Engineering Papers⌕ Search

SEARCH · Engineering Papers

Results for “Supplementary Data”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Task 12 data dump (phase 2) OME integrated thrust chamber test report

The characteristics and performance of the orbit maneuvering engine for the space shuttle are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the regeneratively cooled thrust chamber of the engine. Tests were conducted to determine engine operating parameters during the start, shutdown, and restart. Characteristics of the integrated thrust chamber and the performance and thermal conditions for blowdown operation without supplementary boundary layer cooling were investigated. The results of the test program are presented.

Tobin, R. D.↗
NASA NTRS1974

High-temperature earth-storable propellant acoustic cavity technology

Design criteria, methods and data, were developed to permit effective design of acoustic cavities for use in regeneratively cooled OME-type engines. This information was developed experimentally from two series of motor firings with high-temperature fuel during which the engine stability was evaluated under various conditions and with various cavity configurations. Supplementary analyses and acoustic model testing were used to aid cavity design and interpretation of results. Results from this program clearly indicate that dynamic stability in regeneratively cooled OME-type engines can be ensured through the use of acoustic cavities. Moreover, multiple modes of instability were successfully suppressed with the cavity.

Oberg, C. L.↗
NASA NTRS1999

JSC Toxicology Web Site

Data on chemical and biological materials to be flown in the pressurized volumes of habitable spacecraft, including the International Space Station (ISS), are needed by JSC toxicologists to assess the toxicity and assign hazard levels. This document defines submission schedules and establishes requirements for the types and format of these data. JSC 27472 Rev A is a major revision of JSC 25607, "Requirements for Submission of Test Sample-Materials Data for Shuttle Payload Safety Evaluations", dated October 1994, which was subsequently re-issued (September 1996) with a new document number, JSC 27472, but with the same title and date and no revisions. The revisions in the present document have been necessitated by the recent introduction of a two-step process (described in this document) for verification of data for flight materials and by the anticipated needs of the ISS. The requirements -for data submission apply to items which contain liquids, gases, gels, greases, powders/ particulates, radioisotopes, or biological materials and are located in the habitable pressurized volume of ISS or U.S. operated spacecraft. These include, but are not limited to, science payloads, government furnished equipment (GFE), risk mitigation experiments (RmEs), development test objectives (DTOs), detailed supplementary objectives (DSOs), life science experiments, and medical studies.

Garcia, Hector D.↗
NASA NTRS1972

A turbojet simulator for Mach numbers up to 2.0.

A turbojet simulator has been designed and fabricated for use in wind tunnel models. The simulator contains a six-stage, axial-flow compressor powered by a three-stage, axial-flow turbine. High pressure heated air was used to drive the turbine. At design conditions, compressor axial flow, turbine exit flow, and a third supplementary flow all entered the exhaust nozzle at equal values of pressure and temperature. Overall aerodynamic design, instrumentation, and calibration procedure is presented. Performance of the device when used to simulate a J-85 turbojet engine at transonic speeds is reported. The installed nozzle performance obtained with the simulator is also discussed and compared with flight data.

Steffen, F. W.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Ten Years of Cloud Optical and Microphysical Retrievals from MODIS

The MODIS cloud optical properties algorithm (MOD06/MYD06 for Terra and Aqua MODIS, respectively) has undergone extensive improvements and enhancements since the launch of Terra. These changes have included: improvements in the cloud thermodynamic phase algorithm; substantial changes in the ice cloud light scattering look up tables (LUTs); a clear-sky restoral algorithm for flagging heavy aerosol and sunglint; greatly improved spectral surface albedo maps, including the spectral albedo of snow by ecosystem; inclusion of pixel-level uncertainty estimates for cloud optical thickness, effective radius, and water path derived for three error sources that includes the sensitivity of the retrievals to solar and viewing geometries. To improve overall retrieval quality, we have also implemented cloud edge removal and partly cloudy detection (using MOD35 cloud mask 250m tests), added a supplementary cloud optical thickness and effective radius algorithm over snow and sea ice surfaces and over the ocean, which enables comparison with the "standard" 2.1 11m effective radius retrieval, and added a multi-layer cloud detection algorithm. We will discuss the status of the MOD06 algorithm and show examples of pixellevel (Level-2) cloud retrievals for selected data granules, as well as gridded (Level-3) statistics, notably monthly means and histograms (lD and 2D, with the latter giving correlations between cloud optical thickness and effective radius, and other cloud product pairs).

