS2000

Thermal cycling test results of CSP and RF assemblies

A JPL-led chip scale package (CSP) Consortium of enterprises, composed of representing agencies and private companies, recently joined together to pool in-kind resources for developing the quality and reliability of chip scale packages (CSPs) for a variety of projects.

chip scale package CSP thermal cycle solder joint ↗
NASA NTRS1999

CSP Assembly Reliability

Reviews the many factors that affect interconnect reliability of emerging chip scale package (CSP) assemblies. These include: package type, package build, board design, and assembly variables.

chip scale package CSP solder joint reliability th↗