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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2022

Advanced Visualization of Silent Error Propagation in HPC Applications

Last year, we refactored the major components of the SpotSDC visualization platform and added a visualization component for fault tolerance boundary. Also, we designed a new analysis framework to understand an application resiliency with a significantly less amount of samples compared to previous approaches. We evaluated the visualization platform and analysis framework for multiple critical HPC computation kernels and collected evidence for the effectiveness of the method developed. We published the findings of our research in the IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), the top journal in visualization. Moreover, we submitted a new paper, "Understanding a Program's Resiliency Through Error Propagation," to the PPOPP 2021 conference.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Hawaii Fish Company Inc. Technical Assistance Voucher (Abstract)

For the past several years, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have provided technical assistance to the recipients of Department of Energy (DOE) -funded voucher programs, namely American-Made Challenges (AMC), the Incubator Program, and the Small Business Vouchers Program. Drawing on lessons learned and from first-hand experiences, NREL is leading a new holistic and streamlined voucher program aimed at strengthening ties between American innovators and the national labs. This new program, “Vouchers to Enable Laboratory and Organizational Collaboration for Innovation and Technology Improvements,” or VELOCITI, will leverage the successful elements of past programs, create administrative efficiencies, and enable the buildout of a national program to drive strong relationships between entrepreneurs and the national labs to accelerate the roll-out of new technologies in the US solar sector. This work will evaluate Hawaii Fish Company’s (HFC’s) floating renewable energy-powered aeration systems, designed primarily for aquaculture ponds, with crossover applications to farm ponds, reservoirs, and other water bodies. Notably, HFC’s systems include a variety of configurations, such as direct-solar systems, battery-storage systems, and systems with a secondary wind turbine option. HFC is planning to refine and commercialize their renewable energy aeration platforms. Presently, HFC is fabricating multiple configurations of the systems for deployment in multiple locations in the U.S. PNNL will apply technical expertise to assist in these goals, benefitting the industry partner by giving them an understanding of the performance of their systems. The technical objectives of this project are to understand system performance and reliability, determine a path toward certification, and model the performance of the systems in different locations.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2020

MoorDyn V2: New Capabilities in Mooring System Components and Load Cases: Preprint

MoorDyn, an open-source mooring dynamics model, is being expanded with capabilities for additional mooring system features and load cases. As floating wind turbine technology matures, mooring systems are becoming more sophisticated and more complex scenarios need to be considered in the design process. Mooring systems may have synthetic line materials, ballast/buoyancy bodies along the lines, or interconnections between platforms. Failure modes may involve multiple cascading line failures that depend on mooring system dynamics. Features recently added to MoorDyn aim to address these emerging needs. MoorDyn’s linear elasticity model has been supplemented to support user-defined stress-strain curves, which can be adjusted to represent synthetic mooring materials. Rigid six-degree-of-freedom bodies in the mooring system can now be modeled using two new model objects. “Rod” objects provide an option for rigid cylindrical bodies. They use the existing Morison equation-based hydrodynamics model and can be connected to mooring lines at either end. “Body” objects provide a generic six-degree-of-freedom rigid-body representation based on a lumped-parameter model of translational and rotational properties. Rod objects can be added to Body objects and mooring lines can be attached at any location, allowing a wide variety of submerged structures to be integrated into the mooring system. Lastly, a means of dynamically simulating mooring line failures has been implemented. These new features, currently in the C++ version of MoorDyn, are described and then demonstrated on a two-turbine shared-mooring array. A qualitative view of the results suggests the new features are functioning as expected.

49 EE - Wind and Water Power Program - Wind (EE-4W↗
DOE OSTI2025

Evaluating the feasibility of tidal energy extraction at non-operational gas platforms and effects of sedimentation and sea ice in Cook Inlet (Abstract)

Littoral Power Systems (LPS) has been granted a FERC preliminary permit for the Upper Cook Inlet Tidal Energy Project in an area that includes existing non-producing natural gas platforms. LPS is working to understand the feasibility of a 2 MW tidal energy project and is considering multiple technologies, the viability of using the platforms to support deployment and operation of the technologies, as well as the environmental conditions that will interact with tidal energy devices. The proposed TEAMER work will conduct a modeling study to understand 1) current velocity and turbulence; 2) the distribution of sea ice trajectories around the platform; and 3) the likelihood of seabed erosion and deposition through an analysis of shear stress in the seabed near the platforms. The results of this work will contribute to determining the feasibility of the site for tidal energy development.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2022

