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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2012

Observation of Associated Near-Side and Away-Side Long-Range Correlations in s N N =5.02 TeV Proton-Lead Collisions with the ATLAS Detector

CERN-LHC. Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle, Delta(phi), and pseudorapidity, Delta(eta), are measured in sqrt(sNN) = 5.02 TeV p+Pb collisions recorded in September 2012 using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1 mub^1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy summed over 3.1 < eta < 4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2 < |Delta(eta)| < 5) near-side (Delta(phi) ~ 0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing transverse energy. A long-range away-side (Delta(phi) ~ pi) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small transverse energy, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Delta(eta) and Delta(phi)) and transverse energy dependence. The resultant Delta(phi) correlation is approximately symmetric about pi/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos(2*Delta(phi)) modulation for all transverse energy ranges and particle pT.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2012

combinatorial optimization with demands (LDRD Final Report)

This report summarizes the research conducted and results obtained under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project, “Combinatorial Optimization with Demands ,” from October 2010 to September 2012. Complex resource allocation problems are ubiquitous in mission-driven applications. We investigated resource allocation problems endowed with additional parameters called demands, which allow for richer modeling. Demand endowed resource allocation problems are considerably harder to solve than their traditional counterparts, and we developed a conceptually simple but powerful new framework called iterative packing which allowed us to address the added complexity of demands. By leveraging iterative packing , we designed approximation algorithms to solve a large class of hard resource allocation problems with demands. Approximation algorithms are efficient heuristics which also offer a performance guarantee on the worst case deviation from the cost of an optimal solution. Our algorithms offer better performance guarantees over previously known algorithms; moreover, we are able to show that our algorithms provide performance guarantees that are likely close to best possible.

Parekh, Ojas↗
DOE OSTI2012

Computational Mechanics Research and Support for Aerodynamics and Hydraulics at TFHRC, Year 2 Quarter 4 Progress Report

The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational structural mechanics (CSM) focus areas at Argonne’s Transportation Research and Analysis Computing Center (TRACC) initiated a project to support and compliment the experimental programs at the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) with high performance computing based analysis capabilities in August 2010. The project was established with a new interagency agreement between the Department of Energy and the Department of Transportation to provide collaborative research, development, and benchmarking of advanced three-dimensional computational mechanics analysis methods to the aerodynamics and hydraulics laboratories at TFHRC for a period of five years, beginning in October 2010. The analysis methods employ well benchmarked and supported commercial computational mechanics software. Computational mechanics encompasses the areas of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Computational Wind Engineering (CWE), Computational Structural Mechanics (CSM), and Computational Multiphysics Mechanics (CMM) applied in Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) problems. The major areas of focus of the project are wind and water effects on bridges — superstructure, deck, cables, and substructure (including soil), primarily during storms and flood events — and the risks that these loads pose to structural failure. For flood events at bridges, another major focus of the work is assessment of the risk to bridges caused by scour of stream and riverbed material away from the foundations of a bridge. Other areas of current research include modeling of the salt spray transport into bridge girders to address suitability of using weathering steel in bridges, CFD analysis of the operation of the wind tunnel in the TFHRC wind engineering laboratory, and coupling of CFD and CSM software to solve fluid structure interaction problems, primarily analysis of bridge cables in wind. This quarterly report documents technical progress on the project tasks for the period of July through September 2012.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Annual Energy Outlook 2013 With Projections to 2040

The Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013), prepared by the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), presents long-term projections of energy supply, demand, and prices through 2040, based on results from EIA’s National Energy Modeling System. The report begins with an “Executive summary” that highlights key aspects of the projections. It is followed by a “Legislation and regulations” section that discusses evolving legislative and regulatory issues, including a summary of recently enacted legislation and regulations, such as: Updated handling of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for industrial boilers and process heaters; New light-duty vehicle (LDV) greenhouse gas (GHG) and corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards for model years 2017 to 2025; Reinstatement of the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) after the court’s announcement of intent to vacate the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAPR); and Modeling of California’s Assembly Bill 32, the Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32), which allows for representation of a cap-and-trade program developed as part of California’s GHG reduction goals for 2020. The “Issues in focus” section contains discussions of selected energy topics, including a discussion of the results in two cases that adopt different assumptions about the future course of existing policies, with one case assuming the elimination of sunset provisions in existing policies and the other case assuming the elimination of the sunset provisions and the extension of a selected group of existing public policies—CAFE standards, appliance standards, and production tax credits. Other discussions include: oil price and production trends in AEO2013; U.S. reliance on imported liquids under a range of cases; competition between coal and natural gas in electric power generation; high and low nuclear scenarios through 2040; and the impact of growth in natural gas liquids production. The “Market trends” section summarizes the projections for energy markets. The analysis in AEO2013 focuses primarily on a Reference case, Low and High Economic Growth cases, and Low and High Oil Price cases. Results from a number of other alternative cases also are presented, illustrating uncertainties associated with the Reference case projections for energy demand, supply, and prices. Complete tables for the five primary cases are provided in Appendixes A through C. Major results from many of the alternative cases are provided in Appendix D. Complete tables for all the alternative cases are available on EIA’s website in a table browser at http://www.eia.gov/oiaf/aeo/tablebrowser. AEO2013 projections are based generally on federal, state, and local laws and regulations in effect as of the end of September 2012. The potential impacts of pending or proposed legislation, regulations, and standards (and sections of existing legislation that require implementing regulations or funds that have not been appropriated) are not reflected in the projections. In certain situations, however, where it is clear that a law or regulation will take effect shortly after the Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) is completed, it may be considered in the projection.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2013

Light Water Reactor Sustainability Constellation Pilot Project FY13 Summary Report

Summary report for Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) activities related to the R. E. Ginna and Nine Mile Point Unit 1 for FY13. This report summarizes the activities in focus areas performed from October 1, 2012 through September 30, 2013. (FY13). Refer to INL/EXT-11-23461, Light Water Reactor Sustainability Constellation Pilot Project FY11 Summary Report for the period from October 1, 2010 through September 30, 2011. (FY11) and INL/EXT-12-27304, Light Water Reactor Sustainability Constellation Pilot Project FY12 Summary Report, for the period from October 1, 2011 through September 30, 2012 (FY12).

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Analysis of Harrell Monosodium Titanate Lot #46000824120

Monosodium titanate (MST) for use in the Actinide Removal Process (ARP) must be qualified and verified in advance. A single qualification sample for each batch of material is sent to SRNL for analysis, as well as a statistical sampling of verification samples. The original Harrell Industries Lot #46000824120 qualification and 16 verification samples received in September 2012 failed to meet the specification for weight percent solids. All of the pails sampled and tested contained less than 15 wt % MST solids. The lot was returned to the vendor, and in February 2014 a new qualification sample and set of 14 verification samples were received from this lot. The new lot met each of the selected specification requirements that were tested and, consequently, the material is acceptable for use in the ARP process.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2012

Hanford Tank Farms Waste Feed Flow Loop Phase VI: PulseEcho System Performance Evaluation

This document presents the visual and ultrasonic PulseEcho critical velocity test results obtained from the System Performance test campaign that was completed in September 2012 with the Remote Sampler Demonstration (RSD)/Waste Feed Flow Loop cold-test platform located at the Monarch test facility in Pasco, Washington. This report is intended to complement and accompany the report that will be developed by WRPS on the design of the System Performance simulant matrix, the analysis of the slurry test sample concentration and particle size distribution (PSD) data, and the design and construction of the RSD/Waste Feed Flow Loop cold-test platform.