Platnick, Steven↗
NASA NTRS1972

A turbojet simulator for Mach numbers up to 2.0

A turbojet simulator was designed and fabricated for use in wind tunnel models. The simulator contains a six-stage, axial-flow compressor powered by a three-stage, axial-flow turbine. High pressure heated air was used to drive the turbine. At design conditions, compressor axial flow, turbine exit flow, and a third supplementary flow all entered the exhaust nozzle at equal values of pressure and termperature. Overall aerodynamic design, compressor operating conditions, automatic controls, turbine aerodynamic design, instrumentation, and calibration procedure is presented. Performance of the device when used to simulate a J-85 turbojet engine at transonic speeds is reported. The installed nozzle performance obtained with the simulator is also discussed and compared with flight data.

Steffen, F. W.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Propagation of cosmic rays and new evidence for distributed acceleration

The origin and propagation of cosmic rays in terms of conventional and supplementary newer assumptions were explored. Cosmic rays are considered to be accelerated by supernoava shock waves and to traverse clouds in the source region. After rigidity-dependent escape from these clouds into interstellar space, cosmic rays are further accelerated by the weakened shocks of old supernova remnants and then pass through additional material. The distributed acceleration hypothesis is discussed with emphasis on recent data on the abundances of cosmic-ray isotopes of N above 1 GeV/u and of He near 6 GeV/u.

Silberberg, R.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Operational space human factors - Methodology for a DSO

The Human Factors Assessment of Orbiter Missions (Detailed Supplementary Objective 904) was conducted on STS-40 (Spacelab Life Sciences 1) in order to bring human factors into the operational world of manned space flight. This paper describes some of its methods. Included are explanations of general and space human factors, and a description of DSO 904 study objectives and results. The methods described include ways to collect background information for studies and also different in-flight data collection techniques. Several lessons for the space human factors engineer are reflected in this paper. First, method development is just as important as standards generation. Second, results of investigations should always have applicability to design. Third, cooperation with other NASA groups is essential. Finally, the human is the most important component of the space exploration system, and often the most difficult to study.

Callaghan, Thomas F.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Gene Expression Dynamics Inspector (GEDI): for integrative analysis of expression profiles

Genome-wide expression profiles contain global patterns that evade visual detection in current gene clustering analysis. Here, a Gene Expression Dynamics Inspector (GEDI) is described that uses self-organizing maps to translate high-dimensional expression profiles of time courses or sample classes into animated, coherent and robust mosaics images. GEDI facilitates identification of interesting patterns of molecular activity simultaneously across gene, time and sample space without prior assumption of any structure in the data, and then permits the user to retrieve genes of interest. Important changes in genome-wide activities may be quickly identified based on 'Gestalt' recognition and hence, GEDI may be especially useful for non-specialist end users, such as physicians. AVAILABILITY: GEDI v1.0 is written in Matlab, and binary Matlab.dll files which require Matlab to run can be downloaded for free by academic institutions at http://www.chip.org/~ge/gedihome.html Supplementary information: http://www.chip.org/~ge/gedihome.html.

Database Management Systems↗
NASA NTRS1974

An operational application of ERTS-1 imagery to the environmental inventory process

A discussion is presented of how The Engineer Agency for Resources Inventories utilized ERTS remotely sensed imagery as a/supplement to airphotos and collateral data for an environmental impact study of the Atchafalaya Basin for the New Orleans engineer district. This single overall inventory permitted a systematic approach and substantial economy for a number of engineering projects for which environmental impact statements would be required. The study area covered approximately 25,000 square miles and included all or part of 36 parishes in Louisiana and 8 counties in Mississippi. It was concluded that as a supplementary source, used in conjunction with airphotos, ERTS had proven itself as a significant means of economy. As a primary source, the Engineer Agency is not yet ready to accept ERTS for their own particular applications.