Performance Evaluation of an Advanced Distributed Energy Resource Management Algorithm

This paper presents performance evaluation of a new distributed energy resource management system (DERMS) algorithm via an advanced hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) platform. The HIL platform provides realistic testing in a laboratory environment, including the accurate modeling of sub-transmission and distribution networks, the DERMS software controller, and 84 power hardware solar photovoltaic (PV) inverters, standard communication protocols, and a capacitor bank controller. The DERMS algorithm is also called, Grid-Optimization of Solar (GO-Solar) platform which includes predictive state estimation (PSE) and online multiple objective optimization (OMOO) to dispatch the legacy devices and distributed energy resources (e.g., PV). The voltage regulation performance is evaluated under three scenarios, volt-var smart inverter (baseline), and DERMS control for 100% and 30% of PV. The results show that controlling 30% of PV systems with the GO-Solar platform may provide the best balance of control performance and implementation cost.

distributed energy resource management system (DER↗
DOE OSTI2021

Integrated energy-water-land nexus planning in the Colorado River Basin (Argentina)

Integrated energy-water-land (EWL) planning promotes synergies and avoids conflicts in ways that sector-specific planning approaches cannot. Many important decisions that influence emerging EWL nexus issues are implemented at regional (e.g., large river basin, electricity grid) and sub-regional (e.g., small river basin, irrigation district) scales. However, actual implementation of integrated planning at these scales has been limited. Simply collecting and visualizing data and interconnections across multiple sectors and sub-regions in a single modeling platform is a unique endeavor in many regions. This study introduces and applies a novel approach to linking together multiple sub-regions in a single platform to characterize and visualize EWL resource use, EWL system linkages within and among sub-regions, and the EWL nexus implications of future policies and investments. This integrated planning methodology is applied in the water-stressed Colorado River Basin in Argentina, which is facing increasing demands for agricultural and fossil fuel commodities. Guided by stakeholders, this study seeks to inform basin planning activities by characterizing and visualizing (1) the basin’s current state of EWL resources, (2) the linkages between sectors within and among basin sub-regions, and (3) the EWL nexus implications of planned future agricultural development activities. Results show that water scarcity, driven in part by human demands that have historically reached 60% of total surface water supply, poses a substantial constraint to economic development in the basin. The Colorado basin has the potential to serve as a testbed for crafting novel and generalizable sub-regional EWL planning approaches capable of informing the EWL planning dialogue globally.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

DEEPER: An Intergrated Platform for Deeper Roots

Crops with deeper roots would have multiple benefits, including better drought tolerance, reduced requirement for nitrogen fertilizer, and better sequestration of atmospheric CO 2 . DEEPER is an integrated platform of phenomic, genomic, and in silico technologies to generate maize lines with deeper roots. DEEPER is: LEADER (Leaf Elemental Accumulation from Deep Roots) is a breakthrough technology to nondestructively measure rooting depth by using the plant itself as a sensor. LEADER uses handheld X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry to quantify foliar accumulation of elements that are differentially distributed in the soil profile. LEADER is nondestructive and is orders of magnitude cheaper, faster, and more precise than any competing assay of rooting depth in the field. LEADER is able to distinguish deep-rooted from shallow-rooted maize lines in the field without the need for costly and noisy soil coring. RootRobot/DIRT3D, to automatically phenotype root architecture in any field, combining RootRobot, a mechatronics platform to excavate, clean, section, and image mature root crowns, with DIRT3D, software to quantify architectural traits in 3D. Anatomics, a high-throughput platform to phenotype root anatomy, combining LAT 2.0, a technology for 3D imaging of root anatomy and composition, with RootScan3D, software to automatically extract 3D anatomical and cell wall composition metrics from LAT 2.0 output. Using this platform we discovered two novel root traits, parenchyma cell wall thickness and multiseriate cortical sclerenchyma, that improve rooting depth and drought tolerance in maize and wheat. OpenSimRoot/Deep, software to simulate root interaction with hard subsoils. Using this platform we discovered novel concepts regarding how to increase crop rooting depth by modulating how individual root axes respond to hard soil. DeepGenes, a toolkit of genes, parent lines, and genomic selection strategies to enable breeding hybrids with deeper roots. We discovered 3 novel root genes that increase rooting depth in maize and wheat. DEEPER discovered novel root phenotypes for deeper rooting, and delivered validated ideotypes for deeper-rooted maize; novel technologies to rapidly assess root depth, root architecture and anatomy in field-grown plants; novel software tools for root modeling and 3D image analysis of root architecture and anatomy; and validated genes and genomic selection models to deploy traits for deeper rooting in maize breeding. Each DEEPER technology is transformative in its own right, and exceeds existing technologies. They are mutually synergistic, deployable for field-grown plants, and are ready for application. The phenotyping and modeling technologies are readily applicable to many crops, and genetic leads in maize may have utility in other grasses. Taken as a whole they represent a transformative platform to develop deeper-rooted crops, with greater drought tolerance, reduced fertilizer requirement, and greater carbon sequestration.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

