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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

The PANDA physics program: Strangeness and more

The physics program of the PANDA experiment at FAIR is illustrated, with a particular attention to the planned activity in the field of the doubly strange systems. The investigation of these systems can help, among others, to shed light on the role of the hyperons in the composition of the neutron stars. The great advantages that can be reached in the field of the charmed systems and nucleon structure by using high quality and intense antiproton beams are also recalled.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Theory of the strange metal Sr 3 Ru 2 O 7

The bilayer perovskite Sr 3 Ru 2 O 7 has been widely studied as a canonical strange metal. It exhibits T -linear resistivity and a T log(1/ T ) electronic specific heat in a field-tuned quantum cr itical fan. Criticality is known to occur in “hot” Fermi pockets with a high density of states close to the Fermi energy. We show that while these hot pockets occupy a small fraction of the Brillouin zone, they are responsible for the anomalous transport and thermodynamics of the material. Specifically, a scattering process in which two electrons from the large, “cold” Fermi surfaces scatter into one hot and one cold electron renders the ostensibly noncritical cold fermions a marginal Fermi liquid. From this fact the transport and thermodynamic phase diagram is reproduced in detail. To conclude, we show that the same scattering mechanism into hot electrons that are instead localized near a 2D van Hove singularity explains theanomalous transport observed in strained Sr 2 RuO 4 .

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Transverse momentum distributions of strange hadrons produced in p–p collisions at √s{sub NN} = 200 GeV

The mid-rapidity transverse momentum spectra of strange hadrons (K{sup +},K{sup −},K{sup −}/K{sup +},Λ,Λ̄,Ξ{sup −},Ξ{sup +}, and Ω) produced in p–p collisions at the highest RHIC energy √s{sub NN} = 200 GeV have been studied using a statistical unified thermal freeze-out model. The calculated results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data taken from STAR and BRAHMS experiments. The fits of the transverse momentum spectra to the model calculations provide the thermal freeze-out conditions in terms of the temperature and collective flow effect parameters for different particle species. The model incorporates a longitudinal and a transverse hydrodynamic flow. The rapidity distributions of kaons and their ratios are also reproduced successfully, which reveals the presence of partial nuclear transparency effects in p–p collisions at √s{sub NN} = 200 GeV. The contributions from heavier decay resonances are also taken into account.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Electric charge and strangeness-dependent directed flow splitting of produced quarks in Au+Au collisions

We report directed flow (v 1 ) of multistrange baryons (Ξ and Ω) and improved v1 data for $K¯$, $\bar{p}$, $\bar{Λ}$ and φ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =27$ and 200 GeV from the STAR at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We focus on particles whose constituent quarks are not transported from beam rapidity rather produced in the collisions. In midcentral collisions, we observe a coalescence sum rule for hadron combinations with identical quark content and a difference (“splitting”) in the slope of v 1 vs. rapidity for combinations having nonidentical quark content. The splitting strength appears to increase with the electric charge difference and strangeness content difference of the constituent quarks in the combinations, consistent with an electromagnetic effect. The peripheral collision statistics are insufficient to draw firm conclusions.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

CLAS12 RICH: New Hybrid Geometry for Strangeness Studies

The Jefferson Lab (JLab) CLAS12 detector will provide a world- leading facility for the study of electron-nucleon scattering. The CLAS12 physics program is very broad and includes studies on quarks dynamics as well as studies on the meson and baryon spectroscopy with quasi-real photoproduction in a large variety of nal states. The particle identification will be complemented by a Ring Imaging Cherenkov Detector (RICH), that will provide separation of kaons from protons and pions in the momentum range between 3-8 GeV/c allowing the study of pion and kaon electroproduction in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering as well as studying double and triple strange baryons. In this work, we will focus on the new technologies developed for the RICH, especially on the complex optical system, that allows to reduce the photo-detection area. Particular attention is given to the characterization of the surface in relationship with the simulation capability of GEANT4.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2018

PCG method with Strang’s circulant preconditioner for Hermitian positive definite linear system in Riesz space fractional advection–dispersion equations

In this paper, preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) method with Strang’s circulant preconditioner is investigated to solve the Hermitian positive definite linear systems, which is result from the Crank–Nicolson (C-N) finite difference scheme with the weighted and shifted Grünwald difference (WSGD) operators to discretize the Riesz space fractional advection–dispersion equation (RSFADE). We show that the spectrum of the preconditioned matrix is clustered around 1, and the singular values of the preconditioned matrix are uniformly bounded away from zero under a certain condition, respectively; hence the PCG method, when applied to solving the preconditioned system, converges superlinearly. Moreover, the complexity in each iteration of the PCG method is O(Nlog N) via using the fast Fourier transforms, where N is the matrix size. Numerical experiments are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2023

The breakdown of both strange metal and superconducting states at a pressure-induced quantum critical point in iron-pnictide superconductors