Denslow, Kayte M.↗
DOE OSTI2014

Scale-up of Novel Low-Cost Carbon Fibers Leading to High-Volume Commercial Launch

The project started in September, 2012 with the goal of scaling up from the existing laboratory scale process for producing carbon fiber (CF) from polyolefin (PO) based precursor fiber using a Dow proprietary sulfonation-desulfonation stabilization process. The award was used to develop a process that was capable of producing market development quantities of CF from PO precursor fiber at a rate of 4 kg/h of CF. The CF would target properties that met or exceeded the Department of Energy (DOE) Vehicles Technology [1] standard; i.e., 172 GPa modulus and 1.72 GPa strength at greater than or equal to 1% strain. The Dow proprietary process was capable of meeting and exceeding these targets properties. Project DE-EE0005760 resulted from a Collaborative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Dow and Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) with support from the Michigan Economic Development Corporation (MEDC) and DOE. In the first budget period, the main goal was to design a sulfonation-desulfonation market development plant capable of stabilizing PO precursor fiber at a rate of 5 kg/h using a sulfonation solution. The detailed design, location, and cost estimate were determined as scheduled in the Project Management Plan (PMP). In parallel with this DOE award project was a fundamentals and economic evaluation funded by The Dow Chemical Company (Dow). The goal of the Dow sponsored project was to finalize the mass balances, energy balances, and levelized cost to produce CF using the Dow process. A Go-No-Go decision was scheduled in June, 2013 based on the findings of the DOE sponsored scale up project and the Dow sponsored project. In June, 2013, Dow made the No-Go decision to halt and abandon the Dow proprietary sulfonation-desulfonation process for stabilizing PO precursor fibers for the manufacturing of CF. This No-Go decision was identified in the original proposal and at the start of this project, and the decision was made as scheduled. The decision was based on the high levelized economic cost of the process relative to the manufacture of CF from polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor fibers. The capital required to sulfonate the fibers adds a significant cost to the process due to the need for investment in a sulfuric acid recovery plant. This high additional capital over the capital for a PAN based CF plant, reduces the levelized economic cost to slightly advantaged over PAN based CF. The sulfonation-desulfonation stabilization route failed to meet the Dow’s return on investment criterion and the cost advantage target set forth for the DOE project. The DOE and Dow decided to halt spending on the project until a new PO fiber stabilization process could be identified that met the DOE physical properties standard and the levelized economic cost constraints of Dow. When the new technology was developed, then award DE-EE0005760 would be re-started with the same goals of the development of a market development plant capable of producing CF at 4 kg/h with the properties that met or exceed those set forth by the Department of Energy Vehicles Technology standard. Progress on the development of the new process has been slow and thus has delayed the scale up project. Dow’s efforts to date have not progressed to the point of demonstrating a commercially-viable process for production of low cost CF from PO precursors for Dow’s rigorous economic constraints. After extensive discussions within Dow and consultation with DOE’s Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO) Headquarters and Golden Field Office teams, Dow has decided to proceed with the formal recommendation to terminate subject project. DOE’s AMO Headquarters and Golden Field Office teams agreed with the termination of the project.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2013

CALiPER Exploratory Study: Recessed Troffer Lighting

This report describes an exploration of troffer lighting as used in office and classroom spaces, which was conducted by the CALiPER program. Twenty-four pairs of 2×2 and 2×4 troffers were procured anonymously, documented, tested for photometric and electrical performance, and installed in a mockup office space in Portland, Oregon. Three of the pairs were T8 fluorescent benchmark products, 12 were dedicated LED troffers, five were fluorescent troffers modified for LED lamps (sometimes referred to as "tubes"), and another four troffers were modified with LED retrofit kits. The modifications were performed by a commercial electrical contractor, following the instructions provided by the retrofit lamp or kit manufacturer. Once installed in the mockup facility, the converted luminaires were examined by a NRTL (Nationally Recognized Testing Laboratory) safety expert, who provided feedback on safety issues. In September 2012, a group of lighting designers, engineers, and facility managers were brought in to observe the LED luminaires in comparison to fluorescent benchmarks. This report documents performance in measures that go beyond illuminance values or luminaire efficacy. Dedicated LED troffers are ready to compete with fluorescent troffers in terms of efficacy (lumens per watt), and in many lighting quality issues such as glare, light distribution, visual appearance, and color quality. That is not to say that each one is stellar, but each one tested in this CALiPER study bested the fluorescent benchmarks in terms of efficacy, and almost all were rated highly in several categories -- only one luminaire of twelve performed consistently poorly.