TAMM: Tensor algebra for many-body methods

Tensor algebra operations such as contractions in computational chemistry consume a significant fraction of the computing time on large-scale computing platforms. The widespread use of tensor contractions between large multi-dimensional tensors in describing electronic structure theory has motivated the development of multiple tensor algebra frameworks targeting heterogeneous computing platforms. In this paper, we present Tensor Algebra for Many-body Methods (TAMM), a framework for productive and performance-portable development of scalable computational chemistry methods. TAMM decouples the specification of the computation from the execution of these operations on available high-performance computing systems. With this design choice, the scientific application developers (domain scientists) can focus on the algorithmic requirements using the tensor algebra interface provided by TAMM, whereas high-performance computing developers can direct their attention to various optimizations on the underlying constructs, such as efficient data distribution, optimized scheduling algorithms, and efficient use of intra-node resources (e.g., graphics processing units). The modular structure of TAMM allows it to support different hardware architectures and incorporate new algorithmic advances. We describe the TAMM framework and our approach to the sustainable development of scalable ground- and excited-state electronic structure methods. We present case studies highlighting the ease of use, including the performance and productivity gains compared to other frameworks.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2020

CiteSoft_Py

There is a need to provide a way for dev-users (Scientists, Engineers, and other Software Developers) to get credit (citations) when they contribute to an important software package - particularly a large package that is already established. Various solutions (including cross package) solutions do exist, but a simple standard format that can work between multiple packages and multiple languages in a modular way is not widely available. CiteSoft_py is a python implementation of CiteSoft. CiteSoft is a plain text standard consisting of a format and a protocol that exports the citations for the end-users for whichever softwares they have used. CiteSoft has been designed so that software dev-users can rely upon it regardless of coding language or platform, and even for cases where multiple codes are working in a coupled manner. The CiteSoft_py implementation includes python decorators to make wrappers for facile use. The purpose is that when dev-users (scientists, engineers and professional programmers) contribute to a collaborative software project, that the appropriate citations (e.g., journal article, conference proceeding) are provided to the end-user. The end-user does not need to know how to use a command line interface, API, etc.

Savara, Aditya↗
DOE OSTI2025

Spatio-spectral quantum state estimation of photon pairs from optical fiber using stimulated emission

Developing a quantum light source that carries more than one bit per photon is pivotal for expanding quantum information applications. Characterizing a high-dimensional multiple-degree-of-freedom source at the single-photon level is challenging due to the large parameter space as well as limited emission rates and detection efficiencies. Here, we characterize photon pairs generated in optical fiber in the transverse-mode and frequency degrees of freedom by applying stimulated emission in both degrees of freedom while detecting in one of them at a time. This method may be useful in the quantum state estimation and optimization of various photon-pair source platforms in which complicated correlations across multiple degrees of freedom may be present.