Here we report the first observation of the concurrent breakdown of the strange metal (SM) normal state and superconductivity at a pressure-induced quantum critical point in Ca 10 (Pt 4 As 8 )((Fe 0.97 Pt 0.03 ) 2 As 2 ) 5 superconductor. We find that, upon suppressing the superconducting state, the power exponent (α) changes from 1 to 2, and the slope of the temperature-linear resistivity per FeAs layer (A $\Box$ ) gradually diminishes. At a critical pressure, A $\Box$ and superconducting transition temperature (T c ) go to zero concurrently, where a quantum phase transition from a superconducting state with a SM normal state to a non-superconducting Fermi liquid state occurs. Scaling analysis reveals that the change of A $\Box$ with T c obeys the relation of T c ~ (A $\Box$ ) 0.5 , similar to what is seen in other chemically doped unconventional superconductors. These results suggest that there is a simple but powerful organizational principle of connecting the SM normal state with the high-T c superconductivity.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2017

Role of the strange quark in the rho(770) meson

Recently, the GWU lattice group has evaluated high-precision phase-shift data for $\pi\pi$ scattering in the $I = 1$, $J = 1$ channel. Unitary Chiral Perturbation Theory describes these data well around the resonance region and for different pion masses. Moreover, it allows to extrapolate to the physical point and estimate the effect of the missing $K\bar{K}$ channel in the two-flavor lattice calculation. The absence of the strange quark in the lattice data leads to a lower $\rho$ mass, and the analysis with U$\chi$PT shows that the $K \bar{K}$ channel indeed pushes the $\pi\pi$-scattering phase shift upward, having a surprisingly large effect on the $\rho$-mass. The inelasticity is shown to be compatible with the experimental data. The analysis is then extended to all available two-flavor lattice simulations and similar mass shifts are observed. Chiral extrapolations of $N_f = 2 + 1$ lattice simulations for the $\rho(770)$ are also reported.

Molina Peralta, Raquel↗
DOE OSTI2022

Off-of-equilibrium effects on Kurtosis Along Strangeness-Neutral Trajectories

The Beam Energy Scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) is searching for the QCD critical point. The main signal for the critical point is the kurtosis of the distribution of proton yields obtained on an event by event basis where one expects a peak at the critical point. However, its exact behavior is still an open question due to out-of-equilibrium effects and uncertainty in the equation of state. Here we use a simplistic hydrodynamic model that enforces strangeness-neutrality, selecting trajectories that pass close to the critical point. We vary the initial conditions to estimate the effect of out-of-equilibrium hydrodynamics on the kurtosis signal.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Weak production of strange particles off the nucleon

The strange particle production off the nucleon induced by neutrinos and antineutrinos is investigated at low and intermediate energies. We develop a microscopic model based on the SU(3) chiral Lagrangian. The studied mechanisms are the main source of single kaon production for (anti)neutrino energies up to 1.5 GeV. Using this model we have also studied the associated production of kaons and hyperons. The cross sections are large enough to be measured by experiments such as MINERνA, T2K and NOνA.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Weak production of strange particles and η mesons off the nucleon

The strange particle production induced by (anti)neutrino off nucleon has been studied for |ΔS| = 0 and |ΔS| = 1 channels. The reactions those we have considered are for the production of single kaon/antikaon, eta and associated particle production processes. We have developed a microscopical model based on the SU(3) chiral Lagrangian. The basic parameters of the model are f{sub π}, the pion decay constant, Cabibbo angle, the proton and neutron magnetic moments and the axial vector coupling constants for the baryons octet. For antikaon production we have also included Σ*(1385) resonance and for eta production S{sub 11}(1535) and S{sub 11}(1650) resonances are included.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Stability of charged strange quark stars

We investigate the hydrostatic equilibrium and the stability of charged stars made of a charged perfect fluid. The matter contained in the star follows the MIT bag model equation of state and the charge distribution to a power-law of the radial coordinate. The hydrostatic equilibrium and the stability of charged strange stars are analyzed using the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation and the Chandrasekhar’s equation pulsation, respectively. These two equation are modified from their original form to the inclusion of the electric charge. We found that the stability of the star decreases with the increment of the central energy density and with the increment of the amount of charge.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

A STRANGE STAR SCENARIO FOR THE FORMATION OF ECCENTRIC MILLISECOND PULSAR/HELIUM WHITE DWARF BINARIES

According to the recycling scenario, millisecond pulsars (MSPs) have evolved from low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). Their orbits are expected to be circular due to tidal interactions during binary evolution, as observed in most binary MSPs. There are some peculiar systems that do not fit this picture. Three recent examples are the PSRs J2234+06, J1946+3417, and J1950+2414, all of which are MSPs in eccentric orbits but with mass functions compatible with expected He white dwarf (WD) companions. It has been suggested these MSPs may have formed from delayed accretion-induced collapse of massive WDs, or the eccentricity may be induced by dynamical interaction between the binary and a circumbinary disk. Assuming that the core density of accreting neutron stars (NSs) in LMXBs may reach the density of quark deconfinement, which can lead to phase transition from NSs to strange quark stars, we show that the resultant MSPs are likely to have an eccentric orbit, due to the sudden loss of the gravitational mass of the NS during the transition. The eccentricities can be reproduced with a reasonable estimate of the mass loss. This scenario might also account for the formation of the youngest known X-ray binary Cir X–1, which also possesses a low-field compact star in an eccentric orbit.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2016