CALiPER Program↗
DOE OSTI2015

DOE Theory Graduate Student Fellowship: Gustavo Marques Tavares

Marques Tavares was awarded a fellowship for his proposal “The ttbar asymmetry and beyond” to starting in September 2012. This is the final report summarizing the research activities and accomplishments achieved with this grant support. With support from the DOE graduate fellowship Marques Tavares, Katz and Xu at BU have investigated a new technique for obtaining quantitative results in strongly coupled field theories with broken conformal invariance. Such theories are especially interesting as they may be candidates for physics beyond the standard model with possible applications to strongly coupled electroweak symmetry breaking. However, because of the strong coupling even qualitative results about the spectrum of such theories are not rigorously understood.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2013

Site Rehabilitation Completion Report with No Further Action Proposal for the Northeast Site

The purpose of this Site Rehabilitation Completion Report is to present the post-active-remediation monitoring results for the Northeast Site and to propose No Further Action with Controls. This document includes information required by Chapter 62-780.750(4)(d), 62-780.750(6), and 62-780.600(8)(a)27 Florida Administrative Code (F.A.C.). The Closure Monitoring Plan for the Northeast Site and 4.5 Acre Site (DOE 2009a) describes the approach for post-active-remediation monitoring. The Young - Rainey Science, Technology, and Research Center (STAR Center) is a former U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility constructed in the mid-1950s. The 99-acre STAR Center is located in Largo, Florida. The Northeast Site is located in the northeast corner of the STAR Center. The Northeast Site meets all the requirements for an RMO II closure—No Further Action with Controls. DOE is nearing completion of a restrictive covenant for the Northeast Site. DOE has completed post-active-remediation monitoring at the Northeast Site as of September 2012. No additional monitoring will be conducted.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

Marine ARM GPCI Investigation of Clouds (MAGIC) Field Campaign Report

The Marine ARM GPCI Investigation of Clouds (MAGIC) field campaign, which deployed the second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2) aboard the Horizon Lines cargo container ship Spirit as it ran its regular route between Los Angeles, California and Honolulu, Hawaii, measured properties of clouds and precipitation, aerosols, radiation, and atmospheric, meteorological, and oceanic conditions with the goal of obtaining statistics of these properties to achieve better understanding of the transition between stratocumulus and cumulus cloud regimes that occur in that region. This Sc-Cu transition is poorly represented in models, and a major reason for this is the lack of high-quality and comprehensive data that can be used to constrain, validate, and improve model representation of the transition. MAGIC consisted of 20 round trips between Los Angeles and Honolulu, and thus over three dozen transects through the transition, totaling nearly 200 days at sea between September, 2012 and October, 2013. During this time MAGIC collected a unique and unprecedented data set, including more than 550 successful radiosonde launches. An Intensive Observational Period (IOP) occurred in July, 2013 during which more detailed measurements of the atmospheric structure were made. MAGIC was very successful in its operations and overcame numerous logistical and technological challenges, clearly demonstrating the feasibility of a marine AMF2 deployment and the ability to make accurate measurements of clouds and precipitation, aerosols, and radiation while at sea.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Mitigating IASCC of Reactor Core Internals by Post-Irradiation Annealing

This final report summarizes research performed during the period between September 2012 and December 2016, with the objective of establishing the effectiveness of post-irradiation annealing (PIA) as an advanced mitigation strategy for irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC). This was completed by using irradiated 304SS control blade material to conduct crack initiation and crack growth rate (CGR) experiments in simulated BWR environment. The mechanism by which PIA affects IASCC susceptibility will also be verified. The success of this project will provide a foundation for the use of PIA as a mitigation strategy for core internal components in commercial reactors.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2017