Kim, Dong Beom (ORCID:0000000346887375)↗
DOE OSTI2024

IRIS: A Performance-Portable Framework for Cross-Platform Heterogeneous Computing

From edge to exascale, computer architectures are becoming more heterogeneous and complex. The systems typically have fat nodes, with multicore CPUs and multiple hardware accelerators such as GPUs, FPGAs, and DSPs. This complexity is causing a crisis in programming systems and performance portability. Several programming systems are working to address these challenges, but the increasing architectural diversity is forcing software stacks and applications to be specialized for each architecture. As we show, all of these approaches critically depend on their software framework for discovery, execution, scheduling, and data orchestration. To address this challenge, we believe that a more agile and proactive software framework is essential to increase performance portability and improve user productivity. To this end, we have designed and implemented IRIS: a performance-portable framework for cross-platform heterogeneous computing. IRIS can discover available resources, manage multiple diverse programming platforms (e.g., CUDA, Hexagon, HIP, Level Zero, OpenCL, OpenMP) simultaneously in the same execution, respect data dependencies, orchestrate data movement proactively, and provide for user-configurable scheduling. To simplify data movement, IRIS introduces a shared virtual device memory with relaxed consistency among different heterogeneous devices. IRIS also adds an automatic kernel workload partitioning technique using the polyhedral model so that it can resize kernels for a wide range of devices. Our evaluation on three architectures, ranging from Qualcomm Snapdragon to a Summit supercomputer node, shows that IRIS improves portability across a wide range of diverse heterogeneous architectures with negligible overhead.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Regional-scale fault-to-structure earthquake simulations with the EQSIM framework: Workflow maturation and computational performance on GPU-accelerated exascale platforms

Continuous advancements in scientific and engineering understanding of earthquake phenomena, combined with the associated development of representative physics-based models, is providing a foundation for high-performance, fault-to-structure earthquake simulations. However, regional-scale applications of high-performance models have been challenged by the computational requirements at the resolutions required for engineering risk assessments. The EarthQuake SIMulation (EQSIM) framework, a software application development under the US Department of Energy (DOE) Exascale Computing Project, is focused on overcoming the existing computational barriers and enabling routine regional-scale simulations at resolutions relevant to a breadth of engineered systems. This multidisciplinary software development—drawing upon expertise in geophysics, engineering, applied math and computer science—is preparing the advanced computational workflow necessary to fully exploit the DOE’s exaflop computer platforms coming online in the 2023 to 2024 timeframe. Achievement of the computational performance required for high-resolution regional models containing upward of hundreds of billions to trillions of model grid points requires numerical efficiency in every phase of a regional simulation. This includes run time start-up and regional model generation, effective distribution of the computational workload across thousands of computer nodes, efficient coupling of regional geophysics and local engineering models, and application-tailored highly efficient transfer, storage, and interrogation of very large volumes of simulation data. This article summarizes the most recent advancements and refinements incorporated in the workflow design for the EQSIM integrated fault-to-structure framework, which are based on extensive numerical testing across multiple graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated platforms, and demonstrates the computational performance achieved on the world’s first exaflop computer platform through representative regional-scale earthquake simulations for the San Francisco Bay Area in California, USA.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Low-Frequency Correlated Charge-Noise Measurements Across Multiple Energy Transitions in a Tantalum Transmon

Transmon qubits fabricated with tantalum metal have been shown to possess energy relaxation times greater than 400 𝜇⁢s and, as such, present an attractive platform for high precision, correlated noise studies across multiple higher-energy transitions. Tracking the multilevel fluctuating qudit frequencies with a precision enabled by the high coherence of the device allows us to extract the charge offset and quasiparticle dynamics. We observe qualitatively different charge-offset behavior in the tantalum device than those measured in previous low-frequency charge-noise studies. In particular, we find the charge-offset dynamics are dominated by rare, discrete jumps between a finite number of quasistationary charge configurations, a previously unobserved charge-noise process in superconducting qubits.