Accretion disks around neutron and strange stars in R + aR {sup 2} gravity

We study the electromagnetic spectrum of accretion disks around neutron and strange stars in R + aR {sup 2} gravity. Both static and rapidly rotating models are investigated. The results are compared with the General Relativistic results. We found difference between the results in both theories of about 50% for the electromagnetic flux and about 20% in the luminosity for models with equal mass and angular velocity in both theories. The observed differences are much lower for models rotating with Keplerian velocity and with equal masses.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in e + e - → $K$ + $D^{*}_{s}$ - $D$ *0 + c.c.*

We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed Z cs (3985) - state, denoted as $Z^{'-}_{cs}$, in the process e + e - → $K$ + $D^{*}_{s}$ - $D$ *0 + c.c., based on e + e - collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}$ = 4.661, 4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector. The $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate K + recoil-mass spectra, which are probed for a potential contribution from $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ → $D^{*}_{s}$ - $D$ *0 + (c.c.). We find an excess of $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ → $D^{*}_{s}$ - $D$ *0 + (c.c.) candidates with a significance of 2.1σ, after considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of 4123.5 ± 0.7 stat. ± 4.7 syst. ) MeV/c 2 . As the data set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90% confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections (σ BORN ) and the branching fraction ($\mathcal{B}$) of $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ → $D^{*}_{s}$ - $D$ *0 , under different assumptions of the $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies. The upper limits of σ BORN ∙ $\mathcal{B}$ are found to be at the level of $\mathcal{O}$(1) pb at each energy. Larger data samples are needed to confirm the $Z^{'-}_{cs}$ state and clarify its nature in the coming years.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Signatures of Flux Tube Fragmentation and Strangeness Correlations in pp Collisions

In the fragmentation of a color flux tube in high-energy pp collisions or e + - e - annihilations, the production of $ q\bar{q} $ pairs along a color flux tube precedes the fragmentation of the tube. The local conservation laws in the production of these $ q\bar{q} $ pairs will lead to the correlations of adjacently produced hadrons. As a consequence, the fragmentation of a flux tube will yield a many-hadron correlation in the form of a chain of hadrons ordered in rapidity, with adjacent hadrons correlated in charges, flavor contents, and azimuthal angles. It will also lead to a two-hadron angular correlation between two hadrons with opposite charges or strangeness that is suppressed at Δ ϕ ~ 0 but enhanced at Δ ϕ ~ π, within a rapidity window Δy~1/( dN/dy ).

Wong, Cheuk-Yin↗
DOE OSTI2025

Hidden-strangeness tetraquarks in the dynamical diquark model

The dynamical diquark model describes multiquark exotic hadrons in terms of diquark components nucleated by heavy quarks and successfully explains multiple features of hidden-charm and hidden-bottom exotics. Here, we apply the model to the marginally heavy case of hidden-strange states to probe whether mesons near 2 GeV with peculiar properties, such as 𝜙⁡(2170), 𝑓 2 ⁡(2340), and 𝑋⁡(2370), are possible tetraquark candidates. We calculate spin-multiplet average masses using potentials obtained through lattice simulations and quark models, and we also describe the detailed spectra of the expected multiplets as a diagnostic to discern the nature of future hadrons likely to be discovered in this mass region by experiments at facilities such as BESIII, JLab, and the EIC.

Bound states↗
DOE OSTI2025

Shear viscosity from perturbative quantum chromodynamics to the hadron resonance gas at finite baryon, strangeness, and electric charge densities

Through model-to-data comparisons from heavy-ion collisions, it has been shown that the quark gluon plasma has an extremely small shear viscosity at vanishing densities. At large baryon densities, significantly less is known about the nature of the shear viscosity from quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Within heavy-ion collisions, there are three conserved charges: baryon number (B), strangeness (S), and electric charge (Q). Here we calculate the shear viscosity in two limits using perturbative QCD (pQCD) and an excluded-volume hadron resonance gas at finite BSQ densities. We then develop a framework that interpolates between these two limits such that shear viscosity is possible to calculate across a wide range of finite BSQ densities. We find that the pQCD and hadron resonance gas calculations have different BSQ density dependencies such that a rather nontrivial shear viscosity appears at finite densities.

Phenomenology↗