XPRESS: eXascale PRogramming Environment and System Software

The XPRESS Project is one of four major projects of the DOE Office of Science Advanced Scientific Computing Research X-stack Program initiated in September, 2012. The purpose of XPRESS is to devise an innovative system software stack to enable practical and useful exascale computing around the end of the decade with near-term contributions to efficient and scalable operation of trans-Petaflops performance systems in the next two to three years; both for DOE mission-critical applications. To this end, XPRESS directly addresses critical challenges in computing of efficiency, scalability, and programmability through introspective methods of dynamic adaptive resource management and task scheduling.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2018

SLEEC: Semantics-Rich Libraries for Effective Exascale Computation. Final Technical Report

SLEEC (Semantics-rich Libraries for Effective Exascale Computation) was a project funded by the Department of Energy X-Stack Program, award number DE-SC0008629. The initial project period was September 2012–August 2015. The project was renewed for an additional year, expiring August 2016. Finally, the project received a no-cost extension, leading to a final expiry date of August 2017. Modern applications, especially those intended to run at exascale, are not written from scratch. Instead, they are built by stitching together various carefully-written, hand-tuned libraries. Correctly composing these libraries is difficult, but traditional compilers are unable to effectively analyze and transform across abstraction layers. Domain specific compilers integrate semantic knowledge into compilers, allowing them to transform applications that use particular domain-specific languages, or domain libraries. But they do not help when new domains are developed, or applications span multiple domains. SLEEC aims to fix these problems. To do so, we are building generic compiler and runtime infrastructures that are semantics-aware but not domain-specific. By performing optimizations related to the semantics of a domain library, the same infrastructure can be made generic and apply across multiple domains.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Understanding Mechanistic Controls of Heterotrophic CO 2 and CH 4 Fluxes in a Peatland with Deep Soil Warming and Atmospheric CO 2 Enrichment

This project was funded from August 1, 2016 – July 31, 2019 with a no-cost extension until July 31, 2020 (and built upon the PI-team’s previous work supported by DE-SC0008092 (June 2012 – September 2016)). Our project focused on the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE: https://mnspruce.ornl.gov/) experiment taking place in the S1 Bog in the Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota, USA. The SPRUCE project is a unique whole-ecosystem experiment where a bog peatland is subjected to warming and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) enrichment. Deep peat heating of the soil profile (to a depth of at least 2 m) began in June of 2014 and was followed by whole-ecosystem warming in August of 2015. Warming treatments included +0 °C, +2.25 °C, +4.5 °C, +6.75 °C, and +9 °C above ambient temperatures, with 2 experimental chambers for each warming treatment. Half of these chambers received ambient atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, and starting in June of 2016, the other half received elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations (~ +500 ppm(v) above ambient). Our primary goal with this project was to explore the mechanistic controls of anaerobic carbon cycling – especially the dynamics of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH 4 ) – within the SPRUCE experiment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Using the CYBER-Champ Model to Determine Cyber Competencies and Role Alignment

Cybersecurity roles, tasks, and skills are seen by many organizations as nonessential, abstract, or complicated. Although standards are in place, such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 800-181 document titled “Workforce Framework for Cybersecurity (NICE Framework)” available since September 2012, companies are still showing security vulnerabilities in their cyber networks (Hatzes, 2020). Barriers towards creating a cyber-ready workforce are not always due to a lack of resources, but often caused by organizational structure. The need for cyber-cognizant job postings, improved communication between Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT) employees, increases in staffing and funding for cyber teams, and better communication of standards and training can all contribute to increasing an organization’s cyber resilience. Cybersecurity Competency Health and Maturity Progression model (CYBER-CHAMP) is a model aimed at evaluating an organization’s structure and individual employee’s cyber knowledge and helps develop a plan to reach competency. This model was used to engage with organizations to promote proper cyber protocols and policies. The aim of this paper is to answer if it is possible for an organization to build a cyber-ready workforce by providing education and training options for current employees and prepare the future workforce to be ready on day one of employment. Both open source and firsthand interviews with organizations were used to conduct the research contained in this document. Further research may include additional development to the CYBER-CHAMP model and its delivery platform.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