3-dimensional systems↗
DOE OSTI2020

Customized Chiral Colloids

This contribution describes a synthetic strategy for the fabrication of multicomponent colloidal “molecules” with controllable complex morphologies and compositionally distinct lobes. Using 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacry-late (TPM) as the building block, the methodology enables a scalable bulk synthesis of customized chiral colloidal particles with geometric and compositional chirality by sequential seeded growth method. Finally, the synthetic protocol presents a versatile platform for constructing colloidal molecules with multiple components having customized shapes and functionalities, with the potential to impact the design of chromatic patchy particles, colloidal swimmers and chiral optical materials, as well as informing programmable assembly.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

A topological Hund nodal line antiferromagnet

The interplay of topology, magnetism, and correlations gives rise to intriguing phases of matter. In this study, through state-of-the-art angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, density functional theory, and dynamical mean-field theory calculations, we visualize a fourfold degenerate Dirac nodal line at the boundary of the bulk Brillouin zone in the antiferromagnet YMn 2 Ge 2 . We further demonstrate that this gapless, antiferromagnetic Dirac nodal line is enforced by the combination of magnetism, space-time inversion symmetry, and nonsymmorphic lattice symmetry. The corresponding drumhead surface states traverse the whole surface Brillouin zone. YMn 2 Ge 2 thus serves as a platform to exhibit the interplay of multiple degenerate nodal physics and antiferromagnetism. Interestingly, the magnetic nodal line displays a d-orbital dependent renormalization along its trajectory in momentum space, thereby manifesting Hund's coupling. Our findings offer insights into the effect of electronic correlations on magnetic Dirac nodal lines, leading to an antiferromagnetic Hund nodal line.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

A Two-Stage Current Limiting Control Strategy for Direct-Droop-Controlled Grid-Forming Inverters

This paper presents a two-stage current limiting control strategy with fault ride-through capability for the direct-droop-controlled grid-forming (GFM) inverters. The proposed approach comprises Stage 1 and Stage 2 current limiting controls. During faults, Stage 1 current limiting control instantly clamps the inverter output current magnitude to its maximum transient limit by blocking the switching pulses to the insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) with the help of a hysteresis loop control, and Stage 2 current limiting control limits the inverter output current magnitude to its steady-state limit by regulating the amplitude and frequency of the modulating waveform utilizing the active and reactive current limiting control loops. By implementing the current limiting actions in two stages, this approach can effectively limit the over-current within a few cycles after the fault occurrence and ensure synchronism to the grid after long-term fault events. The efficacy of the proposed control approach is validated through electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation results conducted on a single GFM inverter-based test system and the IEEE 39-bus test system with multiple GFM inverters in the PSCAD platform.

Mohiuddin, Sheik Mohammad↗
DOE OSTI2020

Developing of Quaternary Pumped Storage Hydropower for Dynamic Studies

Quaternary pumped storage hydropower (Q-PSH) technology, as one of the new advanced-PSH technology, has been developed by taking advantage of Conventional-PSH (C-PSH) and Adjustable Speed-PSH (AS-PSH). By combining adjustable-speed pump unit and conventional hydropower turbine unit in the quaternary configuration, Q-PSH has the more competitive capability of providing fast power support in the future high renewable penetrated power system. Acting as energy storage (ES), Q-PSH provides promising power supply to deal with the uncertainty and variability from renewable energy generation. This paper focuses on the dynamic modeling of Q-PSH technology employing full-converter machine and the impact of Q-PSH on the frequency response in a system. The detailed model of Q-PSH is developed and implemented in the IEEE 14-bus system based on GE Positive Sequence Load Flow (PSLF) platform, which captures the dynamic of multiple operation modes, especially hydraulic short-circuit (HSC) operation mode. Several cases are set up to reveal the advantages of Q-PSH technology when power electronic based renewable energy generation is deployed in the system. Sensitivity studies of the controller in pump governor show the impact of parameters in pump response performance. The comparison case illustrates the impact of frequency response provided by the Q-PSH in the system.

dynamic modeling↗
DOE OSTI2021

Remote Target Engagement System (RTES) Generation 4 ("Gen 4")

RTES is designed to provide teleoperation of remote weapon platform capability at defensive physical protection locations requiring active lethal capabilities for final access denial. Multiple operator consoles allow for coordinated engagement of many weapon platforms by one or more operator consoles. This results in faster response times, increased effectiveness, and increased survivability from removing response force from harm's way increasing survivability. This software is developed against DoD requirements and has been safety and functionally reviewed and approved for operational use. Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525. SAND2021-1935 O

Klingler, KristopherR.↗