Oneal, J. D.↗
NASA NTRS2020

Enabling Space Exploration Medical System Development Using a Tool Ecosystem

The NASA Human Research Program’s (HRP) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element is utilizing a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach to enhance the development of systems engineering products that will be used to advance medical system designs for exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit. In support of future missions, the team is capturing content such as system behaviors, functional decompositions, architecture, system requirements and interfaces, and recommendations for clinical capabilities and resources in Systems Modeling Language (SysML) models. As these products mature, SysML models provide a way for ExMC to capture relationships among the various products, which includes supporting more integrated and multi-faceted views of future medical systems. In addition to using SysML models, HRP and ExMC are developing supplementary tools to support two key functions: 1) prioritizing current and future research activities for exploration missions in an objective manner; and 2) enabling risk-informed and evidence-based trade space analysis for future space vehicles, missions, and systems. This paper will discuss the long-term HRP and ExMC vision for the larger ecosystem of tools, which include dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) capabilities, additional SysML models, a database of system component options, and data visualizations. It also includes a review of an initial Pilot Project focused on enabling medical system trade studies utilizing data that is coordinated across tools for consistent outputs (e.g., mission risk metrics that are associated with medical system mass values and medical conditions addressed). This first Pilot Project demonstrated successful operating procedures and integration across tools. Finally, the paper will also cover a second Pilot Project that utilizes tool enhancements such as medical system optimization capabilities, post-processing, and visualization of generated data for subject matter expert review, and increased integration amongst the tools themselves.

Amador, Jennifer R.↗
NASA NTRS2020

Enabling Space Exploration Medical System Development Using a Tool Ecosystem

The NASA Human Research Program's (HRP) Exploration Medical Capability (ExMC) Element is utilizing a Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach to enhance the development of systems engineering products that will be used to advance medical system designs for exploration missions beyond Low Earth Orbit. In support of future missions, the team is capturing content such as system behaviors, functional decompositions, architecture, system requirements and interfaces, and recommendations for clinical capabilities and resources in Systems Modeling Language (SysML) models. As these products mature, SysML models provide a way for ExMC to capture relationships among the various products, which includes supporting more integrated and multi-faceted views of future medical systems. In addition to using SysML models, HRP and ExMC are developing supplementary tools to support two key functions: 1) prioritizing current and future research activities for exploration missions in an objective manner; and 2) enabling risk-informed and evidence-based trade space analysis for future space vehicles, missions, and systems. This paper will discuss the long-term HRP and ExMC vision for the larger ecosystem of tools, which include dynamic Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) capabilities, additional SysML models, a database of system component options, and data visualizations. It also includes a review of an initial Pilot Project focused on enabling medical system trade studies utilizing data that is coordinated across tools for consistent outputs (e.g., mission risk metrics that are associated with medical system mass values and medical conditions addressed). This first Pilot Project demonstrated successful operating procedures and integration across tools. Finally, the paper will also cover a second Pilot Project that utilizes tool enhancements such as medical system optimization capabilities, post-processing, and visualization of generated data for subject matter expert review, and increased integration amongst the tools themselves.

Amador, Jennifer R.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Generalized vegetation map of north Merrit Island based on a simplified multispectral analysis

A simplified system for classification of multispectral data was used for making a generalized map of ground features of North Merritt Island. Subclassification of vegetation within broad categories yielded promising results which led to a completely automatic method and to the production of satisfactory detailed maps. Changes in an area north of Happy Hammocks are evidently related to water relations of the soil and are not associated with the last winter freeze-damage which affected mainly the mangrove species, likely to reestablish themselves by natural processes. A supplementary investigation involving reflectance studies in the laboratory has shown that the reflectance by detached citrus leaves, of wavelengths lying between 400 microns and 700 microns, showed some variation over a period of seven days during which the leaves were kept in a laboratory atmosphere.

Poonai, P.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Application of ERTS-1 Data to Aid in Solving Water Resources Management Problems in the State of California

Investigations within the State of California have emphasized the direct utilization of the supplemental data source afforded by the Earth Resources Technology Satellite-1 (ERTS-1) imagery. A user-oriented study has been underway for several years to identify and develop application methodology for remotely sensed information available from several platform levels, including low and high flights by NASA's U2 aircraft, and other manned and unmanned devices. The University of California has pursued both basic and applied research in remote sensing, through ongoing studies supported by NASA, and in cooperation with state agencies responsible for water resources and related fields. This report reviews the applications of ERTS-1 and supplementary imagery sources applicable to water resources planning, operations, and management.

Burgy, R. H.↗
NASA NTRS2004

The Tropical Convective Spectrum: Archetypal Vertical Structures - 1

A taxonomy of tropical convective vertical structures is constructed through cluster analysis of three years of Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission [TRMM] Precipitation Radar [PR] vertical profiles, their surface rainfall and associated radar-based classifiers (convective/stratiform and bright band existence). archetypal profile types are identified. These include nine convective types, divided into warm, "just cold", midlevel, deep and deep/wet-growth categories, seven stratiform types, divided into warm, "just cold", midlevel and deep categories, three "mixed" types (deep profiles with low reflectivity aloft), and six fragment types (non-precipitating anvils and sheared deep convective profiles). The taxonomy allows for description of any storm or local Convective spectrum by the nine primary convective and stratiform types, a significant reduction over full three-dimensional radar data which nonetheless retains vertical structure information. The analysis provides a quasi-independent corroboration of the TRMM 2A23 convective/stratiform classification. The global frequency of occurrence and contribution to rainfall for the profile types is presented, demonstrating primary rainfall contribution by midlevel glaciated convection and similar depth decaying/stratiform stages. Close correspondence is found between deep convective profile frequency and annualized lightning production. Passive microwave and lightning properties associated with the profiles are reported, and cases presented illustrating known nonuniqueness problems with 85 and 37 GHz brightness temperature pairs (the same pairs corresponding to both convective and stratiform profiles), and how supplementary lightning information might be used to mitigate these problems.

Boccippio, Dennis J.↗
NASA NTRS2017

Occurrence of Radio Minihalos in a Mass-Limited Sample of Galaxy Clusters

We investigate the occurrence of radio minihalos-diffuse radio sources of unknown origin observed in the cores of some galaxy clusters-in a statistical sample of 58 clusters drawn from the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster catalog using a mass cut (M(sub 500) greater than 6 x 10(exp 14) solar mass). We supplement our statistical sample with a similarly sized nonstatistical sample mostly consisting of clusters in the ACCEPT X-ray catalog with suitable X-ray and radio data, which includes lower-mass clusters. Where necessary (for nine clusters), we reanalyzed the Very Large Array archival radio data to determine whether a minihalo is present. Our total sample includes all 28 currently known and recently discovered radio minihalos, including six candidates. We classify clusters as cool-core or non-cool-core according to the value of the specific entropy floor in the cluster center, rederived or newly derived from the Chandra X-ray density and temperature profiles where necessary (for 27 clusters). Contrary to the common wisdom that minihalos are rare, we find that almost all cool cores-at least 12 out of 15 (80%)-in our complete sample of massive clusters exhibit minihalos. The supplementary sample shows that the occurrence of minihalos may be lower in lower-mass cool-core clusters. No minihalos are found in non-cool cores or "warm cores." These findings will help test theories of the origin of minihalos and provide information on the physical processes and energetics of the cluster cores.

catalogs↗
NASA NTRS2001

Numerical Model of Flame Spread Over Solids in Microgravity: A Supplementary Tool for Designing a Space Experiment

The recently developed numerical model of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids has been used as a simulation tool to help the designs of a space experiment. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional, steady form of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations with chemical reactions are solved. With the coupled multi-dimensional solver of the radiative heat transfer, the model is capable of answering a number of questions regarding the experiment concept and the hardware designs. In this paper, the capabilities of the numerical model are demonstrated by providing the guidance for several experimental designing issues. The test matrix and operating conditions of the experiment are estimated through the modeling results. The three-dimensional calculations are made to simulate the flame-spreading experiment with realistic hardware configuration. The computed detailed flame structures provide the insight to the data collection. In addition, the heating load and the requirements of the product exhaust cleanup for the flow tunnel are estimated with the model. We anticipate that using this simulation tool will enable a more efficient and successful space experiment to be conducted.

Shih, Hsin-Yi↗
NASA NTRS1992

NASA procurement report, FY 1992

This report presents summary data on all NASA procurement actions and detailed information on contracts, grants, agreements, and other procurements over $25,000 awarded by NASA during the first six months of Fiscal Year 1992. The dollar value on procurements over $25,000 amounted to 98 percent of the total dollar value of procurement actions completed during the first six months of Fiscal Year 1992. However, these larger procurements accounted for only 29 percent of the total actions. Procurement action, as used in this report, means contractual actions to obtain supplies, services, or construction which increase or decrease funds. A procurement action thus may be a new procurement, or modifications such as supplementary agreements, change orders, or terminations to a contract that change the total amount of funds obligated.

Source record↗